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Article ; Online: First Report of Leaf Spot on Pecan Caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum in China

Zheng, X. R. / Chen, J. J.

Plant Disease. 2023 July 01, v. 107, no. 7 p.2241-

2023

Abstract: Pecan (Carya illinoinensis K. Koch) is an important and widely planted nut tree species in Jiangsu Province, China (Mo et al. 2018). In July 2020, leaf spot symptoms were frequently observed on pecan in Jurong, Jiangsu Province (32°1′6″N, 119°15′36″E). ... ...

Abstract	Pecan (Carya illinoinensis K. Koch) is an important and widely planted nut tree species in Jiangsu Province, China (Mo et al. 2018). In July 2020, leaf spot symptoms were frequently observed on pecan in Jurong, Jiangsu Province (32°1′6″N, 119°15′36″E). Disease incidences ranged from 40 to 65% among 150 mature pecan trees from three nurseries. The disease severity index (Jiang et al. 2019) reached 58.4. Symptoms began as small brown spots scattered on leaves that gradually expanded to large, circular to irregular black and brown necrotic lesions. In severe cases, lesions developed on large portions of a single leaf, and eventually the dead leaves fell from the trees. Three monoconidial isolates (JSAFC2346, JSAFC2347, and JSAFC2348) were isolated from lesion margins and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Colonies on PDA were white and cottony, later becoming light gray with abundant reproductive structures. Sporangiophores were aseptate, hyaline, unbranched, and apically dilated to form a clavate vesicle, which produced sporangia. Sporangia were globular to ellipsoid, brown to dark brown, 103 to 128 μm in length, and 88 to 114 μm in width (n = 30). Sporangiola were brown, ellipsoid to ovoid, with longitudinal striae, and 13.9 to 18.8 × 7.9 to 10.8 μm (n = 60). The morphological characteristics of these isolates agreed with descriptions of Choanephora cucurbitarum (Kirk 1984). Genomic DNA of these three monoconidial isolates was extracted, and the partial sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) of rDNA were amplified using primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990) and LR0R/LR7 (Vilgalys and Hester 1990), respectively. The consensus sequences (GenBank accession nos.: OP315248 to OP315250 for ITS and OP315251 to OP315253 for LSU) were aligned using BLASTn and showed 100% identity with the sequences from C. cucurbitarum found in GenBank (accession nos.: MF942131 for ITS and ON025788 for LSU). To further confirm the identity, a phylogenetic analysis was performed with MEGA (v.7.0) and MrBayes (v.3.1.2) software, using the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, respectively. The multigene phylogeny revealed that the three isolates in this study as well as a C. cucurbitarum specimen clustered as a strongly supported monophyletic group (99 bootstrap value; 0.95 posterior probabilities). Based on the morphological and molecular data, the isolates were identified as C. cucurbitarum. To confirm pathogenicity, healthy pecan seedlings (2 years old) were inoculated with a mycelial block (3 × 3 mm) excised from the margin of a colony on the vein of each leaf. Seedlings treated with noncolonized PDA blocks were used as controls. The inoculated seedlings were maintained in sterile plastic boxes with moistened sheets of filter paper at 25 ± 1°C and a 12-h photoperiod. Fifteen leaves per isolate were tested for each treatment. The experiment was repeated twice. Three days after inoculation, symptoms similar to those in the field appeared, whereas the control leaves remained symptomless. Subsequently, C. cucurbitarum was reisolated from the lesions and morphologically identified, confirming Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. cucurbitarum causing leaf spot on C. illinoinensis in China. This study provides a foundation to further investigate the biology, epidemiology, and management of this disease.
Keywords	Bayesian theory ; Carya illinoinensis ; Choanephora cucurbitarum ; DNA ; computer software ; culture media ; disease severity ; internal transcribed spacers ; leaf spot ; leaves ; monophyly ; mycelium ; pathogenicity ; pecans ; sporangia ; statistical analysis ; trees ; China ; pathogen detection ; tropical plants
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0701
Publishing place	The American Phytopathological Society
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-09-22-2240-PDN
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: RNA sequencing analysis of the longissimus dorsi to identify candidate genes underlying the intramuscular fat content in Anqing Six-end-white pigs.

Wang, Y L / Hou, Y H / Ling, Z J / Zhao, H L / Zheng, X R / Zhang, X D / Yin, Z J / Ding, Y Y

Animal genetics

2023 Volume 54, Issue 3, Page(s) 315–327

Abstract: Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a significant marker for pork quality. The Anqing Six-end-white pig has the characteristics of high meat quality and IMF content. Owing to the influence of European commercial pigs and a late start in resource conservation, the ...

Abstract	Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a significant marker for pork quality. The Anqing Six-end-white pig has the characteristics of high meat quality and IMF content. Owing to the influence of European commercial pigs and a late start in resource conservation, the IMF content within local populations varies between individuals. This study analyzed the longissimus dorsi transcriptome of purebred Anqing Six-end-white pigs with varying IMF content to recognize differentially expressed genes. We identified 1528 differentially expressed genes between the pigs with high (H) and low (L) IMF content. Based on these data, 1775 Gene Ontology terms were significantly enriched, including lipid metabolism, modification and storage, and regulation of lipid biosynthesis. Pathway analysis revealed 79 significantly enriched pathways, including the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the L group had increased the expression of genes related to ribosome function. Additionally, the protein-protein interaction network analyses revealed that VEGFA, KDR, LEP, IRS1, IGF1R, FLT1 and FLT4 were promising candidate genes associated with the IMF content. Our study identified the candidate genes and pathways involved in IMF deposition and lipid metabolism and provides data for developing local pig germplasm resources.
MeSH term(s)	Swine ; Animals ; Transcriptome ; Sequence Analysis, RNA
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632766-7
ISSN	1365-2052 ; 0268-9146 ; 0268-9154
ISSN (online)	1365-2052
ISSN	0268-9146 ; 0268-9154
DOI	10.1111/age.13308
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Article: [Effect of HBV DNA load on the safety and prognosis of systematic therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma].

Zheng, X R / Peng, J X / Song, X / Liu, B / Zhong, C / Chen, X Y / Zhang, B X / Peng, L / Zhu, K S / Xie, C

Zhonghua yi xue za zhi

2024 Volume 104, Issue 14, Page(s) 1160–1167

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; DNA, Viral/pharmacology ; DNA, Viral/therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms/therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics ; Prognosis ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	DNA, Viral ; Antiviral Agents
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2024-04-07
Publishing country	China
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	132513-9
ISSN	0376-2491
ISSN	0376-2491
DOI	10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231110-01055
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Article ; Online: RNA sequencing analysis of the longissimus dorsi to identify candidate genes underlying the intramuscular fat content in Anqing Six‐end‐white pigs

Wang, Y. L. / Hou, Y. H. / Ling, Z. J. / Zhao, H. L. / Zheng, X. R. / Zhang, X. D. / Yin, Z. J. / Ding, Y. Y.

Animal Genetics. 2023 June, v. 54, no. 3 p.315-327

2023

Abstract: Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a significant marker for pork quality. The Anqing Six‐end‐white pig has the characteristics of high meat quality and IMF content. Owing to the influence of European commercial pigs and a late start in resource conservation, the ...

Abstract	Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a significant marker for pork quality. The Anqing Six‐end‐white pig has the characteristics of high meat quality and IMF content. Owing to the influence of European commercial pigs and a late start in resource conservation, the IMF content within local populations varies between individuals. This study analyzed the longissimus dorsi transcriptome of purebred Anqing Six‐end‐white pigs with varying IMF content to recognize differentially expressed genes. We identified 1528 differentially expressed genes between the pigs with high (H) and low (L) IMF content. Based on these data, 1775 Gene Ontology terms were significantly enriched, including lipid metabolism, modification and storage, and regulation of lipid biosynthesis. Pathway analysis revealed 79 significantly enriched pathways, including the Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor and mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the L group had increased the expression of genes related to ribosome function. Additionally, the protein–protein interaction network analyses revealed that VEGFA, KDR, LEP, IRS1, IGF1R, FLT1 and FLT4 were promising candidate genes associated with the IMF content. Our study identified the candidate genes and pathways involved in IMF deposition and lipid metabolism and provides data for developing local pig germplasm resources.
Keywords	RNA ; animal genetics ; biosynthesis ; gene expression regulation ; gene ontology ; genes ; germplasm ; intramuscular fat ; lipid metabolism ; lipids ; longissimus muscle ; mitogen-activated protein kinase ; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ; pork quality ; protein-protein interactions ; purebreds ; ribosomes ; swine ; transcriptome
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-06
Size	p. 315-327.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	632766-7
ISSN	1365-2052 ; 0268-9146 ; 0268-9154
ISSN (online)	1365-2052
ISSN	0268-9146 ; 0268-9154
DOI	10.1111/age.13308
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: First Report of Leaf Spot on American Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) Caused by Corynespora cassiicola in China

Mao, Y. F. / Zheng, X. R. / Chen, F. M.

Plant disease. 2021 Nov. 30, v. 105, no. 11

2021

Abstract: American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) is a forest plant native to North America, which has been introduced into other countries due to its ornamental and medicinal values. In June 2019, symptoms of leaf spot on sweetgum were observed in a field ( ...

Abstract	American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) is a forest plant native to North America, which has been introduced into other countries due to its ornamental and medicinal values. In June 2019, symptoms of leaf spot on sweetgum were observed in a field (5 ha) located in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. In this field, approximately 45% of 1,000 trees showed the same symptoms. Symptoms were observed showing irregular or circular dark brown necrotic lesions approximately 5 to 15 mm in diameter with a yellowish margin on the leaves. To isolate the pathogen, diseased leaf sections (4 × 4 mm) were excised from the margin of the lesion, surface-sterilized with 0.1% NaOCl for 90 s, rinsed four times in sterile distilled water, air dried, and transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium at 25°C in the dark. Pure cultures were obtained by monospore isolation after subculture. Ten purified isolates, named FXI to FXR, were transferred to fresh PDA and incubated as above to allow for morphological and molecular identification. After 7 days, aerial mycelium was abundant, fluffy, and exhibited white to grayish-green coloration. The conidia were dark brown or olive, solitary or produced in chains, obclavate, with one to 15 pseudosepta, and measured 45 to 200 µm × 10 to 18 µm. Based on morphological features, these 10 isolates were identified as Corynespora cassiicola (Ellis 1971). Genomic DNA of each isolate was extracted from mycelia using the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method. The EF-1α gene and ITS region were amplified and sequenced with the primer pairs rDNA ITS primers (ITS4/ITS5) (White et al. 1990) and EF1-728F/EF-986R (Carbone and Kohn 1999), respectively. The sequences were deposited in GenBank. BLAST analysis revealed that the ITS sequence had 99.66% similarity to C. cassiicola MH255527 and that the EF-1α sequence had 100% similarity to C. cassiicola KX429668A. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis based on EF-1α and ITS sequences using MEGA 7 revealed that 10 isolates were placed in the same clade as C. cassiicola (isolate: XQ3-1; accession numbers: MH572687 and MH569606, respectively) at 98% bootstrap support. Based on the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, all isolates were identified as C. cassiicola. For the pathogenicity test, a 10 µl conidial suspension (1 × 10⁵ spores/ml) of each isolate was dripped onto healthy leaves of 2-year-old sweetgum potted seedlings. Leaves inoculated with sterile water served as controls. Three plants (three leaves per plant) were used for each treatment. The experiment was repeated twice. All seedlings were enclosed in plastic transparent incubators to maintain high relative humidity (90 to 100%) and incubated in a greenhouse at 25°C with a 12-h photoperiod. After 10 days, leaves inoculated with conidial suspension of each isolate showed symptoms of leaf spots, similar to those observed in the field. Control plants remained healthy. In order to reisolate the pathogen, surface-sterilized and monosporic isolation was conducted as described above. The same fungus was reisolated from the lesions of symptomatic leaves, and its identity was confirmed by molecular and morphological approaches, thus fulfilling Koch’s postulates. Chlorothalonil and boscalid can be used to effectively control Corynespora leaf spot (Chairin et al. 2017). To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot caused by C. cassiicola on L. styraciflua in China.
Keywords	Corynespora cassiicola ; Liquidambar styraciflua ; air ; boscalid ; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ; chlorothalonil ; color ; conidia ; culture media ; forests ; fungi ; genes ; greenhouses ; leaf spot ; leaves ; mycelium ; olives ; pathogenicity ; pathogens ; phylogeny ; relative humidity ; statistical analysis ; China ; North America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1130
Publishing place	The American Phytopathological Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-08-20-1842-PDN
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: First Report of Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Stemphylium eturmiunum on American Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) in China

Mao, Y. F. / Jin, L. / Chen, H. Y. / Zheng, X. R. / Wang, M. J. / Chen, F. M.

Plant disease. 2021 May 15, v. 105, no. 05

2021

Abstract: American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) is an important tree for landscaping and wood processing. In recent years, leaf spots on American sweetgum with disease incidence of about 53% were observed in about 1,200 full-grown plants in a field (about ...

Abstract	American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) is an important tree for landscaping and wood processing. In recent years, leaf spots on American sweetgum with disease incidence of about 53% were observed in about 1,200 full-grown plants in a field (about 8 ha) located in Pizhou, Jiangsu Province, China. Initially, dense reddish-brown spots appeared on both old and new leaves. Later, the spots expanded into dark brown lesions with yellow halos. Symptomatic leaf samples from different trees were collected and processed in the laboratory. For pathogen isolation, leaf sections (4 × 4 mm) removed from the lesion margin were surface sterilized with 75% ethanol for 20 s and then sterilized in 2% NaOCl for 30 s, rinsed three times in sterile distilled water, and incubated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C in the darkness. After 5 days of cultivation, the pure culture was obtained by single-spore separation. Six isolate samples from different leaves named FXA1 to FXA6 shared nearly identical morphological features. The isolate FXA1 (codes CFCC 54675) was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection. On the PDA, the colonies were light yellow with dense mycelium, rough margin, and reverse brownish yellow. Conidiophores (23 to 35 × 6 to 10 µm) (n = 60) were solitary, straight to flexuous. Conidia (19 to 34 × 10 to 21 µm) (n = 60) were single, muriform, oblong, mid- to deep brown, with one to six transverse septa. These morphological characteristics resemble Stemphylium eturmiunum (Simmons 2001). Genomic DNA was extracted from mycelium following the CTAB method. The ITS region, gapdh, and cmdA genes were amplified and sequenced with the primers ITS5/ITS4 (Woudenberg et al. 2017), gpd1/gpd2 (Berbee et al. 1999), and CALDF1/CALDR2 (Lawrence et al. 2013), respectively. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, gapdh, and cmdA (accession nos. MT898502 to MT898507, MT902342 to MT902347, and MT902336 to MT902341) sequences using MEGA 7.0 revealed that the isolates were placed in the same clade as S. eturmiunum with 98% bootstrap support. All seedlings for pathogenicity tests were enclosed in plastic transparent incubators to maintain high relative humidity (90 to 100%) and incubated in a greenhouse at 25°C with a 12-h photoperiod. For pathogenicity testing, the conidial suspension (10⁵ spores/ml) of each isolate was sprayed respectively onto healthy leaves of L. styraciflua potted seedlings (2 years old, three replicate plants per isolate). As a control, three seedlings were sprayed with sterile distilled water. After 7 days, dense reddish-brown spots were observed on all inoculated leaves. In another set of tests, healthy plants (three leaves per plant, three replicate plants per isolate) were wound inoculated with mycelial plugs (4 × 4 mm) and inoculated with sterile PDA plugs as a control. After 7 days, brown lesions with a light yellow halo were observed on all inoculation sites with the mycelial plugs. Controls remained asymptomatic in the entire experiment. The pathogen was reisolated from symptomatic tissues and identified as S. eturmiunum but was not recovered from the control. The experiment was repeated twice with the similar results, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. S. eturmiunum had been reported on tomato (Andersen et al. 2004), wheat (Poursafar et al. 2016), and garlic (Fu et al. 2019) but not on woody plant leaves. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. eturmiunum causing leaf spot on L. styraciflua in the world. This disease poses a potential threat to American sweetgum and wheat in Pizhou.
Keywords	DNA ; Liquidambar styraciflua ; Stemphylium ; conidia ; conidiophores ; culture media ; disease incidence ; ethanol ; garlic ; greenhouses ; leaf spot ; leaves ; mycelium ; pathogenicity ; pathogens ; phylogeny ; relative humidity ; statistical analysis ; tomatoes ; trees ; wheat ; wood ; woody plants ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0515
Publishing place	The American Phytopathological Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-09-20-1877-PDN
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: First Report of Wilt of European Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) Caused by Fusarium oxysporum in China

Mao, Y. F. / Chen, H. Y. / Jin, L. / Wang, M. J. / Zheng, X. R. / Chen, F. M.

Plant disease. 2021 Nov. 30, v. 105, no. 11

2021

Abstract: European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) has been used as an important ornamental species for urban landscaping since the Italian Renaissance (Rocchi et al. 2010). In May 2019, 15% of 3,000 C. betulus trees with wilted leaves and root rot were observed in ...

Abstract	European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) has been used as an important ornamental species for urban landscaping since the Italian Renaissance (Rocchi et al. 2010). In May 2019, 15% of 3,000 C. betulus trees with wilted leaves and root rot were observed in a field (about 26 ha) in Pizhou, Jiangsu Province, China. Internal discoloration of the stem began with brown to black discoloration of the vascular system and gradually spread to inward areas. Roots and stems from symptomatic plants were washed free of soil, surface sterilized with 0.8% NaOCl, rinsed three times in sterile H₂O, and blotted dry with a paper towel. Small segments (0.5 cm long) were cut from the discolored vascular tissues and then put on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C in darkness. After 4 days, fungal colonies were observed on the PDA. Pure cultures were obtained by monosporic isolation, and nine morphologically similar fungal isolates (EJ-1 to EJ-9) were obtained. All purified cultures were incubated on PDA at 25°C in darkness as the initial isolation. Colonies of the nine isolates on PDA displayed entire margins and showed abundant pink aerial mycelia initially and turned to light violet with age. Microconidia were elliptical or oval in shape, zero septate, and (5.2 to) 8.7 (to 12.5) × (3.5 to) 3.6 (to 5.5) µm. Macroconidia were falciform, zero to four septate, straight to slightly curved with a notched foot cell, and (17.1 to) 20.5 (to 28.4) × (3.8 to) 4.1 (to 4.6) µm. These morphological characteristics resemble Fusarium oxysporum (Leslie and Summerell 2006). Genomic DNA of each isolate was extracted from mycelia using a CTAB method (Möller et al. 1992). The RPB2, TEF1, and cmdA genes were amplified and sequenced with the primers 5f2/7c (Liu et al. 1999), EF-1Ha/EF-2Tb (Carbone and Kohn 1999), and Cal228F/CAL2Rd (Groenewald et al. 2013), respectively. The sequences were deposited in GenBank. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis based on RPB2, TEF1, and cmdA sequences using MEGA7 revealed that the isolates were placed in the F. oxysporum species complex with 98% bootstrap support. Based on the morphological and molecular characters, all nine isolates were identified as F. oxysporum. A pathogenicity experiment was conducted using thirty 2-year-old C. betulus seedlings potted in sterile peat: 27 for inoculation (three replicate plants per isolate) and three for a negative control. The treated plants were planted in the peat mixed with 50 ml of a conidial suspension of each isolate, respectively. The negative control was inoculated with sterilized water. Conidia were harvested from colonized plates of PDA using sterilized water and adjusted to a concentration of 1 × 10⁷ conidia/ml. All 30 seedlings were incubated in a greenhouse at 25°C with a relative humidity of 80% and a 12-h photoperiod. The inoculated seedlings displayed wilt symptoms within 30 to 40 days, and they eventually died within 75 to 85 days after inoculation. Control plants remained symptomless. F. oxysporum was successfully reisolated from the vascular tissues of symptomatic plants, and sequences of RPB2, TEF1, and cmdA of reisolates matched those of the original isolates. No pathogen was isolated from the tissues of control plants. The experiment was repeated twice with similar results, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. F. oxysporum is an important soilborne pathogen and can cause disease in many economically important plants, such as yellowwood (Graney et al. 2017), hickory (Zhang et al. 2015), and larch (Hassan et al. 2019). To our knowledge, this is the first report of wilt on C. betulus caused by F. oxysporum in China.
Keywords	Carpinus betulus ; Carya ; DNA ; Fusarium oxysporum ; Larix ; conidia ; culture media ; discoloration ; fungi ; greenhouses ; mycelium ; pathogenicity ; pathogens ; peat ; phylogeny ; relative humidity ; root rot ; roots ; soil ; statistical analysis ; tissue paper ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1130
Publishing place	The American Phytopathological Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2617-PDN
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: [Study on the correlation between prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis B under interferon treatment and polymorphism of both calcitonin gene related peptide and receptor activity modifying protein 1].

Zhang, L / Zhou, L / Gao, X / Zheng, X R / Yang, M R / Zhang, N / Yang, G / Liu, W X

Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi

2020 Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 924–928

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
MeSH term(s)	Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/genetics ; China ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/genetics ; Humans ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prognosis ; Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1/genetics
Chemical Substances	Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1 ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (JHB2QIZ69Z)
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2020-06-21
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	645026-x
ISSN	0254-6450
ISSN	0254-6450
DOI	10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190722-00540
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Article: First Report of Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Colletotrichum tropicale on Ficus binnendijkii var. variegata in China

Kong, W. L / Sun, X. R / Wang, Q. H / Wu, S. H / Wu, X. Q / Ye, J. N / Zheng, X. R

Plant disease. 2020 Feb., v. 104, no. 2

2020

Abstract: In late January 2019, a population of Ficus binnendijkii var. variegata, used as a horticultural cultivar throughout tropical and subtropical regions, was found with leaf spot disease at a 96% infection rate, causing a loss of their ornamental value. The ...

Abstract	In late January 2019, a population of Ficus binnendijkii var. variegata, used as a horticultural cultivar throughout tropical and subtropical regions, was found with leaf spot disease at a 96% infection rate, causing a loss of their ornamental value. The F. binnendijkii var. variegata plants were growing in a park near a creek in Fuzhou, Fujian, China (26°01′53′′N, 119°14′42′′E). Lesions initially appeared along the margin of the leaves and were subcircular or irregularly shaped, brown to black, water-soaked, and sunken. The black lesions enlarged and coalesced into large necrotic areas. Later, the middle parts of the lesions became grayish white and often had irregular fine wrinkles. To isolate the pathogen, leaf sections (5 × 5 mm) from symptomatic plants were surface sterilized with 75% alcohol for 1 min and 2% NaClO for 30 s, rinsed four times in sterile distilled water, and then incubated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates amended with 50 μg/ml of ampicillin at 25°C in darkness. Pure cultures were obtained by monosporic isolation; the colony of a representative isolate, FJ-A5, growing on PDA was initially grayish white and appeared slightly cottony. After 10 to 14 days, the cultures turned gray to grayish-black with orange conidial masses. The conidia were hyaline, aseptate, fusiform with both ends rounded or obtuse at one end, and were in the range of 15.7 to 18.2 × 4.6 to 6.4 μm (n = 50). The appressoria were brown to dark brown, ovoid to clavate, slightly irregular to irregular, and were in the range of 6.9 to 9.4 × 5.3 to 6.6 μm (n = 50). These morphological characteristics are consistent with species in the Colletotrichum genus (Prihastuti et al. 2009). Genomic DNA was extracted from the representative isolate FJ-A5, and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), chitin synthase (CHS-1), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), calmodulin (CAL), and actin (ACT) genes were amplified with the primers described in Weir et al. (2012). The obtained sequences showed 97 to 100% similarity with those from C. tropicale accessions in GenBank. The sequences from this isolate were deposited in GenBank under the following accession numbers: ITS, MK790630; ACT, MK796811; CAL, MK796812; CHS-1, MK796813; GAPDH, MK796814; and SOD2, MK796815. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was generated by combining all sequenced loci in MEGA7. The isolate FJ-A5 clustered in the C. tropicale clade with 99% bootstrap support. To confirm pathogenicity, 10 detached healthy leaves and five 1-year-old F. binnendijkii var. variegata plants were inoculated by excising 5-mm mycelial plugs from a 7-day-old colony grown on PDA and placing them on the adaxial surfaces of leaves. As a control treatment, five additional detached leaves and potted seedlings were inoculated with 5-mm PDA plugs without mycelia. All plants were covered with clear polyethylene bags and incubated in a growth chamber at 25°C, 70% relative humidity, and a 12-h light/dark cycle, and disease development was monitored daily. The experiment was performed twice. Seven days after inoculation, the symptoms were similar to those on the original infected plants, whereas the control leaves remained asymptomatic. The same fungus was reisolated from the lesions, confirming Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. tropicale associated with leaf spot disease on F. binnendijkii var. variegata in China. This study provides the foundation to further investigate the biology, epidemiology, and management of this disease.
Keywords	actin ; alcohols ; ampicillin ; appressoria ; bags ; calmodulin ; chitin synthase ; Colletotrichum ; conidia ; cultivars ; culture media ; DNA ; DNA primers ; Ficus ; fungi ; genes ; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ; growth chambers ; horticulture ; internal transcribed spacers ; leaf spot ; leaves ; loci ; mycelium ; ornamental value ; pathogenicity ; pathogens ; photoperiod ; phylogeny ; polyethylene ; polymerase chain reaction ; relative humidity ; seedlings ; sodium hypochlorite ; streams ; subtropics ; superoxide dismutase ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-02
Size	p. 585.
Publishing place	Plant Disease
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-04-19-0834-PDN
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: [Status of seroepidemiology of hepatitis A, B and C in primary and middle school students in Shufu county, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China].

Zhang, Z B / Xue, Z X / Han, Z G / Yang, Q Y / Zheng, X R / Zulipikaer, Tuerhong / Wang, M

Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi

2016 Volume 37, Issue 12, Page(s) 1592–1595

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
MeSH term(s)	China ; Female ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis A Vaccines ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis C ; Humans ; Male ; Schools ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Students ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Hepatitis A Vaccines ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2016-12-10
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	645026-x
ISSN	0254-6450
ISSN	0254-6450
DOI	10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.12.008
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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