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Article ; Online: Patient-specific three-dimensional printing in cardiovascular disease

Zhonghua Sun

Australasian Medical Journal , Vol 13, Iss 4, Pp 136-

2020 Volume 141

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become a widely used technique showing great promise in medical applications. In recent years, patient-specific 3D printed models are shown to play an important role in the domain of cardiovascular disease, ranging ... ...

Abstract	Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become a widely used technique showing great promise in medical applications. In recent years, patient-specific 3D printed models are shown to play an important role in the domain of cardiovascular disease, ranging from medical education to presurgical planning and simulation of complex cardiovascular procedures, as well as development of optimal computed tomography (CT) imaging protocols. This review article provides a summary of the current applications of using 3D printed cardiovascular models with future research directions highlighted.
Keywords	cardiovascular disease ; coronary artery ; heart ; model ; protocol ; three-dimensional printing ; visualisation ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Australasian Medical Journal pty ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Clinical Applications of Patient-Specific 3D Printed Models in Cardiovascular Disease

Zhonghua Sun

Biomolecules, Vol 10, Iss 1577, p

Current Status and Future Directions

2020 Volume 1577

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been increasingly used in medicine with applications in many different fields ranging from orthopaedics and tumours to cardiovascular disease. Realistic 3D models can be printed with different materials to replicate ... ...

Abstract	Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been increasingly used in medicine with applications in many different fields ranging from orthopaedics and tumours to cardiovascular disease. Realistic 3D models can be printed with different materials to replicate anatomical structures and pathologies with high accuracy. 3D printed models generated from medical imaging data acquired with computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound augment the understanding of complex anatomy and pathology, assist preoperative planning and simulate surgical or interventional procedures to achieve precision medicine for improvement of treatment outcomes, train young or junior doctors to gain their confidence in patient management and provide medical education to medical students or healthcare professionals as an effective training tool. This article provides an overview of patient-specific 3D printed models with a focus on the applications in cardiovascular disease including: 3D printed models in congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, pulmonary embolism, aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection, and aortic valvular disease. Clinical value of the patient-specific 3D printed models in these areas is presented based on the current literature, while limitations and future research in 3D printing including bioprinting of cardiovascular disease are highlighted.
Keywords	3D printing ; computed tomography ; image processing ; medicine ; model ; segmentation ; Microbiology ; QR1-502
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Personalized three-dimensional printed coronary artery models for accurate assessment of coronary stenosis using high resolution imaging modality

Zhonghua Sun

Australasian Medical Journal , Vol 12, Iss 4, Pp 105-

2019 Volume 109

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing shows great potential in the medical field with a wide range of clinical applications. 3D printed models based on patient’s imaging data are reported to develop optimal visualization of coronary plaques and accurate ... ...

Abstract	Three-dimensional (3D) printing shows great potential in the medical field with a wide range of clinical applications. 3D printed models based on patient’s imaging data are reported to develop optimal visualization of coronary plaques and accurate assessment of coronary stenosis caused by extensive calcification. This editorial highlights the usefulness of personalized 3D printed coronary models for determination of coronary stenosis using high resolution synchrotron radiation technique. Ultra-high synchrotron radiation CT images were reconstructed with slice thicknesses between 0.095 and 0.491 mm to study the effect of different spatial resolutions on assessment of coronary stenosis. Intraluminal plaque appearances were also visualized and compared between different coronary CT protocols.
Keywords	Assessment ; coronary artery disease ; coronary plaque ; model ; three-dimensional printing ; visualization ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Australasian Medical Journal pty ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the Relationship between Left Coronary Artery Bifurcation Angle and Coronary Artery Disease

Jade Geerlings-Batt / Zhonghua Sun

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 5143, p

A Systematic Review

2022 Volume 5143

Abstract: Recent studies have suggested a relationship between wide left coronary artery bifurcation (left anterior descending [LAD]-left circumflex [LCx]) angle and coronary artery disease (CAD). Current literature is multifaceted. Different studies have analysed ...

Abstract	Recent studies have suggested a relationship between wide left coronary artery bifurcation (left anterior descending [LAD]-left circumflex [LCx]) angle and coronary artery disease (CAD). Current literature is multifaceted. Different studies have analysed this relationship using computational fluid dynamics, by considering CAD risk factors, and from simple causal-comparative and correlational perspectives. Hence, the purpose of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the current literature and determine whether there is sufficient evidence available to prove the relationship between LAD-LCx angle and CAD. Five electronic databases (ProQuest, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, and Emcare) were used to locate relevant texts, which were then screened according to predefined eligibility criteria. Thirteen eligible articles were selected for review. Current evidence suggests individuals with a wide LAD-LCx angle experience altered haemodynamics at the bifurcation site compared to those with narrower angles, which likely facilitates a predisposition to developing CAD. However, further research is required to determine causality regarding relationships between LAD-LCx angle and CAD risk factors. Insufficient valid evidence exists to support associations between LAD-LCx angle and degree of coronary stenosis, and future haemodynamic analyses should explore more accurate coronary artery modelling, as well as CAD progression in already stenosed bifurcations.
Keywords	coronary computed tomography angiography ; coronary artery disease ; coronary artery bifurcation ; atherosclerosis ; coronary stenosis ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The impact of COVID‐19 on Western Australian medical imaging clinical practice and workplace

Chloe Dann / Zhonghua Sun

Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences, Vol 69, Iss 3, Pp 299-

2022 Volume 308

Abstract: Abstract Introduction Medical imaging plays a key role in the management of patients with coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19). This field is at risk from the impacts of the pandemic on the practice and workplace of medical imaging professionals (MIPs). ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Introduction Medical imaging plays a key role in the management of patients with coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19). This field is at risk from the impacts of the pandemic on the practice and workplace of medical imaging professionals (MIPs). Recent research has explored this impact internationally and in various states of Australia; however, the impact of the pandemic on Western Australian (WA) MIPs is yet to be examined. Methods This cross‐sectional study aimed to address this issue by surveying clinically practicing WA MIPs on their experience of the impact of COVID‐19. The survey was conducted online between the 1st and the 31st of May 2021 and encompassed 101 clinical sites. Results Fifty‐one valid (17.1%) responses were recorded, and a majority (66.7%) of the participants were employed in public hospitals. The results showed that most participants (94.1%) perceived an impact on their clinical practice, with expressions of insufficient access to personal protective equipment (PPE). The use of all the appropriate PPE items were dependent on whether the participants were employed in a public hospital, private hospital, or a private practice (P = 0.001). Perceived imaging volume decrease across modalities did not differ significantly among the workplaces, except for interventional radiology (P = 0.006). The participants also expressed concerns about inadequate psychological support. Conclusions COVID‐19 has enhanced infection control procedures and modified the routine imaging patterns. Specifically, WA medical imaging centres have altered their PPE and cleaning procedures based on updated health advice. Efforts should be taken to strengthen the support provided to the staff members and to ensure adequate access to PPE supplies.
Keywords	Australia ; COVID‐19 ; infection control ; medical imaging ; professionals ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Application of Eye-Tracking Technology in the Assessment of Radiology Practices

Elizabeth Arthur / Zhonghua Sun

Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 16, p

A Systematic Review

2022 Volume 8267

Abstract: The aim of this review is to provide an in-depth analysis of literature pertaining to the use of eye-tracking equipment in the evaluation of radiological image interpretation by professionals in clinical practice. A systematic search of current ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this review is to provide an in-depth analysis of literature pertaining to the use of eye-tracking equipment in the evaluation of radiological image interpretation by professionals in clinical practice. A systematic search of current literature was conducted through the databases of CINAHL, Medline, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library. A total of 25 articles were included in the final analysis. The literature gathered referenced four main discussions, which were competency assessment, educational tools, visual search behaviour and assistive aid evaluations. The majority of articles (68%) referenced to the competency assessment of professional groups yet appeared to have conflicting results within the categories of speed and eye-metrics. Significant conclusions could be made pertaining to confidence (100%) and accuracy measurements (56%), which suggested a background of higher experience correlates to a higher rate of accuracy and a higher confidence level. Other findings regarding the main themes focused on eye-tracking as an educational tool, where the literature suggests that such equipment may be useful in improving educational repertoire and interpretation technique. Literature pertaining to the visual search behaviour analysis and the evaluation of assistive aids did not provide strong conclusions due to research limitations. Whilst the use of eye-tracking in the analysis of radiological practices is a promising new venture to quantify the interpretation patterns of professionals, undertaking future research is recommended to solidify conclusions and provide greater insight.
Keywords	eye-tracking ; radiographic interpretation ; healthcare interpretation patterns ; medical assessment ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	302
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Investigation of the Relationship between Right Coronary Artery–Aorta Angle and Coronary Artery Disease and Associated Risk Factors

Jade Geerlings-Batt / Ashu Gupta / Zhonghua Sun

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 1051, p

2023 Volume 1051

Abstract: At the level of the left coronary artery tree, there is evidence showing an association between bifurcation angle and coronary artery disease (CAD), and this motivated us to explore similar associations at the level of the right coronary artery (RCA). ... ...

Abstract	At the level of the left coronary artery tree, there is evidence showing an association between bifurcation angle and coronary artery disease (CAD), and this motivated us to explore similar associations at the level of the right coronary artery (RCA). The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between RCA–aorta angle and CAD and age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, and high blood cholesterol. The coronary computed tomography angiography datasets and CAD risk factor checklists of 250 patients were retrospectively reviewed, with RCA–aorta angles measured via multiplanar reformation images. Independent t -tests were used to compare mean RCA–aorta angle measurements between groups, correlations between continuous variables were assessed using Pearson and Spearman correlations, and a general linear model was used to adjust for potentially confounding variables. Coronary angle measurements were conducted by two independent assessors with very strong intraclass correlation ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.999</mn><mo>,</mo><mtext> </mtext><mi>p</mi><mo><</mo><mn>0.001</mn></mrow></semantics></math> ). A significantly smaller mean RCA–aorta angle was observed in the CAD group (79.07 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mo>±</mo></semantics></math> 24.88°) compared to the normal group (92.08 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></semantics></math> 19.51°, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.001</mn></mrow></semantics></math> ), in ...
Keywords	coronary computed tomography angiography ; coronary artery disease ; disease risk factors ; right coronary artery ; right coronary artery-aorta junction ; atherosclerosis ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	511
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An Intelligent Measurement Method and System for Vehicle Passing Angles

Jiaping Chen / Kebin Jia / Zhiju Wang / Zhonghua Sun

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 6677, p

2023 Volume 6677

Abstract: Vehicle passing angles are critical metrics for evaluating the geometric passability of vehicles. The accurate measurement of these angles is essential for route planning in complex terrain and in guiding the production of specialized vehicles. However, ... ...

Abstract	Vehicle passing angles are critical metrics for evaluating the geometric passability of vehicles. The accurate measurement of these angles is essential for route planning in complex terrain and in guiding the production of specialized vehicles. However, the current measurement methods cannot meet the requirements of efficiency, convenience and robustness. This paper presents a novel measurement method by building and measuring the point cloud of a vehicle chassis. Based on this method, a novel measurement system is designed and its effectiveness is verified. In the system, a wheeled robot acquires and processes data after passing underneath the vehicle. Then, we introduce a new approach to reduce the main sources of error when building point clouds beneath the vehicle, achieved by modifying the extraction algorithm and the proportion of different feature points in each frame. Additionally, we present a fast geometric calculation algorithm for calculating the passing angles. The simulation experiment results demonstrate deviations of 0.06252%, 0.01575%, and 0.003987% when comparing the calculated angles to those of the simulated vehicle. The experimental results show that the method and system are effective at acquiring the point cloud of the vehicle and calculating the parameters of passing angles with good data consistency, exhibiting variances of 0.12407, 0.12407, and 0.69804.
Keywords	passing angles ; data acquisition ; point cloud ; LIDAR ; information processing ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	629
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Three-Dimensional Printed Liver Models for Surgical Planning and Intraoperative Guidance of Liver Cancer Resection

Timothy Rossi / Ally Williams / Zhonghua Sun

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 10757, p

A Systematic Review

2023 Volume 10757

Abstract: Successful liver cancer resection requires a comprehensive pre- and intraoperative understanding of the spatial relationships between a patient’s cancer and intrahepatic anatomy. The recent literature has highlighted that patient-specific 3D-printed ... ...

Abstract	Successful liver cancer resection requires a comprehensive pre- and intraoperative understanding of the spatial relationships between a patient’s cancer and intrahepatic anatomy. The recent literature has highlighted that patient-specific 3D-printed liver models (3DPLMs) reconstructed from medical imaging data may enhance the comprehension of patients’ liver anatomy and thereby provide a useful preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance tool for liver cancer resection (LCR). The purpose of this systematic review was to critically examine the utility and feasibility of 3DPLMs for LCR surgical planning and intraoperative guidance and explore whether these applications improve patient outcomes. Articles were retrieved from four electronic databases (Scopus, Embase, PubMed, and Curtin University Database) according to predetermined eligibility criteria. In total, 22 eligible articles were identified, including 11 original research articles and 11 case reports. Key concepts were synthesised using an inductive content analysis approach suitable for this heterogeneous body of literature. There is significant descriptive and case-report evidence that 3DPLMs strengthen pre- and intraoperative comprehension of patient liver and liver tumour anatomy and can enhance pre- and intraoperative surgical decision making for LCR. The analysis of these studies presents large variances in the times and costs necessary to produce 3DPLMs, as studies did not provide the full expenses of materials, software, and equipment. Production times were focused on different aspects of the 3D printing process and were not comparable. The review nonetheless demonstrates the potential value of 3DPLMs as preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance tools for LCR. Future studies should detail these economic data points to ensure 3DPLMs’ viability. Further experimental research and randomised controlled trials are also necessary to examine the relationship between 3DPLMs and patient’s intra- and postoperative outcomes.
Keywords	three-dimensional printing ; hepatic tumour ; liver cancer resection ; model ; surgical planning ; intraoperative guidance ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Coronary CT angiography in coronary artery disease

Zhonghua Sun

Australasian Medical Journal , Vol 9, Iss 5, Pp 111-

Opportunities and challenges

2016 Volume 123

Abstract: Coronary CT angiography is widely recognised as a reliable imaging modality for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Coronary CT angiography not only provides excellent visualisation of anatomical changes in the coronary artery with high diagnostic ... ...

Abstract	Coronary CT angiography is widely recognised as a reliable imaging modality for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Coronary CT angiography not only provides excellent visualisation of anatomical changes in the coronary artery with high diagnostic value in the detection of lumen stenosis or occlusion, but also offers quantitative characterisation of coronary plaque components. Furthermore, coronary CT angiography allows myocardial perfusion imaging with diagnostic value comparable to the reference standard method. Coronary CT angiography-derived haemodynamic analysis has the potential to evaluate functional significance of coronary lesions. This review article aims to provide an overview of clinical applications of coronary CT angiography in coronary artery disease.
Keywords	Coronary artery disease ; coronary computed tomography angiography ; diagnosis ; clinical applications ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Australasian Medical Journal pty ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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