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Article: Machine learning-based integration develops biomarkers initial the crosstalk between inflammation and immune in acute myocardial infarction patients.

Li, Hongyu / Sun, Xinti / Li, Zesheng / Zhao, Ruiping / Li, Meng / Hu, Taohong

2023 Volume 9, Page(s) 1059543

Abstract: Great strides have been made in past years toward revealing the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the prognosis did not meet satisfactory expectations. Considering the importance of early diagnosis in AMI, biomarkers with high ... ...

Abstract	Great strides have been made in past years toward revealing the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the prognosis did not meet satisfactory expectations. Considering the importance of early diagnosis in AMI, biomarkers with high sensitivity and accuracy are urgently needed. On the other hand, the prevalence of AMI worldwide has rapidly increased over the last few years, especially after the outbreak of COVID-19. Thus, in addition to the classical risk factors for AMI, such as overwork, agitation, overeating, cold irritation, constipation, smoking, and alcohol addiction, viral infections triggers have been considered. Immune cells play pivotal roles in the innate immunosurveillance of viral infections. So, immunotherapies might serve as a potential preventive or therapeutic approach, sparking new hope for patients with AMI. An era of artificial intelligence has led to the development of numerous machine learning algorithms. In this study, we integrated multiple machine learning algorithms for the identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers for AMI. Then, the possible association between critical genes and immune cell infiltration status was characterized for improving the diagnosis and treatment of AMI patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2781496-8
ISSN	2297-055X
ISSN	2297-055X
DOI	10.3389/fcvm.2022.1059543
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Article: Protective Effect of S-Allyl Cysteine Against Neonatal Asthmatic Rats.

Jiang, Li / Li, Yuning / Wang, Fang / Zhang, Xindao / Zhao, Ruiping

Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society

2020 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 1559325820982189

Abstract: S-Allyl cysteine (SAC), an organic compound and a natural constituent ... ...

Abstract	S-Allyl cysteine (SAC), an organic compound and a natural constituent of
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2440820-7
ISSN	1559-3258 ; 1559-3258
ISSN (online)	1559-3258
ISSN	1559-3258
DOI	10.1177/1559325820982189
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Article ; Online: Therapeutic efficacy of dapagliflozin on diabetic kidney disease in rats.

Yang, Huijuan / Mei, Zhijie / Chen, Weidong / Pan, Yan / Liu, Lei / Zhao, Ruiping / Ni, Wenjing / Wang, Yanfei / Fei, Chengqiu

International immunopharmacology

2022 Volume 113, Issue Pt A, Page(s) 109272

Abstract: Aim: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the severe microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which eventually leads to irreversible renal damage and develops into end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 ( ...

Abstract	Aim: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the severe microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which eventually leads to irreversible renal damage and develops into end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs that act on the kidney to reduce glucose reabsorption. Increasing evidence confirms that dapagliflozin exerts a protective effect on DKD, but the mechanisms have not been reported. The aims of this study were to observe the therapeutic efficacy of dapagliflozin on DKD and investigate the possible immunological mechanism. Materials and methods: T2DM was modeled by a high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with STZ. Then, rats were treated with 10 mg/kg dapagliflozin for 8 weeks. The protective efficacy of dapagliflozin was evaluated by observing body weight, blood glucose, blood serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24-h urine protein, renal histology and ultrastructure, and oxidative stress levels. The immunological mechanisms were monitored by measuring the levels of TLR2/Myd88/NF-κB by immunohistochemical staining, RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results: After treatment with dapagliflozin, renal damage was greatly improved. The levels of blood glucose, renal function and proteinuria were significantly decreased, and renal pathological and ultrastructural damage was obviously extenuated, possibly due to the reduction in inflammation and the levels of oxidative stress. Conclusions: Dapagliflozin has therapeutic potential for DKD. This effect was possibly mediated by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress levels.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Diabetic Nephropathies/drug therapy ; Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology ; Benzhydryl Compounds/therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose ; Kidney/pathology ; Inflammation/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	dapagliflozin (1ULL0QJ8UC) ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; Benzhydryl Compounds ; Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2043785-7
ISSN	1878-1705 ; 1567-5769
ISSN (online)	1878-1705
ISSN	1567-5769
DOI	10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109272
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Zs.A 5408: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Epigallocatechin Gallate Attenuates β-Amyloid Generation and Oxidative Stress Involvement of PPARγ in N2a/APP695 Cells.

Zhang, Zhao-Xu / Li, Yan-Bing / Zhao, Rui-Ping

Neurochemical research

2017 Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 468–480

Abstract: The accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide plaques is a major pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is a cleaved fragment of APP via BACE1, which is the rate-limiting enzyme in APP processing and Aβ generation. Nuclear receptor peroxisome ... ...

Abstract	The accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide plaques is a major pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is a cleaved fragment of APP via BACE1, which is the rate-limiting enzyme in APP processing and Aβ generation. Nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is considered to be a potential target for AD treatment, because of its potent antioxidant and inhibitory effects on Aβ production by negatively regulating BACE1. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a highly active catechin found in green tea, is known to enhance metabolic activity and cognitive ability in the mice model of AD. To investigate whether the therapeutic effect of EGCG is related to the PPARγ pathway, we analysed the alterations in the intracellular molecular expression of PPARγ after EGCG treatment in the N2a/APP695 cell line. In this study, we observed that EGCG attenuated Aβ generation in N2a/APP695 cells, such as the PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone, by suppressing the transcription and translation of BACE1 and that its effect was attenuated by the PPARγ inhibitor, GW9662. Intriguingly, EGCG significantly reinforced the activity of PPARγ by promoting its mRNA and protein expressions in N2a/APP695 cells. Moreover, EGCG also decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, caspase-3), reduced the activity of the anti-inflammatory agent NF-κB and inhibited the oxidative stress by decreasing the levels of ROS and MDA and increasing the expression of MnSOD. Co-administration of GW9662 also significantly decreased the EGCG-mediated neuroprotective effect evidenced by the increase in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. The therapeutic efficacy of EGCG in AD may be derived from the up-regulation of PPARγ mRNA and protein expressions.
MeSH term(s)	Amyloid beta-Peptides/biosynthesis ; Anilides/pharmacology ; Animals ; Catechin/analogs & derivatives ; Catechin/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Survival/physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; PPAR gamma/antagonists & inhibitors ; PPAR gamma/biosynthesis ; Peptide Fragments/biosynthesis
Chemical Substances	2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Anilides ; PPAR gamma ; Peptide Fragments ; amyloid beta-protein (1-40) ; amyloid beta-protein (1-42) ; Catechin (8R1V1STN48) ; epigallocatechin gallate (BQM438CTEL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	199335-5
ISSN	1573-6903 ; 0364-3190
ISSN (online)	1573-6903
ISSN	0364-3190
DOI	10.1007/s11064-016-2093-8
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Article ; Online: Sensitive detection of Campylobacter jejuni using one-step strategy based on functional nanospheres of immunomagnetic capture and quantum dots.

He, Kuo / Zhang, Xiuyuan / Chen, Lin / Zhao, Ruiping / Wang, Lixia

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

2018 Volume 163, Page(s) 274–278

Abstract: Campylobacter jejuni has emerged as the most common bacterial foodborne illness in the developed world. Here, we demonstrate a convenient one-step strategy for detecting C. jejuni. Immunomagnetic nanospheres (IMNS) and immunofluorescent nanospheres (IFNS, ...

Abstract	Campylobacter jejuni has emerged as the most common bacterial foodborne illness in the developed world. Here, we demonstrate a convenient one-step strategy for detecting C. jejuni. Immunomagnetic nanospheres (IMNS) and immunofluorescent nanospheres (IFNS, quantum dots) were used for the simultaneous, sensitive capture and recognition of C. jejuni. After magnetic separation with the IMNS, detection of C. jejuni was achieved with fluorescence measurement of the IFNS in the sandwich complexes (IMNS-bacteria-IFNS). The limit of detection of this assay was 10
MeSH term(s)	Biological Assay ; Campylobacter jejuni/isolation & purification ; Fluorescence ; Food Contamination/analysis ; Magnetic Phenomena ; Nanospheres ; Quantum Dots
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	436536-7
ISSN	1090-2414 ; 0147-6513
ISSN (online)	1090-2414
ISSN	0147-6513
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.050
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Zs.A 1418: Show issues

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Article ; Online: C-C chemokine receptor 5 signaling contributes to cardiac remodeling and dysfunction under pressure overload.

Wang, Xiaomin / Li, Wei / Yue, Qiang / Du, Wei / Li, Yongming / Liu, Fu / Yang, Liu / Xu, Lijuan / Zhao, Ruiping / Hu, Jiang

Molecular medicine reports

2020 Volume 23, Issue 1

Abstract: Aortic stenosis (AS) leads to chronic pressure overload, cardiac remodeling and eventually heart failure. Chemokines and their receptors have been implicated in pressure overload‑induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. In the present study, the role ... ...

Abstract	Aortic stenosis (AS) leads to chronic pressure overload, cardiac remodeling and eventually heart failure. Chemokines and their receptors have been implicated in pressure overload‑induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. In the present study, the role of C‑C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) in pressure overload‑induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction was investigated in mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Cardiac levels of CCR5 and C‑C motif chemokine ligands (CCLs)3, 4 and 5 were determined by western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, respectively. Cardiac functional parameters were evaluated by echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements. Myocardial fibrosis was assessed by Masson's trichrome staining and α‑smooth muscle actin immunostaining. Myocardial hypertrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Angiotensin II (Ang II)‑induced hypertrophy of H9c2 cardiomyocytes was assessed by F‑actin immunostaining. ERK1/2 and P38 phosphorylation was examined by western blotting. TAC mice exhibited higher myocardial CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 and CCR5 levels compared with sham mice. Compared with sham mice, TAC mice also exhibited impaired cardiac function along with myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. TAC‑induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction were effectively ameliorated by administration of anti‑CCR5 but not by IgG control antibody. Mechanistically, increased ERK1/2 and P38 phosphorylation was detected in TAC hearts and Ang II‑stimulated H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Treatment with anti‑CCR5 antibody decreased ERK1/2 and P38 phosphorylation and attenuated Ang II‑induced H9c2 cell hypertrophy. CCR5 inhibition protected against pressure overload‑induced cardiac abnormality. The findings of the present study indicate that ERK1/2 and P38 signaling pathways may be involved in the cardioprotective effects of CCR5 inhibition.
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin II/pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic/surgery ; Cardiomyopathies/etiology ; Cardiomyopathies/metabolism ; Cardiomyopathies/pathology ; Cardiomyopathies/physiopathology ; Cell Line ; Chemokines, CC/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology ; Immunoglobulin G/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, CCR5/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ventricular Remodeling ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	CCR5 protein, mouse ; Chemokines, CC ; Immunoglobulin G ; Receptors, CCR5 ; Angiotensin II (11128-99-7) ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-17
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2469505-1
ISSN	1791-3004 ; 1791-2997
ISSN (online)	1791-3004
ISSN	1791-2997
DOI	10.3892/mmr.2020.11687
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of dual energy computed tomography iodine mapping within the myocardial blood pool for detection of acute myocardial infarction: correlation with histopathological findings in a porcine model.

Sun, Kai / Han, Ruijuan / Zhao, Ruiping / Bai, Shuancheng / Wang, Junyan / Hu, Jiang / Lu, Bin

The British journal of radiology

2018 Volume 91, Issue 1087, Page(s) 20170569

Abstract: Objective: We assessed the diagnostic value of "one-step" dual energy CT (DECT) in combination with coronary CT angiography and iodine mapping within the myocardial blood pool in detecting acute myocardial infarction (AMI).: Methods: Five minipigs ... ...

Abstract	Objective: We assessed the diagnostic value of "one-step" dual energy CT (DECT) in combination with coronary CT angiography and iodine mapping within the myocardial blood pool in detecting acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Five minipigs were subjected to transcatheter embolization of coronary artery with a gelatin sponge to induce AMI. Arterial-phase myocardial DECT imaging was carried out 1 h before and 24 h after embolism of the coronary. Color-coded iodine maps were used to evaluate myocardial blood pool deficits in the 17-segment model. Myocardial DECT imaging 24 h after MI induction was used for final comparison with post-mortem histology. Results: We found a sensitivity of 95.55% and a specificity of 95%, respectively, for AMI detection by DECT-based iodine mapping within the myocardial blood pool. The dose-length product values were 219.4 ± 60.9 mGy.cm (172-321 mGy.cm) and the effective radiation dose was 5.7 ± 1.5 mSv (4.4-8.3 mSv). Conclusion: This experimental study demonstrated that DECT-based iodine mapping shows a high value for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects in the first-pass myocardial perfusion. Hybrid heart images obtained by coronary CT angiography and DECT-based iodine mapping may yield valuable data and help clinicians accurately identify cases requiring further treatment after AMI. Advances in knowledge: This study demonstrated that DECT-based iodine mapping is a promising new technique for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects in the first-pass myocardial perfusion.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Contrast Media ; Coronary Angiography ; Disease Models, Animal ; Iohexol ; Myocardial Infarction/diagnostic imaging ; Myocardial Infarction/pathology ; Staining and Labeling ; Swine ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
Chemical Substances	Contrast Media ; Iohexol (4419T9MX03)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2982-8
ISSN	1748-880X ; 0007-1285
ISSN (online)	1748-880X
ISSN	0007-1285
DOI	10.1259/bjr.20170569
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Article ; Online: Electrophysiocardiogram: For the first time EPCG has been recorded on human body surface.

Chen, Gary / Yao, Lingling / Zhao, Ruiping / Zeng, Jianping / Liu, Ming

International journal of cardiology

2016 Volume 222, Page(s) 499–503

Abstract: Since ECG was invented in 1903, this is the first time in history that a full information multi-band and multi-linear electrophysiological cardiogram has been used to successfully scan and record on the human body surface. Since it is able to record ... ...

Abstract	Since ECG was invented in 1903, this is the first time in history that a full information multi-band and multi-linear electrophysiological cardiogram has been used to successfully scan and record on the human body surface. Since it is able to record various multi-band, multi-track linear electric signals of cardiac electrophysiological activities that correspond to different regions of the entire heart, it has thus been denominated as "electrophysiocardiogram" (EPCG). A traditional ECG is always represented by a characteristic wave form, which resembles a string. For a long period of time, ECG has had a lot of mysteries surrounding it, it maybe because ECG has a lot of mixed signals buried in such convolutionary forms, which limits the amount of the signals that are discernable and determinable. For the first time, the EPCG technology has allowed cardiac signals to be convoluted into the linear wave form, which is then processed through various new approaches featuring multiple frequency bands, multiple dimensions and multiple patterns, and consequentially recorded as the following types of signals within the ranges of P wave and T wave: multiple frequency band signals, signals of different regions and different locations, forward waves and negative waves. Therefore, EPCG may help to solve many puzzling scientific questions regarding heart, such as exactly how many electric signals are involved in heart excitation, pacing, conduction and action, as well as many other intriguing questions about heart, and thus would become a very helpful tool in clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Body Surface Potential Mapping/methods ; Bundle of His/physiology ; Electrocardiography/methods ; Electrophysiological Phenomena/physiology ; Heart Conduction System/physiology ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	779519-1
ISSN	1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
ISSN (online)	1874-1754
ISSN	0167-5273
DOI	10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.161
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Zs.A 1673: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Fuzhisan ameliorates Aβ production and tau phosphorylation in hippocampal of 11month old APP/PS1 transgenic mice: A Western blot study.

Zhang, Zhao-Xu / Zhao, Rui-Ping / Wang, De-Sheng / Wang, An-Ning

Experimental gerontology

2016 Volume 84, Page(s) 88–95

Abstract: Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide and deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau protein are two major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) is increasingly thought to play a pivotal role in the ... ...

Abstract	Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide and deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau protein are two major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) is increasingly thought to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AD, both as a regulator of the production of Aβ and through its well-established role on tau phosphorylation. The phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway plays an import role in neuronal survival and cognitive function, and is known as an upstream element of GSK3β. Fuzhisan (FZS), a Chinese herbal complex prescription, has been used for the treatment of AD for over 20years, and is known to enhance the cognitive ability in AD patients as well as in AD model rats. However, it still remains unclear whether FZS is responsible for regulation of PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling and contributes to subsequent down-regulation of Aβ and phosphorylated tau. Thus, we treated APP/PS1 transgenic mice, a useful model of AD-related memory impairment, with FZS by intragastrical administration for 60days and Donepezil was used as a positive control. The results showed that treatment with FZS significantly reversed the memory deficit in the Tg APP/PS1 mice in the Morris water maze test. Moreover, FZS significantly attenuated Aβ production through inhibition of APP procession and phosphorylation of tau in the hippocampus of Tg APP/PS1 mice. In addition, FZS treatment also increased PI3K and pSer473-AKT levels, inhibited GSK3β activity by increasing phosphorylation of GSK3β at Ser9. These results indicated that the memory ameliorating effect of FZS may be, in part, by regulation the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling which may contribute to down-regulation of Aβ and tau hyperphosphorylation.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3/metabolism ; Hippocampus/drug effects ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Indans/administration & dosage ; Male ; Memory Disorders/drug therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Piperidines/administration & dosage ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; tau Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Indans ; Piperidines ; fuzhisan ; tau Proteins ; donepezil (8SSC91326P) ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (EC 2.7.11.26)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390992-x
ISSN	1873-6815 ; 0531-5565
ISSN (online)	1873-6815
ISSN	0531-5565
DOI	10.1016/j.exger.2016.09.003
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Article ; Online: Fuzhisan Ameliorates the Memory Deficits in Aged SAMP8 Mice via Decreasing Aβ Production and Tau Hyperphosphorylation of the Hippocampus.

Zhang, Zhao-Xu / Zhao, Rui-Ping / Wang, De-Sheng / Li, Yan-Bing

Neurochemical research

2016 Volume 41, Issue 11, Page(s) 3074–3082

Abstract: The pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include extracellular neuritic plaques containing β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, a cleaved fragment of amyloid precursor protein (APP) via β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and ... ...

Abstract	The pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include extracellular neuritic plaques containing β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, a cleaved fragment of amyloid precursor protein (APP) via β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is increasingly thought to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AD, both as a regulator of the production of Aβ and through its well-established role as a tau kinase. Fuzhisan (FZS), a Chinese herbal complex prescription, has been used for the treatment AD for over 20 years, and is known to enhance the cognitive ability in AD patients as well as in AD model rats. To investigate mechanisms of AD and the potential therapy of FZS in AD, we treated senescence-accelerated mouse SAMP8 mice, a useful model of AD-related memory impairment, with FZS by intragastrical administration for 8 weeks and Donepizel was used as a positive control. The results showed that FZS (0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 g/kg/day) improved impaired cognitive ability of aged SAMP8 mice in a dose-dependent manner. FZS robustly decreased Aβ level and phosphorylation of tau. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the BACE1 level and phosphorylated APP (Thr668). Futhermore, The p25/Cdk5 pathway was markedly down-regulated by FZS treatment. These results indicated that the memory ameliorating effect of FZS may be, in part, by regulation the p25/Cdk5 pathway which may contribute to down-regulation of Aβ and tau hyperphosphorylation.
MeSH term(s)	Aging ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/biosynthesis ; Animals ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Down-Regulation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Hippocampus/drug effects ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Neurofibrillary Tangles/drug effects ; Neurofibrillary Tangles/metabolism ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; tau Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; fuzhisan ; tau Proteins ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	199335-5
ISSN	1573-6903 ; 0364-3190
ISSN (online)	1573-6903
ISSN	0364-3190
DOI	10.1007/s11064-016-2028-4
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