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  1. Article ; Online: scBCR-seq revealed a special and novel IG H&L V(D)J allelic inclusion rearrangement and the high proportion dual BCR expressing B cells.

    Zhu, Lanwei / Peng, Qi / Wu, Yingjie / Yao, Xinsheng

    Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS

    2023  Volume 80, Issue 11, Page(s) 319

    Abstract: Since the initial report of V (D) J "allelic exclusion/inclusion" (allelic exclusion rearrangement or allelic inclusion rearrangement) and the concept of the "dual B cell receptor (BCR)" in 1961, despite ongoing discoveries, the precise proportion and ... ...

    Abstract Since the initial report of V (D) J "allelic exclusion/inclusion" (allelic exclusion rearrangement or allelic inclusion rearrangement) and the concept of the "dual B cell receptor (BCR)" in 1961, despite ongoing discoveries, the precise proportion and source mechanism of dual BCR under physiological conditions have been puzzling immuologists. This study takes advantage of the single cell B cell receptor sequencing (scBCR-seq) technology, which can perfectly match the heavy and light chains of BCR at the level of a single B cell, and obtain the full length mRNA sequence of the complementary determining region 3 (CDR3). Through analyzing the pairing of functional IGH (immunoglobulin heavy chain) and IGL (immunoglobulin light chain) in single B cell from both human and mouse bone marrow and peripheral blood, it was observed that dual BCR B cells exhibit stable and high levels of expression. Among them, the human bone marrow and peripheral blood contain about 10% dual (or multiple) BCR B cells, while in mouse peripheral blood and bone marrow memory B cells, this proportion reaches around 20%. At the same time, we innovatively found that in each research sample of humans and mice, there are three (or more) functional rearrangements (mRNA level) of a single chain in a single B cell. By analyzing the position, direction and other compositional characteristics of the V(D)J gene family, we found that at least two (or more) of them are derived from over two (or more) specific allelic inclusion rearrangements of a single chromosome (mRNA molecular level evidence), our findings also highlighted the necessity of classified single cell sequencing data based on single, dual (or multiple) and cannot be assembled into BCR when analyzing the B cell repertoire. The results of this article provides new methods and modeling references for evaluating the proportion and source mechanisms of dual BCR B cells, as well as potential significance of allelic inclusion (exclusion escape) of V(D)J rearrangement.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1358415-7
    ISSN 1420-9071 ; 1420-682X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9071
    ISSN 1420-682X
    DOI 10.1007/s00018-023-04973-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: scRNA-seq revealed the special TCR β & α V(D)J allelic inclusion rearrangement and the high proportion dual (or more) TCR-expressing cells.

    Zhu, Lanwei / Peng, Qi / Li, Jun / Wu, Yingjie / Wang, Jiayi / Zhou, Dewei / Ma, Long / Yao, Xinsheng

    Cell death & disease

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 7, Page(s) 487

    Abstract: Allelic exclusion, one lymphocyte expresses one antigen receptor, is a fundamental mechanism of immunological self-tolerance and highly specific immune responses to pathogens. However, the phenomenon of V(D)J allelic inclusion (incomplete allelic ... ...

    Abstract Allelic exclusion, one lymphocyte expresses one antigen receptor, is a fundamental mechanism of immunological self-tolerance and highly specific immune responses to pathogens. However, the phenomenon of V(D)J allelic inclusion (incomplete allelic exclusion or allelic escape) rearrangement and dual TCR T cells have been discovered by multiple laboratories. Despite continuous new discoveries, the proportion and underlying mechanism of dual TCR has been puzzling immunologists. In this study, we observed the presence of single T cells expressing multiple TCR chains in all samples, with the proportion of 15%, 10%, and 20% in the human thymus, human peripheral blood, and mouse lymphoid organs, respectively. The proportion of T cells possessing multiple T-cell receptors (TCR) varied significantly in different physiological states and developmental stages. By analyzing RSS category, RSS direction, and V(D)J gene position at TR locus of T cells which contain multiple TCR chains, we creatively found that one of TCR β (or TCR α) should originate from the transcription of V(D)J combination in T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) formed after the twice successful rearrangement in the same chromosome. Moreover, human V30 (or mouse V31) gene may participate in reverse recombination and transcription to prevent allelic exclusion. In general, high proportion of T cells with multiple TCR at the transcriptome level was first made public, and we proposed a novel mechanism of secondary (or more) TCR rearrangement on a single chromosome. Our findings also indicated that the single-cell sequencing data should be classified according to the single, multiple, and abnormal TCR when analyzing the T-cell repertoire.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2541626-1
    ISSN 2041-4889 ; 2041-4889
    ISSN (online) 2041-4889
    ISSN 2041-4889
    DOI 10.1038/s41419-023-06004-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Space technology: A powerful tool for safeguarding world heritage.

    Luo, Lei / Liu, Jie / Cigna, Francesca / Evans, Damian / Hernandez, Mario / Tapete, Deodato / Shadie, Peter / Agapiou, Athos / Elfadaly, Abdelaziz / Chen, Min / Zhu, Lanwei / Fu, Bihong / Yang, Ruixia / Tariq, Shahina / Ouessar, Mohamed / Lasaponara, Rosa / Wang, Xinyuan / Guo, Huadong

    Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.))

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 100420

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2666-6758
    ISSN (online) 2666-6758
    DOI 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100420
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Identifying Linear Traces of the Han Dynasty Great Wall in Dunhuang Using Gaofen-1 Satellite Remote Sensing Imagery and the Hough Transform

    Luo, Lei / Bachagha, Nabil / Yao, Ya / Liu, Chuansheng / Shi, Pilong / Zhu, Lanwei / Shao, Jie / Wang, Xinyuan

    Remote Sensing. 2019 Nov. 19, v. 11, no. 22

    2019  

    Abstract: The Han Dynasty Great Wall (GH), one of the largest and most significant ancient defense projects in the whole of northern China, has been studied increasingly not only because it provides important information about the diplomatic and military ... ...

    Abstract The Han Dynasty Great Wall (GH), one of the largest and most significant ancient defense projects in the whole of northern China, has been studied increasingly not only because it provides important information about the diplomatic and military strategies of the Han Empire (206 B.C.–220 A.D.), but also because it is considered to be a cultural and national symbol of modern China as well as a valuable archaeological monument. Thus, it is crucial to obtain the spatial pattern and preservation situation of the GH for next-step archaeological analysis and conservation management. Nowadays, remote sensing specialists and archaeologists have given priority to manual visualization and a (semi-) automatic extraction approach is lacking. Based on the very high-resolution (VHR) satellite remote sensing imagery, this paper aims to identify automatically the archaeological features of the GH located in ancient Dunhuang, northwest China. Gaofen-1 (GF-1) data were first processed and enhanced after image correction and mathematical morphology, and the M-statistic was then used to analyze the spectral characteristics of GF-1 multispectral (MS) data. In addition, based on GF-1 panchromatic (PAN) data, an auto-identification method that integrates an improved Otsu segmentation algorithm with a Linear Hough Transform (LHT) is proposed. Finally, by making a comparison with visual extraction results, the proposed method was assessed qualitatively and semi-quantitatively to have an accuracy of 80% for the homogenous background in Dunhuang. These automatic identification results could be used to map and evaluate the preservation state of the GH in Dunhuang. Also, the proposed automatic approach was applied to identify similar linear traces of other generations of the Great Wall of China (Western Xia Dynasty (581 A.D.–618 A.D.) and Ming Dynasty (1368 A.D.–1644 A.D.)) in various geographic regions. Moreover, the results indicate that the computer-based automatic identification has great potential in archaeological research, and the proposed method can be generalized and applied to monitor and evaluate the state of preservation of the Great Wall of China in the future.
    Keywords algorithms ; archaeology ; monuments ; remote sensing ; satellites ; spectral analysis ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-1119
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2513863-7
    ISSN 2072-4292
    ISSN 2072-4292
    DOI 10.3390/rs11222711
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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