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  1. Article ; Online: Use of Open Surface Plasmon Resonance (OpenSPR) to Characterize the Binding Affinity of Protein-Protein Interactions.

    Zhu, Cassie Shu / Li, Jianhua / Wang, Haichao

    Bio-protocol

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 17, Page(s) e4795

    Abstract: Surface Plasmon Resonance(SPR) is a label-free optical technique to assess protein-protein interaction kinetics and affinities in a real-time setting. Traditionally, Biacore SPR employs a continuous film of gold to detect any change in the angle of re- ... ...

    Abstract Surface Plasmon Resonance(SPR) is a label-free optical technique to assess protein-protein interaction kinetics and affinities in a real-time setting. Traditionally, Biacore SPR employs a continuous film of gold to detect any change in the angle of re-emitted light when the refractive index of a ligand conjugated to the flat gold surface is altered by its interaction with a local analyte. In contrast, the Nicoya Lifesciences' OpenSPR technology uses gold nanoparticles to detect small changes in the absorbance peak wavelength of a conjugated ligand after its engagement by an analyte. Specifically, when broadband white light is shone onto the gold nanoparticles, it produces a strong resonance absorbance peak corresponding to the refractive index of a ligand conjugated to the surface of gold nanoparticles. Upon its interaction with an analyte, however, the absorbance wavelength peak of the conjugated ligand will be changed and timely recorded as sensorgrams of dynamic ligand-analyte interactions. Thus, the improvement in the detection method (from traditional detection of changes in the angle of re-emitted light to the contemporary detection of changes in the wavelength of the absorbance peak) features OpenSPR as a cost-effective and user-friendly technique for in-depth characterization of protein-protein interactions. Here, we describe the detailed method that we used to characterize procathepsin L (pCTS-L) interactions with two putative pattern recognition receptors (TLR4 and RAGE) using the 1st generation of Nicoya Lifesciences' OpenSPR instrument with a 1-channel detection. Key features • Nicoya OpenSPR is a benchtop small-size equipment that provides in-depth label-free binding kinetics and affinity measurement for protein-protein interactions in real-time fashion. • This technology is relatively intuitive and user-friendly for scientists at any skill level. • OpenSPR sensors employ nanotechnology to reduce the cost of manufacturing complex optical hardware and Sensor Chips, and similarly reduce the consumption of precious analyte samples. • The manufacturer provides online training for OpenSPR (Catalog: TRAIN-REMOTE) and TraceDrawer (Catalog: TRAIN-TD) to customer scientists.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2833269-6
    ISSN 2331-8325 ; 2331-8325
    ISSN (online) 2331-8325
    ISSN 2331-8325
    DOI 10.21769/BioProtoc.4795
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Elevated Circulating Procathepsin L as a Potential Biomarker of Inflamm-aging.

    Zhu, Cassie Shu / Chen, Weiqiang / Qiang, Xiaoling / Lou, Li / Li, Jianhua / Wang, Haichao

    Medical hypotheses

    2024  Volume 186

    Abstract: Inflamm-aging is a condition of low-grade and chronic systemic inflammation characterized by a systemic increase in multiple inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and CXCL9 (MIG) in ... ...

    Abstract Inflamm-aging is a condition of low-grade and chronic systemic inflammation characterized by a systemic increase in multiple inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and CXCL9 (MIG) in experimental and clinical settings. However, despite the recent identification of extracellular procathepsin L (pCTS-L) as a novel mediator of inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, its possible role in inflamm-aging was previously not investigated. In the present study, we compared blood levels of pCTS-L and other 62 cytokines and chemokines between young and aged Balb/C mice by Western blotting and Cytokine Antibody Arrays. In light of the surprising finding of a marked increase in blood pCTS-L levels in aged mice, we propose that blood pCTS-L levels may serve as another biomarker of inflamm-aging. Given the capacity of pCTS-L in inducing various cytokines (e.g., TNF and IL-6), it will be important to test the hypothetic role of pCTS-L in inflamm-aging under experimental and clinical conditions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 193145-3
    ISSN 1532-2777 ; 0306-9877
    ISSN (online) 1532-2777
    ISSN 0306-9877
    DOI 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111322
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A two-decade journey in identifying high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and procathepsin L (pCTS-L) as potential therapeutic targets for sepsis.

    Li, Jianhua / Zhu, Cassie Shu / He, Li / Qiang, Xiaoling / Chen, Weiqiang / Wang, Haichao

    Expert opinion on therapeutic targets

    2023  Volume 27, Issue 7, Page(s) 575–591

    Abstract: Introduction: Microbial infections and resultant sepsis are leading causes of death in hospitals, representing approximately 20% of total deaths worldwide. Despite the difficulties in translating experimental insights into effective therapies for often ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Microbial infections and resultant sepsis are leading causes of death in hospitals, representing approximately 20% of total deaths worldwide. Despite the difficulties in translating experimental insights into effective therapies for often heterogenous patient populations, an improved understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying experimental sepsis is still urgently needed. Sepsis is partly attributable to dysregulated innate immune responses manifested by hyperinflammation and immunosuppression at different stages of microbial infections.
    Areas covered: Here we review our recent progress in searching for late-acting mediators of experimental sepsis and propose high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and procathepsin-L (pCTS-L) as potential therapeutic targets for improving outcomes of lethal sepsis and other infectious diseases.
    Expert opinion: It will be important to evaluate the efficacy of HMGB1- or pCTS-L-targeting agents for the clinical management of human sepsis and other infectious diseases in future studies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; HMGB1 Protein ; Sepsis/drug therapy ; Immunity, Innate ; Communicable Diseases
    Chemical Substances procathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-) ; HMGB1 Protein
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2055208-7
    ISSN 1744-7631 ; 1472-8222
    ISSN (online) 1744-7631
    ISSN 1472-8222
    DOI 10.1080/14728222.2023.2239495
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Therapeutic potential of procathepsin L-inhibiting and progesterone-entrapping dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles in treating experimental sepsis.

    Qiang, Xiaoling / Chen, Weiqiang / Zhu, Cassie Shu / Li, Jianhua / Qi, Timothy / Lou, Li / Wang, Ping / Tracey, Kevin J / Wang, Haichao

    Frontiers in immunology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1368448

    Abstract: The pathogenic mechanisms of bacterial infections and resultant sepsis are partly attributed to dysregulated inflammatory responses sustained by some late-acting mediators including the procathepsin-L (pCTS-L). It was entirely unknown whether any ... ...

    Abstract The pathogenic mechanisms of bacterial infections and resultant sepsis are partly attributed to dysregulated inflammatory responses sustained by some late-acting mediators including the procathepsin-L (pCTS-L). It was entirely unknown whether any compounds of the U.S. Drug Collection could suppress pCTS-L-induced inflammation, and pharmacologically be exploited into possible therapies. Here, we demonstrated that a macrophage cell-based screening of a U.S. Drug Collection of 1360 compounds resulted in the identification of progesterone (PRO) as an inhibitor of pCTS-L-mediated production of several chemokines [e.g., Epithelial Neutrophil-Activating Peptide (ENA-78), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) or MCP-3] and cytokines [e.g., Interleukin-10 (IL-10) or Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)] in primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Mice ; Animals ; Progesterone ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; Sepsis ; Enzyme Precursors ; Cathepsin L
    Chemical Substances heptakis(2,6-O-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin (51166-71-3) ; procathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; Enzyme Precursors ; Cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.15)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368448
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Development of Procathepsin L (pCTS-L)-Inhibiting Lanosterol-Carrying Liposome Nanoparticles to Treat Lethal Sepsis.

    Chen, Weiqiang / Zhu, Cassie Shu / Qiang, Xiaoling / Chen, Shujin / Li, Jianhua / Wang, Ping / Tracey, Kevin J / Wang, Haichao

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 10

    Abstract: The pathogenesis of microbial infections and sepsis is partly attributable to dysregulated innate immune responses propagated by late-acting proinflammatory mediators such as procathepsin L (pCTS-L). It was previously not known whether any natural ... ...

    Abstract The pathogenesis of microbial infections and sepsis is partly attributable to dysregulated innate immune responses propagated by late-acting proinflammatory mediators such as procathepsin L (pCTS-L). It was previously not known whether any natural product could inhibit pCTS-L-mediated inflammation or could be strategically developed into a potential sepsis therapy. Here, we report that systemic screening of a NatProduct Collection of 800 natural products led to the identification of a lipophilic sterol, lanosterol (LAN), as a selective inhibitor of pCTS-L-induced production of cytokines [e.g., Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and chemokines [e.g., Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) and Epithelial Neutrophil-Activating Peptide (ENA-78)] in innate immune cells. To improve its bioavailability, we generated LAN-carrying liposome nanoparticles and found that these LAN-containing liposomes (LAN-L) similarly inhibited pCTS-L-induced production of several chemokines [e.g., MCP-1, Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Presumably Secreted (RANTES) and Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-2 (MIP-2)] in human blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In vivo, these LAN-carrying liposomes effectively rescued mice from lethal sepsis even when the first dose was given at 24 h post the onset of this disease. This protection was associated with a significant attenuation of sepsis-induced tissue injury and systemic accumulation of serval surrogate biomarkers [e.g., IL-6, Keratinocyte-derived Chemokine (KC), and Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor I (sTNFRI)]. These findings support an exciting possibility to develop liposome nanoparticles carrying anti-inflammatory sterols as potential therapies for human sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Liposomes/therapeutic use ; Lanosterol/therapeutic use ; Interleukin-6 ; Cytokines ; Chemokines ; Sepsis/pathology
    Chemical Substances Liposomes ; procathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Lanosterol (1J05Z83K3M) ; Interleukin-6 ; Cytokines ; Chemokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms24108649
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Identification of procathepsin L (pCTS-L)-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to treat potentially lethal sepsis.

    Zhu, Cassie Shu / Qiang, Xiaoling / Chen, Weiqiang / Li, Jianhua / Lan, Xiqian / Yang, Huan / Gong, Jonathan / Becker, Lance / Wang, Ping / Tracey, Kevin J / Wang, Haichao

    Science advances

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 5, Page(s) eadf4313

    Abstract: Antibody-based strategies have been attempted to antagonize early cytokines of sepsis, but not yet been tried to target inducible late-acting mediators. Here, we report that the expression and secretion of procathepsin-L (pCTS-L) was induced by serum ... ...

    Abstract Antibody-based strategies have been attempted to antagonize early cytokines of sepsis, but not yet been tried to target inducible late-acting mediators. Here, we report that the expression and secretion of procathepsin-L (pCTS-L) was induced by serum amyloid A (SAA) in innate immune cells, contributing to its late and systemic accumulation in experimental and clinical sepsis. Recombinant pCTS-L induced interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, GRO-α/KC, GRO-β/MIP-2, and MCP-1 release in innate immune cells and moderately correlated with blood concentrations of these cytokines/chemokines in clinical sepsis. Mechanistically, pCTS-L interacted with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) to induce cytokines/chemokines. Pharmacological suppression of pCTS-L with neutralizing polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies attenuated pCTS-L-mediated inflammation by impairing its interaction with TLR4 and RAGE receptors, and consequently rescued animals from lethal sepsis. Our findings have suggested a possibility of developing antibody strategies to prevent dysregulated immune responses mediated by late-acting cytokines.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Cytokines ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Chemokines/metabolism ; Sepsis
    Chemical Substances procathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cytokines ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Chemokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.adf4313
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Endogenous Regulation and Pharmacological Modulation of Sepsis-Induced HMGB1 Release and Action: An Updated Review.

    Zhu, Cassie Shu / Wang, Wei / Qiang, Xiaoling / Chen, Weiqiang / Lan, Xiqian / Li, Jianhua / Wang, Haichao

    Cells

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 9

    Abstract: Sepsis remains a common cause of death in intensive care units, accounting for approximately 20% of total deaths worldwide. Its pathogenesis is partly attributable to dysregulated inflammatory responses to bacterial endotoxins (such as lipopolysaccharide, ...

    Abstract Sepsis remains a common cause of death in intensive care units, accounting for approximately 20% of total deaths worldwide. Its pathogenesis is partly attributable to dysregulated inflammatory responses to bacterial endotoxins (such as lipopolysaccharide, LPS), which stimulate innate immune cells to sequentially release early cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferons (IFNs)) and late mediators (such as high-mobility group box 1, HMGB1). Despite difficulties in translating mechanistic insights into effective therapies, an improved understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of sepsis is still urgently needed. Here, we review recent progress in elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying the regulation of HMGB1 release and action, and propose a few potential therapeutic candidates for future clinical investigations.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cytokines/immunology ; HMGB1 Protein/immunology ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Sepsis/immunology
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; HMGB1 Protein ; HMGB1 protein, human ; Lipopolysaccharides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells10092220
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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