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Article ; Online: Az agrárpiac rehabilitálása Magyarországon 1956 után

Zsuzsanna Varga

Metszetek, Iss 2-

2022 Volume 3

Abstract: A tervgazdasággal foglalkozó magyarországi szakirodalom fókuszában mind a rendszerváltás előtt, mind az azóta eltelt időszakban elsősorban az ipari vállalatok vizsgálata állt. Az agrárium szereplőivel alig foglalkoztak annak ellenére, hogy éppen ezen a ... ...

Abstract	A tervgazdasággal foglalkozó magyarországi szakirodalom fókuszában mind a rendszerváltás előtt, mind az azóta eltelt időszakban elsősorban az ipari vállalatok vizsgálata állt. Az agrárium szereplőivel alig foglalkoztak annak ellenére, hogy éppen ezen a területen került sor először a piaci mechanizmusok részleges korrekciójára. A jelen tanulmány egyrészt arra keresi a választ, hogy miért éppen az agrárgazdaságban indult meg a piac rehabilitálása, s meddig jutott el ez a folyamat. Másrészt pedig azt vizsgálja, hogy a piac működéséről felhalmozódott agrárgazdasági tapasztalatok milyen hatást gyakoroltak az 1960-as évek gazdasági reformmunkálataira/ új gazdasági mechanizmus előkészítő munkálatai során. Kísérlet a piac kiiktatására a Rákosi-korszakban Az 1945-49 közötti időszakkal foglalkozó kutatók között a mai napig intenzív vita folyik arról, hogy mikortól is lehet egyértelműen szovjet típusú berendezkedésről beszélni Magyarországon. Annak megítélésében már konszenzus alakult ki, hogy a fordulat nem egyidőben következett be a politikai és a gazdasági életben. Ez utóbbi területen az 1948. március 25-én kiadott, a 100-nál több munkást foglalkoztató üzemek államosításáról szóló minisztertanácsi rendelet hozott döntő fordulatot. (Pető 1998: 95-110.) Az államosítások révén lehetőség nyílt arra, hogy a piaci viszonyok kiiktatásával központilag irányított termelési és elosztási rendszerre térjenek át, ahol az állam tulajdonába került vállalatoknak kötelező tervutasításokkal előírták, hogy miből mennyit termeljenek. A szocializmus nagy előnyét abban jelölte meg a hivatalos ideológia, hogy a termelőeszközök magántulajdonának és a piacnak a felszámolásával lehetővé válik a népgazdasági méretekben való szervezettség, s ezáltal kiiktatódnak olyan problémák, mint a túltermelési válság, a munkanélküliség, stb. (Kornai 1993: 140-159.) A szovjet típusú tervgazdaság Magyarországon az ipar és a nagykereskedelem területén már az első ötéves terv 1950. évi elindulása előtt életbe lépett. Más volt a helyzet a mezőgazdaságban, ahol az ...
Keywords	Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of Debrecen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: What do patients think about the Hungarian health care system and medical students’ learning outcomes? A cross-sectional study on the patients’ perspective in Hungary

Zsuzsanna Varga / Zsuzsanna Pótó / Árpád Csathó / Zsuzsanna Füzesi

BMC Medical Education, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background The doctor-patient relationship has changed a lot in the 21st century and the varying expectations of the patients play an important role in future professional medical care. The knowledge of patients’ needs is crucial in determining ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background The doctor-patient relationship has changed a lot in the 21st century and the varying expectations of the patients play an important role in future professional medical care. The knowledge of patients’ needs is crucial in determining the learning outcomes in medical education. The objective of this study was to examine the expectations of the patients regarding professional and soft skills (e.g. communicational skills, empathy) of doctors and to get a deeper view. Methods Face-to face data collection through self-reported questionnaire in accredited health care institutions (GPs, hospitals, outpatient care) in Hungary was carried out in 2019. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, k-means cluster and gap matrices were performed to analyze the data. Results In total 1115 patients (male-female: 50–50%, age groups: between 18 and 30: 20%, between 31 and 60: 40% above 60: 40%) participated in the survey. They rated sixteen learning outcomes along with two dimensions: importance and satisfaction. Except for one learning outcome, patients rated the outcomes more important than they were satisfied with them (negative gap). Positive gap was registered only in the case of respecting individual specialty during patient care. Conclusions The results suggest the importance of learning outcomes in relation to the rate of satisfaction from the patients’ perspectives. In addition, the results support that patients’ need are not met in medical care. Patients’ ratings also make an emphasis on the fact that besides professional knowledge other learning outcomes are also important in health care which should have been emphasized as a basis in medical education.
Keywords	Medical teacher ; Pedagogical skills ; Gap matrix ; Patients’ expectation ; Patients’ satisfaction ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	027
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Effect of Grapevine Variety and Wine Region on the Primer Parameters of Wine Based on 1 H NMR-Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Methods

Ágnes Diána Nyitrainé Sárdy / Márta Ladányi / Zsuzsanna Varga / Áron Pál Szövényi / Réka Matolcsi

Diversity, Vol 14, Iss 74, p

2022 Volume 74

Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an innovative method for wine analysis. Every grapevine variety has a unique structural formula, which can be considered as the genetic fingerprint of the plant. This specificity appears in the composition ...

Abstract	Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an innovative method for wine analysis. Every grapevine variety has a unique structural formula, which can be considered as the genetic fingerprint of the plant. This specificity appears in the composition of the final product (wine). In the present study, the originality of Hungarian wines was investigated with 1 H NMR-spectroscopy considering 861 wine samples of four varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon, Blaufränkisch, Merlot, and Pinot Noir) that were collected from two wine regions (Villány, Eger) in 2015 and 2016. The aim of our analysis was to classify these varieties and region and to select the most important traits from the observed 22 ones (alcohols, sugars, acids, decomposition products, biogene amines, polyphenols, fermentation compounds, etc.) in order to detect their effect in the identification. From the tested four classification methods—linear discriminant analysis (LDA), neural networks (NN), support vector machines (SVM), and random forest (RF)—the last two were the most successful according to their accuracy. Based on 1000 runs for each, we report the classification results and show that NMR analysis completed with machine learning methods such as SVM or RF might be a successfully applicable approach for wine identification.
Keywords	1 H-NMR spectroscopy ; grapevine variety ; geographical origin ; vintage ; Hungarian wine ; machine learning methods ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Degradation of Maprotiline in Water—Kinetics, Degradation Products and Potential Ecotoxicity

Nuno P. F Gonçalves / Zsuzsanna Varga / Edith Nicol / Paola Calza / Stéphane Bouchonnet

Catalysts, Vol 11, Iss 2, p

2021 Volume 240

Abstract: The impact of different oxidation processes on the maprotiline degradation pathways was investigated by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) experiments. The in-house SPIX software was used to process HRMS data allowing to ... ...

Abstract	The impact of different oxidation processes on the maprotiline degradation pathways was investigated by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) experiments. The in-house SPIX software was used to process HRMS data allowing to ensure the potential singular species formed. Semiconductors photocatalysts, namely Fe-ZnO, Ce-ZnO and TiO 2 , proved to be more efficient than heterogeneous photo-Fenton processes in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and persulfate. No significant differences were observed in the degradation pathways in the presence of photocatalysis, while the SO 4 − mediated process promote the formation of different transformation products (TPs). Species resulting from ring-openings were observed with higher persistence in the presence of SO 4 − . In-silico tests on mutagenicity, developmental/reproductive toxicity, Fathead minnow LC 50 , D. magna LC 50 , fish acute LC 50 were carried out to estimate the toxicity of the identified transformation products. Low toxicant properties were estimated for TPs resulting from hydroxylation onto bridge rather than onto aromatic rings, as well as those resulting from the ring-opening.
Keywords	maprotiline ; advanced oxidation processes ; LC/HRMS coupling ; structural elucidation ; kinetics ; ecotoxicity estimations ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impact of Using Organic Yeast in the Fermentation Process of Wine

Balázs Nagy / Zsuzsanna Varga / Réka Matolcsi / Nikolett Kellner / Áron Szövényi / Diána Nyitrainé Sárdy

Processes, Vol 9, Iss 1, p

2021 Volume 155

Abstract: The aim of this study was to find out what kind of “Bianca” wine could be produced when using organic yeast, what are the dynamics of the resulting alcoholic fermentation, and whether this method is suitable for industrial production as well. Due to the ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to find out what kind of “Bianca” wine could be produced when using organic yeast, what are the dynamics of the resulting alcoholic fermentation, and whether this method is suitable for industrial production as well. Due to the stricter rules and regulations, as well as the limited amount and selection of the permitted chemicals, resistant, also known as interspecific or innovative grape varieties, can be the ideal basic materials of alternative cultivation technologies. Well-designed analytical and organoleptic results have to provide the scientific background of resistant varieties, as these cultivars and their environmentally friendly cultivation techniques could be the raw materials of the future. The role of the yeast in wine production is crucial. We fermented wines from the “Bianca” juice samples three times where model chemical solutions were applied. In our research, we aimed to find out how organic yeast influenced the biogenic amine formation of three important compounds: histamine, tyramine, and serotonin. The main results of this study showed that all the problematic values (e.g., histamine) were under the critical limit (1 g/L), although the organic samples resulted in a significantly higher level than the control wines. The glycerin content correlated with the literature values, since it is well known that the glycerin-pyruvic acid transformation results in a 6–10 g/L concentration.
Keywords	wine fermentation ; organic yeast ; innovative grape varieties ; organic wine ; biogenic amine ; polyphenol content ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Biomarker dynamics and prognosis in breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Cristina Zarotti / Bärbel Papassotiropoulos / Constanze Elfgen / Konstantin Dedes / Denise Vorburger / Bernhard Pestalozzi / Andreas Trojan / Zsuzsanna Varga

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 14

Abstract: Abstract Breast cancer is a biologically diverse disease with treatment modalities selected based on tumor stage and tumor biology. Distinct intrinsic subtypes and surrogate biomarker profiles play a major role for therapeutic decisions. Response rates ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Breast cancer is a biologically diverse disease with treatment modalities selected based on tumor stage and tumor biology. Distinct intrinsic subtypes and surrogate biomarker profiles play a major role for therapeutic decisions. Response rates to systemic and local treatments as well as the interaction with epidemiological risk factors have been validated in clinical trials and translational studies. This retrospective study addresses the question how biomarker profiles and treatment modalities in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy setting have changed during the past 15 years and what prognostic impact these changes implicate. 342 female breast cancer stage I-IV patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 2003 and 2017 were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was correlated with preoperative clinical stage, postoperative pathological stage, treatment modalities and tumor biology before and after chemotherapy. Two subgroups were separated using an arbitrary cut-off year at 2009/2010, due to 2010 when platinum containing regimens were first administered. Median follow-up was 54 months. 57 (17%) patients died; recurrences occurred in 103 of 342 (30%) patients. Nodal stage and intrinsic subtypes (pre- and postoperative) significantly correlated with OS (p < 0.001). Preoperative histological grading lacked prognostic power. When comparing the patient characteristics of the subgroups, we found significant difference in the following characteristics: cT, ypT, ypN, pCR and chemotherapy regimens (p < 0.001). There was no difference in OS when comparing the two subgroups. Pathological complete response (pCR) rates had a significant impact on OS and disease-free survival (DFS) in HER2+ and triple negative subtypes (p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, high proliferation index (> 30%), clinical metastatic stage and pathological tumor stage had prognostic impact on OS (p < 0.001, p = 0.0001, p = 0.002). Clinico-pathological factors and distinct therapy regiments especially in triple negative and HER2+ ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impact of Modified 2013 ASCO/CAP Guidelines on HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer. One Year Experience.

Zsuzsanna Varga / Aurelia Noske

PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 10, p e

2015 Volume 0140652

Abstract: The latest guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) to test Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer after being revised in 2008 underwent a second modification in October ...

Abstract	The latest guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) to test Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer after being revised in 2008 underwent a second modification in October 2013. The modification includes changes in cut-offs: 10% strong membranous staining for score 3+ on immunohistochemistry (IHC) (previously 30%) and using the ratio of >2 or absolute gene-copy-number (6 or more) alone or in combination with each other by in-situ-hybridisation technology (previously >2.2 and average copy-number of 6 or more). Hereby we addressed the question, which impact the modified cut-offs had on overall HER2-positivity in a single institution.We prospectively analysed 617 consecutive diagnostic breast-cancer cases which underwent double HER2 testing by immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in-situ hybridisation (FISH), using the modified 2013 ASCO/CAP-guidelines for one year (October 2013-October 2014). Results were compared with HER2-test results on 1,528 consecutive diagnostic breast-cancer cases from two previous years (2011-2012), using the 2008 ASCO/CAP guidelines, also tested with IHC and FISH in each case.Between October 2013 and October 2014, overall HER2-positivity was 15.8% (98 of 617 cases were either IHC 3+ or FISH amplified). 79 of 617 cases (13%) were IHC 3+, 96 of 617 cases (15.5%) were FISH amplified. Equivocal cases were seen in 25 of 617 cases (4.1%). 22 of 25 equivocal cases (88%) in 2013-2014 were IHC 1+ or 2+. In 13 equivocal cases, there was a repeated IHC/FISH testing: 2 of 13 cases (15%) became FISH amplified, 1 of 13 cases (7.5%) became IHC 3+. In 2011-2012, overall HER2-positivity (IHC/FISH) was 13.8% (211 of 1,528 cases). 185 of 1,528 cases (12%) were 3+ on IHC, 181 of 1,522 cases (12%) were amplified by FISH. Six of 1,528 cases were equivocal by FISH, and interpreted as non-amplified (0.3%).Applying the modified ASCO/CAP guidelines from 2013 resulted in an increase (2%) in overall HER2-positivity rate compared ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Iterative phase contrast CT reconstruction with novel tomographic operator and data-driven prior.

Stefano van Gogh / Subhadip Mukherjee / Jinqiu Xu / Zhentian Wang / Michał Rawlik / Zsuzsanna Varga / Rima Alaifari / Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb / Marco Stampanoni

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 9, p e

2022 Volume 0272963

Abstract: Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy in women in many countries around the world, thus calling for better imaging technologies to improve screening and diagnosis. Grating interferometry (GI)-based phase contrast X-ray CT is a promising ... ...

Abstract	Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy in women in many countries around the world, thus calling for better imaging technologies to improve screening and diagnosis. Grating interferometry (GI)-based phase contrast X-ray CT is a promising technique which could make the transition to clinical practice and improve breast cancer diagnosis by combining the high three-dimensional resolution of conventional CT with higher soft-tissue contrast. Unfortunately though, obtaining high-quality images is challenging. Grating fabrication defects and photon starvation lead to high noise amplitudes in the measured data. Moreover, the highly ill-conditioned differential nature of the GI-CT forward operator renders the inversion from corrupted data even more cumbersome. In this paper, we propose a novel regularized iterative reconstruction algorithm with an improved tomographic operator and a powerful data-driven regularizer to tackle this challenging inverse problem. Our algorithm combines the L-BFGS optimization scheme with a data-driven prior parameterized by a deep neural network. Importantly, we propose a novel regularization strategy to ensure that the trained network is non-expansive, which is critical for the convergence and stability analysis we provide. We empirically show that the proposed method achieves high quality images, both on simulated data as well as on real measurements.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Analysis of a Special Sulphite-Producing Yeast Starter after Fermentation and during Wine Maturation

Diána Sárdy Nyitrai / Zsuzsanna Varga / Annamária Sólyom-Leskó / Miklós Kállay / Szabina Steckl / Balázs Nagy / Dorottya Kocsis / Eszter Antal

Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 8848, p

2022 Volume 8848

Abstract: In the present study, we investigated the extent to which specific sulphur dioxide-producing wine yeasts produce SO 2 during alcoholic fermentation and whether the SO 2 they produce is sufficient to prevent oxidation during wine storage. Fermentation was ...

Abstract	In the present study, we investigated the extent to which specific sulphur dioxide-producing wine yeasts produce SO 2 during alcoholic fermentation and whether the SO 2 they produce is sufficient to prevent oxidation during wine storage. Fermentation was carried out at 12 °C and 20 °C. After inoculation with yeast, the evolution of free and total sulphurous acid concentrations, acetaldehyde concentrations (11.6–46.9 mg L −1 ) and total polyphenol concentrations (137.4–244.7 mg L −1 ), including leucoanthocyanin and catechin concentrations (leucoanthocyanidin: 8.5–75.1 mg L −1 catechin: 70.8–115.4 mg L −1 ), were investigated during the storage of fermented wines. The amount of free sulphur dioxide was measured between 5 and 10 mg L −1 . Total sulphuric acid ranged from 6 to 22 mg L −1 , taking into account the results of the three years studied. The aim of our tests was to observe whether the use of sulphur-producing yeasts during the ageing of fermented wines showed any benefit. The results of all three vintages tested showed that neither the 12 °C nor the 20 °C fermented batches showed any advantage in using sulphur dioxide-producing yeasts. Our results show that there is no clear evidence that the yeast produces sufficient sulphur dioxide during fermentation and that there is no clear demonstrable benefit from its use.
Keywords	sulfur-dioxide ; dry yeast starter ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Ectopic axillary breast cancer in a male patient

Nils Peil / Zsuzsanna Varga / Marjam J. Barysch / Cornelia Brüssow / Konstantin J. Dedes

Clinical Case Reports, Vol 8, Iss 11, Pp 2324-

2020 Volume 2325

Abstract: Abstract Ectopic breast tissue can persist in the axilla due to lack of involution of mammary glands along the mammary lines. It is rare in men, and the malignant transformation to breast cancer has occasionally been described. Differential diagnosis of ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Ectopic breast tissue can persist in the axilla due to lack of involution of mammary glands along the mammary lines. It is rare in men, and the malignant transformation to breast cancer has occasionally been described. Differential diagnosis of any axillary tumor should include breast cancer arising at ectopic sites.
Keywords	axillary cancer ; axillary tumor ; breast cancer ; ectopic breast tissue ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
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