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  1. Article ; Online: Diversity and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by Shui people in Southwest China.

    Liu, Sizhao / Zhang, Beixi / Lei, Qiyi / Zhou, Jiangju / Ali, Maroof / Long, Chunlin

    Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 20

    Abstract: Background: The Shui are a small Chinese sociolinguistic group living in Sandu Shui Autonomous County, south of Guizhou Province. The Shui people have accumulated and developed rich traditional medicinal knowledge, which has played a significant role in ...

    Abstract Background: The Shui are a small Chinese sociolinguistic group living in Sandu Shui Autonomous County, south of Guizhou Province. The Shui people have accumulated and developed rich traditional medicinal knowledge, which has played a significant role in their healthcare. Traditional ethnic herbal medicines, like Shui ethnomedicine, have become an important resource of rural development in Guizhou Province. However, not much research has been conducted to document the medicinal plants traditionally used by the Shui people. This study's aims are (1) to record the current use of medicinal plants in Sandu County and associated traditional knowledge, including the medicinal plant species used and the types of diseases treated by local healers and any unique aspects of their preparations; (2) to analyze the most important medicinal plant species using relative frequency of citation (RFC); and (3) to provide useful information and data for possible future development and application of ethnomedicine and promote the conservation and preservation of Shui traditional medicinal knowledge.
    Methods: Field surveys were conducted between July 2015 and August 2022 in Sandu County. A total of 15 local healers as key informants were interviewed. An additional 132 informants from villages and local markets were also interviewed through semistructured interviews and focal group discussions. Local Shui healers were followed during their collection of medicinal plants in the fields and recorded the medicinal plants' names, uses, and parts used. An ANOVA was used to evaluate the number of medicinal plants recognized by local healers across age-groups and townships, and relative frequencies of citation values were determined for the recorded medicinal plants.
    Results: In this study, data collected from 15 Shui healers and 132 other informants were analyzed. The healers used fresh or dried parts of 505 plant species as medicine to treat a wide range of conditions and diseases. These plants belong to 405 genera from 156 families, with Fabaceae being the highest represented plant family. The Jiuqian township had the highest distribution of per capita healers (pch); only one local healer was in Zhonghe. Of the 15 local healers, only two were younger than 40 years of age. There is a major concern that traditional medicinal knowledge may be lost if there are not sufficient trainees or suitable successors. Among the common medicinal plants, most are herbaceous and the Shui typically use the whole plant in their medicines. There are 85 different recorded diseases treated by Shui medicinal plants, and among them, rheumatism and bone fractures have the largest number of species used. Three medicinal plant species, Isodon amethystoides, Asarum insigne, and Acorus tatarinowii, are the most commonly used ethnomedicines by the Shui people.
    Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Shui people have extensive knowledge of a diverse range of medicinal plants, many of which had not been systematically recorded before the current study. Further research on the chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of Shui medicinal plants will be useful for developing functional foods or pharmaceutical products, particularly those of Isodon amethystoides, Asarum insigne, and Acorus tatarinowii. Additionally, as a result of rapid economic growth, fewer young people in Shui communities pursue traditional medicinal studies. Only 15 traditional Shui healers remain in the county, and only two of them are below the age of 40 years. Therefore, to conserve Shui's traditional medicinal knowledge, initiatives and policies are required to regenerate, strengthen, and promote Shui medicinal knowledge.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; China ; Ethnobotany ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2202544-3
    ISSN 1746-4269 ; 1746-4269
    ISSN (online) 1746-4269
    ISSN 1746-4269
    DOI 10.1186/s13002-023-00594-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Genetic Diversity Evaluation and Conservation of Kam Fragrant Glutinous Rice (

    Lei, Qi-Yi / Zhou, Jiang-Ju / Xiong, Yong / Zhang, Wen-Hua / Luo, Jing / Long, Chun-Lin

    Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 9

    Abstract: The genetic diversity of rice germplasm is the basis for increases in rice yield and quality. The collection, assessment, and protection of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm is important for achieving sustainable agriculture and assuring food ... ...

    Abstract The genetic diversity of rice germplasm is the basis for increases in rice yield and quality. The collection, assessment, and protection of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm is important for achieving sustainable agriculture and assuring food security. Many underdeveloped indigenous areas have abundant and valuable rice germplasm resources. However, in-depth assessments of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm from these areas and studies related to protecting these traditional cultures are not available. In this study, from 2005 to 2016, the authors have conducted in-depth evaluation of the genetic diversity of Kam fragrant glutinous rice germplasm resources in southeast Guizhou by using multidisciplinary comprehensive methods such as ethnobotany, cultural anthropology, and modern molecular markers. In total, 376 Kam fragrant glutinous rice samples from 42 villages in the Dong community in southeast Guizhou were collected. Agronomic traits of panicles were complex and exhibited diversity. Some varieties had good disease resistance and adaptation to cold and wet climates. The Dong people named the Kam fragrant glutinous rice varieties by using seven elements, including diverse traits, growth environment, and origin. Traditional folk classification, in addition to morphology and biological analysis using molecular markers, indicates that Kam fragrant glutinous rice includes 91 varieties. Kam fragrant glutinous rice comprises a very high number of varieties, most of which are
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704341-1
    ISSN 2223-7747
    ISSN 2223-7747
    DOI 10.3390/plants10091898
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Herbal plants traded at the Kaili medicinal market, Guizhou, China

    Liu, Sizhao / Zhang, Beixi / Zhou, Jiangju / Lei, Qiyi / Fang, Qiong / Kennelly, Edward J. / Long, Chunlin

    Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine. 2021 Dec., v. 17, no. 1

    2021  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Marketplaces reflect not only the commerce of an area, but also its culture. In Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture with Kaili as its capital, Guizhou Province, China, traditional medicine is thriving in both rural and urban areas. ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Marketplaces reflect not only the commerce of an area, but also its culture. In Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture with Kaili as its capital, Guizhou Province, China, traditional medicine is thriving in both rural and urban areas. The local people rely extensively on plants for traditional medicines, and these are commonly sold in local specialized markets. The Kaili medicinal market is the biggest in the prefecture. However, ethnobotanical study on herbal plants traded in the traditional market in Kaili has not been performed. The aims of this study are: (1) to document medicinal plants traded in the Kaili traditional market and the associated traditional knowledge; and (2) to analyze the level of agreement among vendors in the purported uses of medicinal plants by using informant consensus (FIC) and the fidelity level (FL). METHODS: Market surveys were conducted in 2014–2019 to collect information about medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge. Information including vernacular names, preparation methods, and plant uses was obtained by interviewing 116 vendors of herbal plants. Specimens of fresh and dried herbs, collected as vouchers, were identified by the authors and other botanists at the Minzu University of China, and deposited in the herbarium at Minzu University of China. The level of agreement among information provided by different vendors was assessed using the FIC, and the percentage of vendors claiming the use of a certain medicinal plant for the same indication was assessed with the FL. RESULTS: The Miao people comprise 53.4% of all informants in this study of medicinal plants. In total, 237 medicinal plant species traded in the Kaili traditional market were recorded. They belong to 219 genera and 107 families. These plants have been categorized into their purported treatments for 20 medical conditions. The inflammation category showed the highest FIC value of 0.95, showing the best agreement among market vendors claiming its usefulness to treat this condition. The FL index helped to identify 15 culturally important medicinal plant species based on the reported uses by 20 or more vendors in the market. Three medicinal plant species, Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, Sargentodoxa cuneata, and Stephania cepharantha, had an FL > 90%, being used to treat sprains/traumas, rheumatism, and heat/toxins. CONCLUSIONS: The medicinal plants sold in the Kaili market are highly diverse and have unique medicinal characteristics. The Miao people often use traditional herbal plants for disease prevention and thereby prioritize the use of medicinal plants in everyday life. The future of this medicinal marketplace, however, is uncertain since few young people (< 30 years old) are vendors or customers. Therefore, it is urgent to conserve traditional ethnomedicinal culture in local communities and pass on the associated traditional knowledge to future generations in this prefecture. And the next step should include further studies on FL > 90% plants’ chemistry, pharmacology, biological activity, and toxicity for potentially developing functional foods or pharmaceutical products.
    Keywords Eleutherococcus gracilistylus ; Sargentodoxa cuneata ; Stephania ; capital ; chemistry ; disease prevention ; ethnobotany ; heat ; herbaria ; indigenous knowledge ; inflammation ; markets ; medicinal plants ; pharmacology ; rheumatoid arthritis ; toxicity ; trade ; traditional medicine ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Size p. 67.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2202544-3
    ISSN 1746-4269
    ISSN 1746-4269
    DOI 10.1186/s13002-021-00495-4
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Genetic Diversity Evaluation and Conservation of Kam Fragrant Glutinous Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm in Southeast Guizhou, China

    Lei, Qi-Yi / Zhou, Jiang-Ju / Xiong, Yong / Zhang, Wen-Hua / Luo, Jing / Long, Chun-Lin

    Plants. 2021 Sept. 14, v. 10, no. 9

    2021  

    Abstract: The genetic diversity of rice germplasm is the basis for increases in rice yield and quality. The collection, assessment, and protection of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm is important for achieving sustainable agriculture and assuring food ... ...

    Abstract The genetic diversity of rice germplasm is the basis for increases in rice yield and quality. The collection, assessment, and protection of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm is important for achieving sustainable agriculture and assuring food security. Many underdeveloped indigenous areas have abundant and valuable rice germplasm resources. However, in-depth assessments of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm from these areas and studies related to protecting these traditional cultures are not available. In this study, from 2005 to 2016, the authors have conducted in-depth evaluation of the genetic diversity of Kam fragrant glutinous rice germplasm resources in southeast Guizhou by using multidisciplinary comprehensive methods such as ethnobotany, cultural anthropology, and modern molecular markers. In total, 376 Kam fragrant glutinous rice samples from 42 villages in the Dong community in southeast Guizhou were collected. Agronomic traits of panicles were complex and exhibited diversity. Some varieties had good disease resistance and adaptation to cold and wet climates. The Dong people named the Kam fragrant glutinous rice varieties by using seven elements, including diverse traits, growth environment, and origin. Traditional folk classification, in addition to morphology and biological analysis using molecular markers, indicates that Kam fragrant glutinous rice includes 91 varieties. Kam fragrant glutinous rice comprises a very high number of varieties, most of which are japonica-type and exhibit a high level of genetic diversity. The traditional folk classification of Kam fragrant glutinous rice by the Dong community is consistent with the biological classification. The traditional naming of Kam fragrant glutinous rice provides an important reference for understanding its genetic diversity. The high level of genetic diversity in Kam fragrant glutinous rice is not only related to the natural environment of the area but also tightly linked with the abundant and diverse Dong ethnic traditional cultures, which has led to protection of Kam fragrant glutinous rice’s genetic diversity.
    Keywords Oryza sativa ; cold ; disease resistance ; ethnobotany ; food security ; genetic variation ; germplasm ; glutinous rice ; people ; social anthropology ; sustainable agriculture ; taxonomy ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0914
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2704341-1
    ISSN 2223-7747
    ISSN 2223-7747
    DOI 10.3390/plants10091898
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Herbal plants traded at the Kaili medicinal market, Guizhou, China.

    Liu, Sizhao / Zhang, Beixi / Zhou, Jiangju / Lei, Qiyi / Fang, Qiong / Kennelly, Edward J / Long, Chunlin

    Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 67

    Abstract: Background: Marketplaces reflect not only the commerce of an area, but also its culture. In Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture with Kaili as its capital, Guizhou Province, China, traditional medicine is thriving in both rural and urban ... ...

    Abstract Background: Marketplaces reflect not only the commerce of an area, but also its culture. In Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture with Kaili as its capital, Guizhou Province, China, traditional medicine is thriving in both rural and urban areas. The local people rely extensively on plants for traditional medicines, and these are commonly sold in local specialized markets. The Kaili medicinal market is the biggest in the prefecture. However, ethnobotanical study on herbal plants traded in the traditional market in Kaili has not been performed. The aims of this study are: (1) to document medicinal plants traded in the Kaili traditional market and the associated traditional knowledge; and (2) to analyze the level of agreement among vendors in the purported uses of medicinal plants by using informant consensus (FIC) and the fidelity level (FL).
    Methods: Market surveys were conducted in 2014-2019 to collect information about medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge. Information including vernacular names, preparation methods, and plant uses was obtained by interviewing 116 vendors of herbal plants. Specimens of fresh and dried herbs, collected as vouchers, were identified by the authors and other botanists at the Minzu University of China, and deposited in the herbarium at Minzu University of China. The level of agreement among information provided by different vendors was assessed using the FIC, and the percentage of vendors claiming the use of a certain medicinal plant for the same indication was assessed with the FL.
    Results: The Miao people comprise 53.4% of all informants in this study of medicinal plants. In total, 237 medicinal plant species traded in the Kaili traditional market were recorded. They belong to 219 genera and 107 families. These plants have been categorized into their purported treatments for 20 medical conditions. The inflammation category showed the highest FIC value of 0.95, showing the best agreement among market vendors claiming its usefulness to treat this condition. The FL index helped to identify 15 culturally important medicinal plant species based on the reported uses by 20 or more vendors in the market. Three medicinal plant species, Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, Sargentodoxa cuneata, and Stephania cepharantha, had an FL > 90%, being used to treat sprains/traumas, rheumatism, and heat/toxins.
    Conclusions: The medicinal plants sold in the Kaili market are highly diverse and have unique medicinal characteristics. The Miao people often use traditional herbal plants for disease prevention and thereby prioritize the use of medicinal plants in everyday life. The future of this medicinal marketplace, however, is uncertain since few young people (< 30 years old) are vendors or customers. Therefore, it is urgent to conserve traditional ethnomedicinal culture in local communities and pass on the associated traditional knowledge to future generations in this prefecture. And the next step should include further studies on FL > 90% plants' chemistry, pharmacology, biological activity, and toxicity for potentially developing functional foods or pharmaceutical products.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Ethnobotany ; Humans ; Medicine, Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1746-4269
    ISSN (online) 1746-4269
    DOI 10.1186/s13002-021-00495-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Ethnobotany of wild plants used for starting fermented beverages in Shui communities of southwest China.

    Hong, Liya / Zhuo, Jingxian / Lei, Qiyi / Zhou, Jiangju / Ahmed, Selena / Wang, Chaoying / Long, Yuxiao / Li, Feifei / Long, Chunlin

    Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine

    2015  Volume 11, Page(s) 42

    Abstract: Background: Shui communities of southwest China have an extensive history of using wild plants as starters (Xiaoqu) to prepare fermented beverages that serve important roles in interpersonal relationships and cultural events. While the practice of using ...

    Abstract Background: Shui communities of southwest China have an extensive history of using wild plants as starters (Xiaoqu) to prepare fermented beverages that serve important roles in interpersonal relationships and cultural events. While the practice of using wild plants as starters for the preparation of fermented beverages was once prevalent throughout China, this tradition has seen a decline nationally since the 1930s. The traditional technique of preparing fermented beverages from wild plant starters remains well preserved in the Shui communities in southwest China and provides insight on local human-environment interactions and conservation of plant biodiversity for cultural purposes. The present study sought to examine the ethnobotany of wild plants used as starters for the preparation of fermented beverages including an inventory of plants used as a starter in liquor fermentation and associated knowledge and practices.
    Methods: Field surveys were carried out that consisted of semi-structured surveys and plant species inventories. One hundred forty-nine informants in twenty Shui villages were interviewed between July 2012 and October 2014 to document knowledge associated with wild plants used as a liquor fermentation starter. The inventories involved plant voucher specimens and taxonomic identification of plant collections.
    Results: A total of 103 species in 57 botanical families of wild plants were inventoried and documented that are traditionally used as starters for preparing fermented beverages by Shui communities. The majority of the species (93.2%) have multiple uses in addition to being used as a starter with medicinal purposes being the most prevalent. Shui women are the major harvesters and users of wild plants used as starters for preparing fermented beverages and transfer knowledge orally from mother to daughter.
    Conclusions: Findings from this study can serve as a basis for future investigation on fermented beverages and foods and associated knowledge and cultural practices. However, with rapid development, utilization of wild plants and the cultural systems that support them are at risk of erosion. Cultural preservation practices are necessary in Shui communities for the continued use and transmission of this ethnobiological knowledge as well as associated biodiversity.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcoholic Beverages ; China ; Culture ; Ethnic Groups ; Ethnobotany/methods ; Female ; Fermentation ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plants, Edible ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1746-4269
    ISSN (online) 1746-4269
    DOI 10.1186/s13002-015-0028-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Ethnobotany of dye plants in Dong communities of China.

    Liu, Yujing / Ahmed, Selena / Liu, Bo / Guo, Zhiyong / Huang, Weijuan / Wu, Xianjin / Li, Shenghua / Zhou, Jiangju / Lei, Qiyi / Long, Chunlin

    Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine

    2014  Volume 10, Page(s) 23

    Abstract: Background: Dyes derived from plants have an extensive history of use for coloring food and clothing in Dong communities and other indigenous areas in the uplands of China. In addition to use as coloring agents, Dong communities have historically ... ...

    Abstract Background: Dyes derived from plants have an extensive history of use for coloring food and clothing in Dong communities and other indigenous areas in the uplands of China. In addition to use as coloring agents, Dong communities have historically utilized dye plants for their value for enhancing the nutritive, medicinal and preservative properties of foods. However, the persistence of plant-derived dyes and associated cultural practices and traditional knowledge is threatened with rapid socio-economic change in China. Research is needed to document the ethnobotany of dye plants in indigenous communities towards their conservation and potential commercialization as a sustainable means of supporting local development initiatives.
    Methods: Semi-structured surveys on plants used for coloring agents and associated traditional knowledge were conducted in fifteen Dong villages of Tongdao County in Hunan Province of South Central China during 2011-2012. Transect walks were carried out with key informants identified from semi-structured surveys to collect samples and voucher specimens for each documented plant species for taxonomic identification.
    Results: Dong households at the study sites utilize the flowers, bark, stems, tubers and roots of 13 plant species from 9 families as dyes to color their customary clothing and food. Out of the documented plants, a total of 7 are used for coloring food, 3 for coloring clothing and 3 for both food and clothing. Documented plants consist of 3 species that yield black pigments, 3 for brownish red/russet pigments, 3 for red pigments, 2 for dark blue pigments and 2 for yellow pigments. In addition to dyes, the plants have multiple uses including medicinal, ornamental, sacrificial, edible, and for timber.
    Conclusions: The use of dyes derived from plants persists at the study sites for their important role in expressing Dong cultural identity through customary clothing and food. Further research is needed to evaluate the safety of dye plants, their efficacy in enhancing food items and their commercial potential. Conservation policies and management plans are called for to preserve these ethnobotanical resources in a sustainable manner that supports local livelihoods while maintaining cultural practices.
    MeSH term(s) China ; Coloring Agents ; Ethnobotany ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal
    Chemical Substances Coloring Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1746-4269
    ISSN (online) 1746-4269
    DOI 10.1186/1746-4269-10-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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