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Article ; Online: RLTG: Multi-targets directed greybox fuzzing.

He, Yubo / Zhu, Yuefei

2023 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0278138

Abstract: Directed greybox fuzzing guides fuzzers to explore specific objective code areas and has achieved good performance in some scenarios such as patch testing. However, if there are multiple objective code to explore, existing directed greybox fuzzers, such ... ...

Abstract	Directed greybox fuzzing guides fuzzers to explore specific objective code areas and has achieved good performance in some scenarios such as patch testing. However, if there are multiple objective code to explore, existing directed greybox fuzzers, such as AFLGo and Hawkeye, often neglect some targets because they use harmonic means of distance and prefers to test those targets with shorter reachable path. Besides, existing directed greybox fuzzers cannot calculate the accurate distance due to indirect calls in the program. In addition, existing directed greybox fuzzers fail to address the exploration and exploitation problem and have poor efficiency in seed scheduling. To address these problems, we propose a dynamic seed distance calculation scheme, it increase the seed distance dynamically when the reachable path encounter indirect call. Besides, the seed distance calculation can deal with the bias problem in multi-targets scenarios. With the seed distance calculation method, we propose a new seed scheduling algorithm based on the upper confidence bound algorithm to deal with the exploration and exploitation problem in drected greybox fuzzing. We implemented a prototype RLTG and evaluate it on real-world programs. Evaluation of our prototype shows that our approach outperforms a state-of-the-art directed fuzzer AFLGo. On the multi-targets benchmark Magma, RLTG reproduces bugs with 6.9x speedup and finds 66.7% more bugs than AFLGo.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0278138
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Diverse Metrics for Robust LBS Privacy: Distance, Semantics, and Temporal Factors.

Li, Yongjun / Zhu, Yuefei / Fei, Jinlong / Wu, Wei

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 24, Issue 4

Abstract: Addressing inherent limitations in distinguishing metrics relying solely on Euclidean distance, especially within the context of geo-indistinguishability (Geo-I) as a protection mechanism for location-based service (LBS) privacy, this paper introduces an ...

Abstract	Addressing inherent limitations in distinguishing metrics relying solely on Euclidean distance, especially within the context of geo-indistinguishability (Geo-I) as a protection mechanism for location-based service (LBS) privacy, this paper introduces an innovative and comprehensive metric. Our proposed metric not only incorporates geographical information but also integrates semantic, temporal, and query data, serving as a powerful tool to foster semantic diversity, ensure high servifice similarity, and promote spatial dispersion. We extensively evaluate our technique by constructing a comprehensive metric for Dongcheng District, Beijing, using road network data obtained through the OSMNX package and semantic and temporal information acquired through Gaode Map. This holistic approach proves highly effective in mitigating adversarial attacks based on background knowledge. Compared with existing methods, our proposed protection mechanism showcases a minimum 50% reduction in service quality and an increase of at least 0.3 times in adversarial attack error using a real-world dataset from Geolife. The simulation results underscore the efficacy of our protection mechanism in significantly enhancing user privacy compared to existing methodologies in the LBS location privacy-protection framework. This adjustment more fully reflects the authors' preference while maintaining clarity about the role of Geo-I as a protection mechanism within the broader framework of LBS location privacy protection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s24041314
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Article ; Online: Coverage-guided differential testing of TLS implementations based on syntax mutation.

Pan, Yan / Lin, Wei / He, Yubo / Zhu, Yuefei

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) e0262176

Abstract: Transport layer security (TLS) protocol is the most widely used security protocol in modern network communications. However, protocol vulnerabilities caused by the design of the network protocol or its implementation by programmers emerge one after ... ...

Abstract	Transport layer security (TLS) protocol is the most widely used security protocol in modern network communications. However, protocol vulnerabilities caused by the design of the network protocol or its implementation by programmers emerge one after another. Meanwhile, various versions of TLS protocol implementations exhibit different behavioral characteristics. Researchers are attempting to find the differences in protocol implementations based on differential testing, which is conducive to discovering the vulnerabilities. This paper provides a solution to find the differences more efficiently by targeting the TLS protocol handshake process. The differences of different implementations during the fuzzing process, such as code coverage and response data, are taken to guide the mutation of test cases, and the seeds are mutated based on the TLS protocol syntax. In addition, the definition of duplicate discrepancies is theoretically explored to investigate the root cause of the discrepancies and to reduce the number of duplicate cases that are caused by the same reason. Besides, the necessary conditions for excluding duplicate cases are further analyzed to develop the deduplication strategy. The proposed method is developed based on open-source tools, i.e., NEZHA and TLS-diff. Three types of widely used TLS protocol implementations, i.e., OpenSSL, BoringSSL, and LibreSSL, are taken for experimental testing. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the ability to find differences between different implementations. Under the same test scale or the same time, the amount of discrepancies increases by about 20% compared to TLS-diff, indicating the effectiveness of the deduplication strategy.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Computer Security ; Fuzzy Logic ; Software
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0262176
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Article ; Online: Research on construction of conditional exception code used in branch obfuscation

GENG Pu, ZHU Yuefei

网络与信息安全学报, Vol 6, Iss 6, Pp 25-

2020 Volume 34

Abstract: Using conditional exception code construction and exception handler to replace conditional jump code, the branch obfuscation get the right branch selection, but the address of branch point was concealed, so this obfuscation method can defeat symbolic ... ...

Abstract	Using conditional exception code construction and exception handler to replace conditional jump code, the branch obfuscation get the right branch selection, but the address of branch point was concealed, so this obfuscation method can defeat symbolic execution by impeding the constraint condition collecting. The normal method of conditional exception code construction has a fault that the key data in conditional exception code has two-value problem, this fault make down the ability of branch obfuscation in impeding symbolic execution. Based on this shortcoming, a novel method which can make the key data in conditional exception code diversity was proposed. This method can improve the difficulty of constraint condition fetching, so the ability to defeat symbolic execution of branch obfuscation was enhanced. At last, a prototype obfuscation system based on structural exception handler was implemented to test the new method of conditional exception code construction.
Keywords	conditional exception code construction ; branch obfuscation ; symbolic execution ; structural exception handler ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	POSTS&TELECOM PRESS Co., LTD
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Review of path branch obfuscation

GENG Pu, ZHU Yuefei

网络与信息安全学报, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 12-

2020 Volume 18

Abstract: Code obfuscation is a convenient and effective technique of software protection, which can combat MATE attacks based on reverse engineering. With the development of automatic programming analysis technology, a new code obfuscation technique which named ... ...

Abstract	Code obfuscation is a convenient and effective technique of software protection, which can combat MATE attacks based on reverse engineering. With the development of automatic programming analysis technology, a new code obfuscation technique which named path branch obfuscation was proposed to defeat symbolic execution. With the composition of branch information and how does the branch composition effect in execution technique, the branch obfuscation was classified into three types. Then, a detailed research and development situation of each branch obfuscation class was exhaustively described. At last, the prospects of branch obfuscation were discussed.
Keywords	reverse engineering ; code obfuscation ; symbol execution ; path branch obfuscation ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	POSTS&TELECOM PRESS Co., LTD
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Recent insights for the emerging COVID-19: Drug discovery, therapeutic options and vaccine development.

Zhu, Yuefei / Li, Jia / Pang, Zhiqing

Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences

2020 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 4–23

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 has been marked as a highly pathogenic coronavirus of COVID-19 disease into the human population, causing over 5.5 million confirmed cases worldwide. As COVID-19 has posed a global threat with significant human casualties and severe economic ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 has been marked as a highly pathogenic coronavirus of COVID-19 disease into the human population, causing over 5.5 million confirmed cases worldwide. As COVID-19 has posed a global threat with significant human casualties and severe economic losses, there is a pressing demand to further understand the current situation and develop rational strategies to contain the drastic spread of the virus. Although there are no specific antiviral therapies that have proven effective in randomized clinical trials, currently, the rapid detection technology along with several promising therapeutics for COVID-19 have mitigated its drastic transmission. Besides, global institutions and corporations have commenced to parse out effective vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Herein, the present review will give exhaustive details of extensive researches concerning the drug discovery and therapeutic options for COVID-19 as well as some insightful discussions of the status of COVID-19.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2650931-3
ISSN	2221-285X ; 1818-0876 ; 2221-285X
ISSN (online)	2221-285X
ISSN	1818-0876 ; 2221-285X
DOI	10.1016/j.ajps.2020.06.001
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Article ; Online: Material Engineering in Gut Microbiome and Human Health.

Yang, Letao / Hung, Lin Y / Zhu, Yuefei / Ding, Suwan / Margolis, Kara G / Leong, Kam W

Research (Washington, D.C.)

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 9804014

Abstract: Tremendous progress has been made in the past decade regarding our understanding of the gut microbiome's role in human health. Currently, however, a comprehensive and focused review marrying the two distinct fields of gut microbiome and material research ...

Abstract	Tremendous progress has been made in the past decade regarding our understanding of the gut microbiome's role in human health. Currently, however, a comprehensive and focused review marrying the two distinct fields of gut microbiome and material research is lacking. To bridge the gap, the current paper discusses critical aspects of the rapidly emerging research topic of "material engineering in the gut microbiome and human health." By engaging scientists with diverse backgrounds in biomaterials, gut-microbiome axis, neuroscience, synthetic biology, tissue engineering, and biosensing in a dialogue, our goal is to accelerate the development of research tools for gut microbiome research and the development of therapeutics that target the gut microbiome. For this purpose, state-of-the-art knowledge is presented here on biomaterial technologies that facilitate the study, analysis, and manipulation of the gut microbiome, including intestinal organoids, gut-on-chip models, hydrogels for spatial mapping of gut microbiome compositions, microbiome biosensors, and oral bacteria delivery systems. In addition, a discussion is provided regarding the microbiome-gut-brain axis and the critical roles that biomaterials can play to investigate and regulate the axis. Lastly, perspectives are provided regarding future directions on how to develop and use novel biomaterials in gut microbiome research, as well as essential regulatory rules in clinical translation. In this way, we hope to inspire research into future biomaterial technologies to advance gut microbiome research and gut microbiome-based theragnostics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2639-5274
ISSN (online)	2639-5274
DOI	10.34133/2022/9804014
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Article ; Online: Multifunctional Cationic Hyperbranched Polyaminoglycosides that Target Multiple Mediators for Severe Abdominal Trauma Management.

Xiao, Yongqiang / Fang, He / Zhu, Yuefei / Zhou, Jie / Dai, Zhanzhan / Wang, Hongxia / Xia, Zhaofan / Tu, Zhaoxu / Leong, Kam W

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

2023 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) e2305273

Abstract: Trauma and its associated complications, including dysregulated inflammatory responses, severe infection, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), continue to pose lethal threats worldwide. Following injury, cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs), ... ...

Abstract	Trauma and its associated complications, including dysregulated inflammatory responses, severe infection, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), continue to pose lethal threats worldwide. Following injury, cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs), categorized as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are released from dying or dead cells, triggering local and systemic inflammatory responses and coagulation abnormalities that worsen disease progression. Harnessing cfNA scavenging strategies with biomaterials has emerged as a promising approach for treating posttrauma systemic inflammation. In this study, the effectiveness of cationic hyperbranched polyaminoglycosides derived from tobramycin (HPT) and disulfide-included HPT (ss-HPT) in scavenging cfNAs to mitigate posttrauma inflammation and hypercoagulation is investigated. Both cationic polymers demonstrate the ability to suppress DAMP-induced toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, inflammatory cytokine secretion, and hypercoagulation by efficiently scavenging cfNAs. Additionally, HPT and ss-HPT exhibit potent antibacterial efficacy attributed to the presence of tobramycin in their chemical composition. Furthermore, HPT and ss-HPT exhibit favorable modulatory effects on inflammation and therapeutic outcomes in a cecal ligation puncture (CLP) mouse abdominal trauma model. Notably, in vivo studies reveal that ss-HPT displayed high accumulation and retention in injured organs of traumatized mice while maintaining a higher biodegradation rate in healthy mice, contrasting with findings for HPT. Thus, functionalized ss-HPT, a bioreducible polyaminoglycoside, holds promise as an effective option to enhance therapeutic outcomes for trauma patients by alleviating posttrauma inflammation and coagulation complications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Inflammation ; Blood Coagulation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Tobramycin/pharmacology ; Tobramycin/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Tobramycin (VZ8RRZ51VK)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2808093-2
ISSN	2198-3844 ; 2198-3844
ISSN (online)	2198-3844
ISSN	2198-3844
DOI	10.1002/advs.202305273
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Article ; Online: Construction of CpG Delivery Nanoplatforms by Functionalized MoS

Li, Hongxia / Liu, Ming / Zhang, Shuaiyin / Xie, Xinran / Zhu, Yuefei / Liu, Tianrun / Li, Jian / Tu, Zhaoxu / Wen, Weiping

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2023 Volume 19, Issue 41, Page(s) e2300380

Abstract: Despite the promising achievements of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for tumor treatment, its therapeutic effect against solid tumors is limited due to the suppressed tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Herein, a series of polyethyleneimine ( ... ...

Abstract	Despite the promising achievements of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for tumor treatment, its therapeutic effect against solid tumors is limited due to the suppressed tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Herein, a series of polyethyleneimine (Mw = 0.8k, PEI
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/drug therapy ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Molybdenum ; Immunotherapy ; Cytokines ; Tumor Microenvironment
Chemical Substances	Molybdenum (81AH48963U) ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-20
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2168935-0
ISSN	1613-6829 ; 1613-6810
ISSN (online)	1613-6829
ISSN	1613-6810
DOI	10.1002/smll.202300380
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Article ; Online: Targeted nanotheranostics for the treatment of epilepsy through in vivo hijacking of locally activated macrophages.

Lin, Lin / Geng, Daoying / She, Dejun / Kuai, Xinping / Du, Chengjuan / Fu, Pengfei / Zhu, Yuefei / Wang, Jianhong / Pang, Zhiqing / Zhang, Jun

Acta biomaterialia

2023 Volume 174, Page(s) 314–330

Abstract: Epilepsy refers to a disabling neurological disorder featured by the long-term and unpredictable occurrence of seizures owing to abnormal excessive neuronal electrical activity and is closely linked to unresolved inflammation, oxidative stress, and ... ...

Abstract	Epilepsy refers to a disabling neurological disorder featured by the long-term and unpredictable occurrence of seizures owing to abnormal excessive neuronal electrical activity and is closely linked to unresolved inflammation, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. The difficulty of accurate localization and targeted drug delivery to the lesion hinders the effective treatment of this disease. The locally activated inflammatory cells in the epileptogenic region offer a new opportunity for drug delivery to the lesion. In this work, CD163-positive macrophages in the epileptogenic region were first harnessed as Trojan horses after being hijacked by targeted albumin manganese dioxide nanoparticles, which effectively penetrated the brain endothelial barrier and delivered multifunctional nanomedicines to the epileptic foci. Hence, accumulative nanoparticles empowered the visualization of the epileptogenic lesion through microenvironment-responsive MR T1-weight imaging of manganese dioxide. Besides, these manganese-based nanomaterials played a pivotal role in shielding neurons from cell apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress and hypoxia. Taken together, the present study provides an up-to-date approach for integrated diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy and other hypoxia-associated inflammatory diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The therapeutic effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are hindered by insufficient drug accumulation in the epileptic site. Herein, we report an efficient strategy to use locally activated macrophages as carriers to deliver multifunctional nanoparticles to the brain lesion. As MR-responsive T1 contrast agents, multifunctional BMC nanoparticles can be harnessed to accurately localize the epileptogenic region with high sensitivity and specificity. Meanwhile, catalytic nanoparticles BMC can synergistically scavenge ROS, generate O
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Theranostic Nanomedicine ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Macrophages ; Hypoxia ; Nanoparticles/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	manganese dioxide (TF219GU161)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2173841-5
ISSN	1878-7568 ; 1742-7061
ISSN (online)	1878-7568
ISSN	1742-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.027
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