Article ; Online: Identification of immunomodulatory drugs that inhibit multiple inflammasomes and impair SARS-CoV-2 infection.
2022 Volume 8, Issue 37, Page(s) eabo5400
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 in most cases, but some patients develop an excessive inflammatory process that can be fatal. As the NLRP3 inflammasome and additional inflammasomes are ... ...
| Abstract | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 in most cases, but some patients develop an excessive inflammatory process that can be fatal. As the NLRP3 inflammasome and additional inflammasomes are implicated in disease aggravation, drug repositioning to target inflammasomes emerges as a strategy to treat COVID-19. Here, we performed a high-throughput screening using a 2560 small-molecule compound library and identified FDA-approved drugs that function as pan-inflammasome inhibitors. Our best hit, niclosamide (NIC), effectively inhibits both inflammasome activation and SARS-CoV-2 replication. Mechanistically, induction of autophagy by NIC partially accounts for inhibition of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes, but NIC-mediated inhibition of NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome are autophagy independent. NIC potently inhibited inflammasome activation in human monocytes infected in vitro, in PBMCs from patients with COVID-19, and in vivo in a mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study provides relevant information regarding the immunomodulatory functions of this promising drug for COVID-19 treatment. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Humans ; Immunomodulating Agents ; Inflammasomes ; Mice ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment |
| Chemical Substances | Immunomodulating Agents ; Inflammasomes ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2022-09-14 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2810933-8 |
| ISSN | 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548 |
| ISSN (online) | 2375-2548 |
| ISSN | 2375-2548 |
| DOI | 10.1126/sciadv.abo5400 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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