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Book ; Online ; E-Book: Dynamic fluidic sprinkler and intelligent sprinkler irrigation technologies

Zhu, Xingye

(Smart Agriculture, ; 3)

2023

Abstract: This book presents a newly designed dynamic fluidic sprinkler (DFS) to improve hydraulic performance of the existing complete fluidic sprinkler (CFS) under low-pressure conditions. Sprinkler irrigation has high prospects for improving water management in ...

Author's details	Xingye Zhu, [and three others]
Series title	Smart Agriculture, ; 3
Abstract	This book presents a newly designed dynamic fluidic sprinkler (DFS) to improve hydraulic performance of the existing complete fluidic sprinkler (CFS) under low-pressure conditions. Sprinkler irrigation has high prospects for improving water management in crop production. In recent years, low-pressure water-saving has become an important research content in the field of sprinkler irrigation. It introduces the effect of riser height on rotation uniformity and application rate of the dynamic fluidic sprinkler. It also discusses the intelligent sprinkler irrigation technologies for autonomous and remote sensing system. This book will be a useful reference for researchers and professionals in the field of agriculture and irrigation.
Keywords	Fluid dynamics
Subject code	910.5
Language	English
Size	1 online resource (147 pages)
Edition	1st ed. 2023.
Publisher	Springer
Publishing place	Singapore
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
ISBN	981-19-8319-4 ; 9789811983184 ; 978-981-19-8319-1 ; 9811983186
DOI	10.1007/978-981-19-8319-1
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article: Experimental study on t

Zhu, Xingye / Fordjour, Alexander / Agyen Dwomoh, Frank / Kwame Lewballah, Joseph / Anim Ofosu, Samuel / Liu, Junping / Dai, Xiu / Oteng, James

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) e27140

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of pressure loss, combined spacing, and. coefficients of uniformity on the dynamic fluidic sprinkler. Spline interpolation was used to convert the radial water volume into grid-type data and various ... ...

Abstract	An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of pressure loss, combined spacing, and. coefficients of uniformity on the dynamic fluidic sprinkler. Spline interpolation was used to convert the radial water volume into grid-type data and various pressure conditions were used to simulate the three-dimensional water distribution under square and triangular combinations of sprinklers. For each of the combinations of the sprinklers, experiments were performed at operating pressures of 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3 MPa, respectively. To find the optimum spatial distribution of sprinklers, three different sprinkler intervals, 1R, 1.2R, and 1.4R, were performed for the square and triangular combinations. The droplet size distributions were also measured along a radial transect from the sprinkler for each operational pressure using the Thies Clima Laser Precipitation Monitor. The results demonstrated that the average values of the inclination angles of the water droplet trajectory curves were 60.78° and 68.85° as the pressure rose from 0.15 MPa to 0.3 MPa. When the pressure exceeds 0.2 MPa, the square combination's distribution uniformity coefficients of 25% low and high values were higher than those of the triangle combination. Triangular combination coefficients of uniformity (CU) values initially decreased and then increased as sprinkler spacing increased, with the CU value under 1.4R spacing reaching 73.85%. At a 1.2R interval, the CU value of a triangular combination was 8.49% lower than that of a square combination, which is a significant difference. Peak irrigation values for the square combination, when the pressure was changed from 0.1 to 0.3 MPa, were 29.97, 22.9, 19.8, 19.91, and 19.21 mm h
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27140
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Nutrient Uptake Potential of Nonleguminous Species and Its Interaction with Soil Characteristics and Enzyme Activities in the Agro-ecosystem.

Solangi, Farheen / Zhu, Xingye / Cao, Weidong / Dai, Xiu / Solangi, Kashif Ali / Zhou, Guopeng / Alwasel, Yasmeen A

ACS omega

2024 Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) 13860–13871

Abstract: The potential nutrient uptake abilities of a plant are essential for improving the yield and quality. Green manures can take up a huge amount of macronutrients from the soil. The mechanisms underlying the differences in nutrient uptake capacity among ... ...

Abstract	The potential nutrient uptake abilities of a plant are essential for improving the yield and quality. Green manures can take up a huge amount of macronutrients from the soil. The mechanisms underlying the differences in nutrient uptake capacity among different nonlegume species remain unclear. The plot experiments were conducted to investigate the performance of nonlegume species including forage radish (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2470-1343
ISSN (online)	2470-1343
DOI	10.1021/acsomega.3c08794
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Responses of soil enzymatic activities and microbial biomass phosphorus to improve nutrient accumulation abilities in leguminous species.

Solangi, Farheen / Zhu, Xingye / Solangi, Kashif Ali / Iqbal, Rashid / Elshikh, Mohamed S / Alarjani, Khaloud Mohammed / Elsalahy, Heba H

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 11139

Abstract: Fertilizers application are widely used to get a higher yield in agricultural fields. Nutrient management can be improved by cultivating leguminous species in order to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms that increase the amount of available ... ...

Abstract	Fertilizers application are widely used to get a higher yield in agricultural fields. Nutrient management can be improved by cultivating leguminous species in order to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms that increase the amount of available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) through fertilizer treatments. A pot experiment was conducted to identify the leguminous species (i.e., chickpea and pea) under various fertilizer treatments. Experimental design is as follows: T0 (control: no fertilizer was applied), T1: P applied at the level of (90 kg ha
MeSH term(s)	Phosphorus/metabolism ; Biomass ; Fertilizers ; Soil/chemistry ; Soil Microbiology ; Cicer/metabolism ; Cicer/growth & development ; Fabaceae/metabolism ; Fabaceae/growth & development ; Potassium/metabolism ; Pisum sativum/metabolism ; Pisum sativum/growth & development ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Nutrients/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-61446-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effect of riser height on rotation uniformity and application rate of the dynamic fluidic sprinkler

Fordjour, Alexander / Zhu, Xingye / Jiang, Chenlong / Liu, Junping

Irrigation and drainage. 2020 Oct., v. 69, no. 4

2020

Abstract: The objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of riser heights on rotation uniformity and application rate of the newly designed dynamic fluidic sprinkler. The dynamic fluidic sprinkler was tested using different nozzle sizes of 5 and 6 mm. ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of riser heights on rotation uniformity and application rate of the newly designed dynamic fluidic sprinkler. The dynamic fluidic sprinkler was tested using different nozzle sizes of 5 and 6 mm. The sprinkler head was mounted on 1.3, 1.5, 1.7 and 1.9 m risers at 90° in the horizontal direction and was placed about 0.9 m above the top of the cans. The following operating pressures were tested: 150 and 200 kPa. A program was written to simulate the non‐uniform of rotation of the nozzle during the full circle‐spraying process. It was found that the riser height had a significant effect on application rate and uniformity. The comparison of standard deviation with different risers showed that differences in standard deviation were much lower for the 1.9 m riser height. The deviation was in the range of 0.14 ~ 0.26, 0.14 ~ 0.42, 0.18 ~ 0.50 and 0.13 ~ 0.69 mm h⁻¹ considering the riser heights of 1.9, 1.7, 1.5 and 1.3 m. For all the nozzle sizes, a smaller standard deviation was recorded under 150 kPa. The deviation range was 0.15 ~ 0.24, 0.17 ~ 0.45, 0.18 ~ 0.45 and 0.2 ~ 0.66 mm h⁻¹ for 1.9, 1.7, 1.5 and 1.3 m, respectively. With respect to nozzle sizes, 5 mm gave better standard deviations and the deviation range was from 0.14 ~ 0.26, 0.15 ~ 0.45, 0.2 ~ 0.7 and 0.23 ~ 0.74 mm h⁻¹ with radial heights of 1.9, 1.7, 1.5 and 1.3 m, respectively. The range of the coefficient of uniformity values for overlapped quadrants for the 5 mm nozzle was as follows: 78% at a spacing of 10 to 72% at 80% overlapped spacing. The highest occurred at 50% spacing and increased with an overlapped spacing of 10 to 50%, ranging from 78 to 87% with an average of 82.5%. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keywords	application rate ; irrigation and drainage ; sprinklers ; standard deviation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-10
Size	p. 618-632.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2047418-0
ISSN	1531-0361 ; 1531-0353
ISSN (online)	1531-0361
ISSN	1531-0353
DOI	10.1002/ird.2462
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Modeling the Application Depth and Water Distribution Uniformity of a Linearly Moved Irrigation System

Liu, Junping / Fordjour, Alexander / Yuan, Shouqi / Zhu, Xingye

Water. 2019 Apr. 19, v. 11, no. 4

2019

Abstract: A model of a linearly moved irrigation system (LMIS) has been developed to calculate the water application depth and coefficient of uniformity (CU), and an experimental sample was used to verify the accuracy of the model. The performance testing of the ... ...

Abstract	A model of a linearly moved irrigation system (LMIS) has been developed to calculate the water application depth and coefficient of uniformity (CU), and an experimental sample was used to verify the accuracy of the model. The performance testing of the LMIS equipped with 69-kPa and 138-kPa sprinkler heads was carried out in an indoor laboratory. The LMIS was towed by a winch with a 1.0 cycle/min pulsing frequency while operating at percent-timer settings of 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90%, corresponding to average moving speeds of 1.5, 2.3, 3.3, 4.0, and 4.7 m min−1, respectively. The application depth and CU obtained under various speed conditions were compared between the measured and model-simulated data. The model calculation accuracy was high for both operating pressures of 69 and 138 kPa. The measured application depths were much larger than the triangular-shaped predictions of the simulated application depth and were between the parabolic-shaped predictions and the elliptical-shaped predictions of the simulated application depth. The results also indicate that the operating pressure and moving speed were not significant factors that affected the resulting CU values. For the parabolic- and elliptical-shaped predictions, the deviations between the measured and model-simulated values were within 5%, except for several cases at moving speeds of 2.3 and 4.0 m min−1. The measured water distribution pattern of the individual sprinklers could be represented by both elliptical- and parabolic-shaped predictions, which are accurate and reliable for simulating the application performances of the LMIS. The most innovative aspect of the proposed model is that the water application depths and CU values of the irrigation system can be determined at any moving speed.
Keywords	irrigation systems ; models ; prediction ; sprinklers ; water distribution
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0419
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2521238-2
ISSN	2073-4441
ISSN	2073-4441
DOI	10.3390/w11040827
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Projection of Future Drought Characteristics under Multiple Drought Indices

Khan, Muhammad Imran / Zhu, Xingye / Jiang, Xiaoping / Saddique, Qaisar / Saifullah, Muhammad / Niaz, Yasir / Sajid, Muhammad

Water. 2021 Apr. 29, v. 13, no. 9

2021

Abstract: Drought is a natural phenomenon caused by the variability of climate. This study was conducted in the Songhua River Basin of China. The drought events were estimated by using the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) and Standardized Precipitation Index ( ... ...

Abstract	Drought is a natural phenomenon caused by the variability of climate. This study was conducted in the Songhua River Basin of China. The drought events were estimated by using the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) which are based on precipitation (P) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) data. Furthermore, drought characteristics were identified for the assessment of drought trends in the study area. Short term (3 months) and long term (12 months) projected meteorological droughts were identified by using these drought indices. Future climate precipitation and temperature time series data (2021–2099) of various Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) were estimated by using outputs of the Global Circulation Model downscaled with a statistical methodology. The results showed that RCP 4.5 have a greater number of moderate drought events as compared to RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5. Moreover, it was also noted that RCP 8.5 (40 events) and RCP 4.5 (38 events) showed a higher number of severe droughts on 12-month drought analysis in the study area. A severe drought conditions projected between 2073 and 2076 with drought severity (DS-1.66) and drought intensity (DI-0.42) while extreme drying trends were projected between 2097 and 2099 with drought severity (DS-1.85) and drought intensity (DI-0.62). It was also observed that Precipitation Decile predicted a greater number of years under deficit conditions under RCP 2.6. Overall results revealed that more severe droughts are expected to occur during the late phase (2050–2099) by using RDI and SPI. A comparative analysis of 3- and 12-month drying trends showed that RDI is prevailing during the 12-month drought analysis while almost both drought indices (RDI and SPI) indicated same behavior of drought identification at 3-month drought analysis between 2021 and 2099 in the research area. The results of study will help to evaluate the risk of future drought in the study area and be beneficial for the researcher to make an appropriate mitigation strategy.
Keywords	General Circulation Models ; atmospheric precipitation ; climate ; drought ; evapotranspiration ; researchers ; risk assessment ; temperature ; time series analysis ; water ; watersheds ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0429
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2521238-2
ISSN	2073-4441
ISSN	2073-4441
DOI	10.3390/w13091238
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Modelling of Water Drop Movement and Distribution in No Wind and Windy Conditions for Different Nozzle Sizes

Zhu, Xingye / Lewballah, Joseph Kwame / Fordjour, Alexander / Jiang, Xiaoping / Liu, Junping / Ofosu, Samuel Anim / Dwomoh, Frank Agyen

Water. 2021 Oct. 26, v. 13, no. 21

2021

Abstract: A numerical model was developed to determine the water drop movement and mean droplet size diameter at any distance from a sprinkler as a function of nozzle size and pressure. Droplet size data from 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm nozzle sizes verified the model. Data ...

Abstract	A numerical model was developed to determine the water drop movement and mean droplet size diameter at any distance from a sprinkler as a function of nozzle size and pressure. Droplet size data from 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm nozzle sizes verified the model. Data for model prediction were generated throughout lab experiments. The results demonstrated that the correlation between the observed and predicted droplet size diameter values for all the nozzle sizes and pressures is quite good. Nozzle size and pressure had a major influence on droplet size. Higher pressure produced smaller droplets over the entire application profile. The wetted distance downwind from the sprinkler increased as wind velocity increased, for example at a constant working pressure of 300 kPa, at wind speeds of 3.5 m/s and 4.5 m/s, 20% and 32% of the total volume exceeded the wet radius respectively. Larger droplets (3.9–4.5 mm), accounting for 3.6% and 6.3% of the total number of distributed droplets, respectively. The model can also predict the droplet size distribution at any wind direction overall the irrigated pattern.
Keywords	droplet size ; irrigation ; mathematical models ; prediction ; water ; wind direction ; wind speed
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1026
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2521238-2
ISSN	2073-4441
ISSN	2073-4441
DOI	10.3390/w13213006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The Global Dilemma of Soil Legacy Phosphorus and Its Improvement Strategies under Recent Changes in Agro-Ecosystem Sustainability.

Solangi, Farheen / Zhu, Xingye / Khan, Shumaila / Rais, Nazia / Majeed, Asma / Sabir, Muhammad Azeem / Iqbal, Rashid / Ali, Shehzad / Hafeez, Aqsa / Ali, Baber / Ercisli, Sezai / Kayabasi, Ehlinaz Torun

ACS omega

2023 Volume 8, Issue 26, Page(s) 23271–23282

Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is one of the six key elements in plant nutrition and effectively plays a vital role in all major metabolic activities. It is an essential nutrient for plants linked to human food production. Although abundantly present in both organic and ...

Abstract	Phosphorus (P) is one of the six key elements in plant nutrition and effectively plays a vital role in all major metabolic activities. It is an essential nutrient for plants linked to human food production. Although abundantly present in both organic and inorganic forms in soil, more than 40% of cultivated soils are commonly deficient in P concentration. Then, the P inadequacy is a challenge to a sustainable farming system to improve the food production for an increasing population. It is expected that the whole world population will rise to 9 billion by 2050 and, therefore, it is necessary at the same time for agricultural strategies broadly to expand food production up to 80% to 90% by handling the global dilemma which has affected the environment by climatic changes. Furthermore, the phosphate rock annually produced about 5 million metric tons of phosphate fertilizers per year. About 9.5 Mt of phosphorus enters human food through crops and animals such as milk, egg, meat, and fish and is then utilized, and 3.5 Mt P is physically consumed by the human population. Various new techniques and current agricultural practices are said to be improving P-deficient environments, which might help meet the food requirements of an increasing population. However, 4.4% and 3.4% of the dry biomass of wheat and chickpea, respectively, were increased under intercropping practices, which was higher than that in the monocropping system. A wide range of studies showed that green manure crops, especially legumes, improve the soil-available P content of the soil. It is noted that inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could decrease the recommended phosphate fertilizer rate nearly 80%. Agricultural management techniques to improve soil legacy P use by crops include maintaining soil pH by liming, crop rotation, intercropping, planting cover crops, and the consumption of modern fertilizers, in addition to the use of more efficient crop varieties and inoculation with P-solubilizing microorganisms. Therefore, exploring the residual phosphorus in the soil is imperative to reduce the demand for industrial fertilizers while promoting long-term sustainability on a global scale.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2470-1343
ISSN (online)	2470-1343
DOI	10.1021/acsomega.3c00823
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Analysis of Water Droplet Distribution in Wind for the Fluidic Sprinkler

Dwomoh, Frank Agyen / Yuan, Shouqi / Li, Hong / Zhu, Xingye / Liu, Junping / Mensah, Richard / Fordjour, Alexander

Water. 2020 Nov. 26, v. 12, no. 12

2020

Abstract: The fluidic sprinkler, a relatively new type of rotating sprinkler, has been the subject of quite a lot of research about its structural parameters, hydraulic characteristics, and water distribution profile, albeit under indoor conditions. The fluidic ... ...

Abstract	The fluidic sprinkler, a relatively new type of rotating sprinkler, has been the subject of quite a lot of research about its structural parameters, hydraulic characteristics, and water distribution profile, albeit under indoor conditions. The fluidic sprinkler’s performance in terms of water distribution profile and droplet size distribution pattern in wind has seen little investigation. To obtain information about its droplet size distribution in wind, the Thiess Clima Laser Precipitation Monitor was employed. Drop diameter, drop velocity, and the number of drops at varying distances from the fluidic sprinkler were measured in both wind and no wind at three operating pressures of 250, 300, and 350 kPa. The logistic model was adopted to fit a relationship between the drop diameter and the cumulative numeric frequency (CNF) and the cumulative volumetric frequency (CVF) values resulting in very high correlation coefficient (R²) values of above 0.99 for all conditions. At 250, 300, and 350 kPa, drops traveled 0.6, 1.0, and 1.3 m, respectively, farther in wind than in no wind along the direction of throw. Drops exhibited a spectrum of velocities and diameters at a given radial distance from the sprinkler. Up to two-thirds of the radius of throw, the proportion of drops with diameters ranging from 0.125 mm to 1.00 mm were above 80% at 300 and 350 kPa.
Keywords	correlation ; diameter ; droplet size ; droplets ; frequency ; information ; logit analysis ; research ; velocity ; water ; water analysis ; water distribution ; wind
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1126
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	2521238-2
ISSN	2073-4441
ISSN	2073-4441
DOI	10.3390/w12123320
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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