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  1. Article ; Online: Complement genetics and susceptibility to inflammatory disease. Lessons from genotype-phenotype correlations.

    de Córdoba, Santiago Rodríguez

    Immunobiology

    2016  Volume 221, Issue 6, Page(s) 709–714

    Abstract: Different genome-wide linkage and association studies performed during the last 15 years have associated mutations and polymorphisms in complement genes with different diseases characterized by tissue damage and inflammation. These are complex disorders ... ...

    Abstract Different genome-wide linkage and association studies performed during the last 15 years have associated mutations and polymorphisms in complement genes with different diseases characterized by tissue damage and inflammation. These are complex disorders in which genetically susceptible individuals usually develop the pathology as a consequence of environmental triggers. Although complement dysregulation is a common feature of these pathologies, how the disease phenotype is determined is only partly understood. One way to advance understanding is to focus the research in the analysis of the peculiar genotype-phenotype correlations that characterize some of these diseases. I will review here how understanding the functional consequences of these disease-associated complement genetic variants is providing us with novel insights into the underpinning complement biology and a better knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying each of these pathologies. These advances have important therapeutic and diagnostic implications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 563292-4
    ISSN 1878-3279 ; 0171-2985
    ISSN (online) 1878-3279
    ISSN 0171-2985
    DOI 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.05.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Successful pharmacological intervention at different levels of the complement system in an in vitro complement fixation model for bullous pemphigoid.

    Giang, Jenny / van Doorn, Martijn B A / Diercks, Gilles F H / de Cordoba, Santiago Rodriguez / van den Bosch, Thierry P P / Schreurs, Marco W J / Poppelaars, Felix / Damman, Jeffrey

    Experimental dermatology

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 632–640

    Abstract: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is characterized by deposition of immunoglobulins and complement along the epidermal basement membrane (BM). In humans, there is a lack of functional studies targeting the complement system (CS). This study investigates activation ...

    Abstract Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is characterized by deposition of immunoglobulins and complement along the epidermal basement membrane (BM). In humans, there is a lack of functional studies targeting the complement system (CS). This study investigates activation of all complement pathways in BP skin biopsies. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition at different levels of the CS was investigated using anti-complement compounds in a complement fixation BP assay. In this retrospective study, 21 frozen biopsies from BP patients were stained by direct immunofluorescence for C1q, MBL, ficolin-2, C4d, properdin, C3c and C5b-9. Sera from 10 patients were analysed in a complement fixation assay in the presence of C1 inhibitor, anti-factor B monoclonal antibody (mAb), anti-C3 mAb and anti-C5 mAb and compared with dexamethasone. The two readouts were the quantity of complement deposited along the BM and the release of sC5b-9 in the supernatant. Our results show classical and alternative complement pathway activation in BP skin biopsies, but could not demonstrate significant lectin pathway activation. In contrast to dexamethasone, complement deposition along the BM could be selectively inhibited by anti-C1 and anti- factor B. More downstream, selective intervention at the level of C3 and C5 could effectively reduce complement deposition along the BM and the release of sC5b-9 in the supernatant. This study shows that selective intervention in either the classical, alternative or terminal pathway prevented deposition of complement along the BM in an in vitro BP model. The results of our study greatly encourage the clinical development of complement inhibitors for the treatment of BP.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; Retrospective Studies ; Complement System Proteins ; Antibodies ; Dexamethasone
    Chemical Substances Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7) ; Antibodies ; Dexamethasone (7S5I7G3JQL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1130936-2
    ISSN 1600-0625 ; 0906-6705
    ISSN (online) 1600-0625
    ISSN 0906-6705
    DOI 10.1111/exd.14755
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Is the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome risk polymorphism in Membrane Cofactor Protein MCPggaac relevant in kidney transplantation? A case report.

    Sánchez-Moreno, Ana / de la Cerda, Francisco / Rodríguez-Barba, Adela / Fijo, Julia / Bedoya, Rafael / Arjona, Emilia / de Córdoba, Santiago Rodríguez

    Pediatric transplantation

    2020  Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) e13903

    Abstract: aHUS is a rare disease characterized by episodes of TMA that frequently progresses to CKD and often recurs after KT. The most frequent cause of aHUS is defective regulation of complement activation because of genetic anomalies. Eculizumab interrupts the ... ...

    Abstract aHUS is a rare disease characterized by episodes of TMA that frequently progresses to CKD and often recurs after KT. The most frequent cause of aHUS is defective regulation of complement activation because of genetic anomalies. Eculizumab interrupts the process of TMA and improves renal function. We describe one female patient with aHUS who debuted in 2005 at 3-mo-old with extrarenal manifestations and progressed to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) within a year. Her family history included several affected members with similar bad outcomes. Our patient carries a strong aHUS genetic predisposition consisting in a pathogenic gain-of-function mutation in complement factor B concurrent with the MCP aHUS risk haplotype MCPggaac. She received a kidney transplant in 2011 without eculizumab prophylaxis. The graft, which was negative for the MCPggaac risk haplotype, had an unexpected excellent evolution without aHUS recurrence. Different retrospective studies have shown that the risk of aHUS recurrence after KT correlates well with the genetic load of aHUS risk factors. Knowing important contribution of the MCPggaac risk haplotype to the risk of developing aHUS in Factor B mutations carriers, we speculate whether the absence of this polymorphism in the graft that our patient received may have decreased the risk of aHUS recurrence after KT.
    MeSH term(s) Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney Transplantation ; Membrane Cofactor Protein/genetics ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Assessment
    Chemical Substances CD46 protein, human ; Membrane Cofactor Protein
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-20
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1390284-2
    ISSN 1399-3046 ; 1397-3142
    ISSN (online) 1399-3046
    ISSN 1397-3142
    DOI 10.1111/petr.13903
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Gain-of-function mutation in complement C2 protein identified in a patient with aHUS.

    Urban, Aleksandra / Volokhina, Elena / Felberg, Anna / Stasiłojć, Grzegorz / Blom, Anna M / Jongerius, Ilse / van den Heuvel, Lambertus / Thiel, Marcel / Ołdziej, Stanisław / Arjona, Emilia / de Córdoba, Santiago Rodriguez / Okrój, Marcin

    The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

    2020  Volume 146, Issue 4, Page(s) 916–919.e11

    MeSH term(s) Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/diagnosis ; Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/genetics ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Complement Activation/genetics ; Complement C2/genetics ; Gain of Function Mutation ; Genetic Association Studies/methods ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Guanine Nucleotide-Releasing Factor 2/genetics ; Humans ; Mutation, Missense ; Phenotype
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies ; Complement C2 ; Guanine Nucleotide-Releasing Factor 2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 121011-7
    ISSN 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
    ISSN (online) 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
    ISSN 0091-6749
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.02.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: How novel structures inform understanding of complement function.

    de Jorge, Elena Goicoechea / Yebenes, Hugo / Serna, Marina / Tortajada, Agustín / Llorca, Oscar / de Córdoba, Santiago Rodríguez

    Seminars in immunopathology

    2017  Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–14

    Abstract: During the last decade, the complement field has experienced outstanding advancements in the mechanistic understanding of how complement activators are recognized, what C3 activation means, how protein complexes like the C3 convertases and the membrane ... ...

    Abstract During the last decade, the complement field has experienced outstanding advancements in the mechanistic understanding of how complement activators are recognized, what C3 activation means, how protein complexes like the C3 convertases and the membrane attack complex are assembled, and how positive and negative complement regulators perform their function. All of this has been made possible mostly because of the contributions of structural biology to the study of the complement components. The wealth of novel structural data has frequently provided support to previously held knowledge, but often has added alternative and unexpected insights into complement function. Here, we will review some of these findings focusing in the alternative and terminal complement pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carrier Proteins ; Complement Activation/immunology ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases/chemistry ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases/immunology ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases/metabolism ; Complement System Proteins/chemistry ; Complement System Proteins/physiology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Humans ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Signal Transduction ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity
    Chemical Substances Carrier Proteins ; Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7) ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases (EC 3.4.21.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2316828-6
    ISSN 1863-2300 ; 1863-2297
    ISSN (online) 1863-2300
    ISSN 1863-2297
    DOI 10.1007/s00281-017-0643-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Eculizumab in pregnancy-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: insights for optimizing management.

    De Sousa Amorim, Erika / Blasco, Miquel / Quintana, Luis / Sole, Manel / de Cordoba, Santiago Rodríguez / Campistol, Josep Maria

    Journal of nephrology

    2015  Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 641–645

    Abstract: Pregnancy-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a systemic disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway, leading to uncontrolled complement activation resulting in ... ...

    Abstract Pregnancy-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a systemic disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway, leading to uncontrolled complement activation resulting in thrombotic microangiopathy. This condition can be effectively treated by anti-C5 therapy, which controls complement activation. Treatment can be safely discontinued after complete remission and resolution of the precipitating cause, especially in patients with a low-risk genetic profile.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage ; Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/diagnosis ; Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome/drug therapy ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease Management ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney/pathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy ; Remission Induction
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; eculizumab (A3ULP0F556)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1093991-x
    ISSN 1724-6059 ; 1120-3625 ; 1121-8428
    ISSN (online) 1724-6059
    ISSN 1120-3625 ; 1121-8428
    DOI 10.1007/s40620-015-0173-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Complement dysregulation and disease: from genes and proteins to diagnostics and drugs.

    de Cordoba, Santiago Rodriguez / Tortajada, Agustin / Harris, Claire L / Morgan, B Paul

    Immunobiology

    2012  Volume 217, Issue 11, Page(s) 1034–1046

    Abstract: During the last decade, numerous studies have associated genetic variations in complement components and regulators with a number of chronic and infectious diseases. The functional characterization of these complement protein variants, in addition to ... ...

    Abstract During the last decade, numerous studies have associated genetic variations in complement components and regulators with a number of chronic and infectious diseases. The functional characterization of these complement protein variants, in addition to recent structural advances in understanding of the assembly, activation and regulation of the AP C3 convertase, have provided important insights into the pathogenic mechanisms involved in some of these complement related disorders. This knowledge has identified potential targets for complement inhibitory therapies which are demonstrating efficacy and generating considerable expectation in changing the natural history of these diseases. Comprehensive understanding of the genetic and non-genetic risk factors contributing to these disorders will also result in targeting of the right patient groups in a stratified medicine approach through better diagnostics and individually tailored treatments, thereby improving management of patients.
    MeSH term(s) Complement Activation/genetics ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases/genetics ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases/metabolism ; Complement Inactivator Proteins/genetics ; Complement System Proteins/genetics ; Complement System Proteins/metabolism ; Genetic Variation ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative/genetics ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative/immunology ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/genetics ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/immunology ; Humans ; Inflammation/genetics ; Inflammation/immunology ; Macular Degeneration/genetics ; Macular Degeneration/immunology
    Chemical Substances Complement Inactivator Proteins ; Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7) ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases (EC 3.4.21.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-08-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 563292-4
    ISSN 1878-3279 ; 0171-2985
    ISSN (online) 1878-3279
    ISSN 0171-2985
    DOI 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.07.021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Anti-C5 as prophylactic therapy in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in living-related kidney transplantation.

    Pelicano, Miquel Blasco / de Córdoba, Santiago Rodríguez / Diekmann, Fritz / Saiz, Mercedes / Herrero, Sara / Oppenheimer, Federic / Campistol, Josep M

    Transplantation

    2013  Volume 96, Issue 4, Page(s) e26–9

    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ; Complement C5/antagonists & inhibitors ; Complement Factor H/genetics ; Complement Inactivating Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/genetics ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/immunology ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/prevention & control ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/surgery ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Kidney Transplantation/immunology ; Living Donors ; Mutation, Missense ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; CFH protein, human ; Complement C5 ; Complement Inactivating Agents ; Complement Factor H (80295-65-4) ; eculizumab (A3ULP0F556)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 208424-7
    ISSN 1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
    ISSN (online) 1534-6080
    ISSN 0041-1337
    DOI 10.1097/TP.0b013e31829d388d
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Laforin and malin deletions in mice produce similar neurologic impairments.

    García-Cabrero, Ana M / Marinas, Ainhoa / Guerrero, Rosa / de Córdoba, Santiago Rodríguez / Serratosa, José M / Sánchez, Marina P

    Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

    2012  Volume 71, Issue 5, Page(s) 413–421

    Abstract: Lafora disease is a progressive myoclonus epilepsy caused by mutations in the EPM2A gene encoding laforin or in the EPM2B gene encoding malin. It is characterized by the presence of polyglucosan intracellular inclusion bodies (Lafora bodies) in brain and ...

    Abstract Lafora disease is a progressive myoclonus epilepsy caused by mutations in the EPM2A gene encoding laforin or in the EPM2B gene encoding malin. It is characterized by the presence of polyglucosan intracellular inclusion bodies (Lafora bodies) in brain and other tissues. Targeted disruption of Epm2a or Epm2b genes in mice produced widespread neuronal degeneration and accumulation of Lafora bodies in neuronal and nonneuronal tissues. Here we analyzed the neurologic alterations produced by disruption of the laforin gene in Epm2a mice and compared them to those in malin-deficient mice. Both Epm2a and Epm2b mice showed altered motor activity, impaired motor coordination, abnormal hind limb clasping, and episodic memory deficits. Epm2a mice also had tonic-clonic seizures, whereas both Epm2a and Epm2b mice had spontaneous single spikes, spike-wave, polyspikes, and polyspike-wave complexes with correlated myoclonic jerks. Neurologic alterations observed in the mutants were comparable and correlated with the accumulation of abundant Lafora bodies in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, the basal ganglia, the cerebellum, and the brainstem, suggesting that these inclusions could cause cognitive and behavioral deterioration. Thus, both Epm2a and Epm2b mice exhibit many pathologic aspects seen in patients with Lafora disease and may be valuable for the study of this disorder.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dual-Specificity Phosphatases/deficiency ; Electroencephalography ; Exons/genetics ; Exploratory Behavior/physiology ; Hindlimb Suspension/physiology ; Lafora Disease/complications ; Lafora Disease/genetics ; Lafora Disease/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Movement/physiology ; Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; Nervous System Diseases/genetics ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Postural Balance/genetics ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Recognition (Psychology)/physiology ; Sequence Deletion/genetics ; Stereotyped Behavior/physiology ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; Video Recording
    Chemical Substances Carrier Proteins ; NHLRC1 protein, mouse (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Dual-Specificity Phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.48) ; Epm2a protein, mouse (EC 3.1.3.48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3088-0
    ISSN 1554-6578 ; 0022-3069
    ISSN (online) 1554-6578
    ISSN 0022-3069
    DOI 10.1097/NEN.0b013e318253350f
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Case report: lupus nephritis with autoantibodies to complement alternative pathway proteins and C3 gene mutation.

    Nozal, Pilar / Garrido, Sofía / Martínez-Ara, Jorge / Picazo, María Luz / Yébenes, Laura / Álvarez-Doforno, Rita / Pinto, Sheila / de Córdoba, Santiago Rodríguez / López-Trascasa, Margarita

    BMC nephrology

    2015  Volume 16, Page(s) 40

    Abstract: Background: Glomerulonephritis is one of the most severe complications of lupus, a systemic disease with multi-organ involvement, with tissue damage produced mainly by complement activation. As a result of this activation, patients with active lupus ... ...

    Abstract Background: Glomerulonephritis is one of the most severe complications of lupus, a systemic disease with multi-organ involvement, with tissue damage produced mainly by complement activation. As a result of this activation, patients with active lupus present hypocomplementemia during disease flares, but C3 and C4 levels are recovered between episodes.
    Case presentation: We present a patient who suffered two lupus nephritis episodes in 5 years, achieving complete remission with treatment after both of them, but with C3 levels persistently below normal range. Genetic study revealed that the patient carried a mutation in heterozygosis in the C3 gene. Serial sera samples were analyzed, and autoantibodies to complement alternative pathway proteins (Factor I, Factor B, C3 and Properdin) were found. Functional assays showed that these autoantibodies cause alternative pathway activation.
    Conclusion: This case is the first reported of a heterozygous C3 mutation associated with lupus nephritis and autoantibodies against complement alternative pathway proteins (Factor I, Factor B, C3 and Properdin).These autoantibodies cause activation of this pathway and this fact could explain that the tissue damage is restricted to the kidney.
    MeSH term(s) Autoantibodies/immunology ; Complement C3/genetics ; Complement C3/immunology ; Complement Factor B/immunology ; Female ; Fibrinogen/immunology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Kidney/pathology ; Lupus Nephritis/genetics ; Lupus Nephritis/immunology ; Lupus Nephritis/pathology ; Mutation ; Properdin/immunology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies ; Complement C3 ; Properdin (11016-39-0) ; Fibrinogen (9001-32-5) ; Complement Factor B (EC 3.4.21.47)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041348-8
    ISSN 1471-2369 ; 1471-2369
    ISSN (online) 1471-2369
    ISSN 1471-2369
    DOI 10.1186/s12882-015-0032-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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