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  1. Article: Carnitine Requires Choline to Exert Physiological Effects in

    du Plessis, Michelle / Franken, Jaco / Bauer, Florian F

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2018  Volume 9, Page(s) 1362

    Abstract: L-Carnitine is a key metabolite in the energy metabolism of eukaryotic cells, functioning as a shuttling molecule for activated acyl-residues between cellular compartments. In higher eukaryotes this function is essential, and defects in carnitine ... ...

    Abstract L-Carnitine is a key metabolite in the energy metabolism of eukaryotic cells, functioning as a shuttling molecule for activated acyl-residues between cellular compartments. In higher eukaryotes this function is essential, and defects in carnitine metabolism has severe effects on fatty acid and carbon metabolism. Carnitine supplementation has been associated with an array of mostly beneficial impacts in higher eukaryotic cells, including stress protection and regulation of redox metabolism in diseased cells. Some of these phenotypes have no obvious link to the carnitine shuttle, and suggest that carnitine has as yet unknown shuttle-independent functions. The existence of shuttle-independent functions has also been suggested in
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01362
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Correction to: Microbial function and genital inflammation in young South African women at high risk of HIV infection.

    Alisoltani, Arghavan / Manhanzva, Monalisa T / Potgieter, Matthys / Balle, Christina / Bell, Liam / Ross, Elizabeth / Iranzadeh, Arash / du Plessis, Michelle / Radzey, Nina / McDonald, Zac / Calder, Bridget / Allali, Imane / Mulder, Nicola / Dabee, Smritee / Barnabas, Shaun / Gamieldien, Hoyam / Godzik, Adam / Blackburn, Jonathan M / Tabb, David L /
    Bekker, Linda-Gail / Jaspan, Heather B / Passmore, Jo-Ann S / Masson, Lindi

    Microbiome

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 42

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2697425-3
    ISSN 2049-2618 ; 2049-2618
    ISSN (online) 2049-2618
    ISSN 2049-2618
    DOI 10.1186/s40168-022-01245-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Origins of common fears in South African children.

    Muris, Peter / du Plessis, Michelle / Loxton, Helene

    Journal of anxiety disorders

    2008  Volume 22, Issue 8, Page(s) 1510–1515

    Abstract: The present study examined the origins of common childhood fears within a South African context. Six-hundred-and-fifty-five 10- to 14-year-old children were given a brief fear list that helped them to identify their most intense fear and then completed a ...

    Abstract The present study examined the origins of common childhood fears within a South African context. Six-hundred-and-fifty-five 10- to 14-year-old children were given a brief fear list that helped them to identify their most intense fear and then completed a brief questionnaire for assessing the origins of fears that was based on Rachman's [Rachman, S. (1977). The conditioning theory of fear acquisition: A critical examination. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 15, 375-387; Rachman, S. (1991). Neoconditioning and the classical theory of fear acquisition. Clinical Psychology Review, 17, 47-67] three-pathways theory. More precisely, children were asked to report whether they had experienced conditioning, modeling, and negative information experiences in relation to their most feared stimulus or situation, and also had to indicate to what extent such experiences had actually played a role in the onset and/or intensification of their fears. Results showed that children most frequently reported indirect learning experiences (i.e., modeling and negative information) in relation to their fears, whereas conditioning was clearly less often mentioned. The majority of the children had no precise idea of how their fear had actually begun, but a substantial proportion of them reported various learning experiences in relation to the onset and intensification of fears. Significant cultural differences were not only observed in the prevalence of common fears, but also in the pathways reported for the origins of fears. The results are briefly discussed in terms of the living conditions of South African children from various cultural backgrounds.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; African Continental Ancestry Group/psychology ; Animals ; Child ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; European Continental Ancestry Group/psychology ; Fear/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Individuality ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; Phobic Disorders/diagnosis ; Phobic Disorders/epidemiology ; Phobic Disorders/psychology ; Prevalence ; Psychology, Child ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 619417-5
    ISSN 1873-7897 ; 0887-6185
    ISSN (online) 1873-7897
    ISSN 0887-6185
    DOI 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.03.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 3269: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Microbial function and genital inflammation in young South African women at high risk of HIV infection.

    Alisoltani, Arghavan / Manhanzva, Monalisa T / Potgieter, Matthys / Balle, Christina / Bell, Liam / Ross, Elizabeth / Iranzadeh, Arash / du Plessis, Michelle / Radzey, Nina / McDonald, Zac / Calder, Bridget / Allali, Imane / Mulder, Nicola / Dabee, Smritee / Barnabas, Shaun / Gamieldien, Hoyam / Godzik, Adam / Blackburn, Jonathan M / Tabb, David L /
    Bekker, Linda-Gail / Jaspan, Heather B / Passmore, Jo-Ann S / Masson, Lindi

    Microbiome

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 165

    Abstract: Background: Female genital tract (FGT) inflammation is an important risk factor for HIV acquisition. The FGT microbiome is closely associated with inflammatory profile; however, the relative importance of microbial activities has not been established. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Female genital tract (FGT) inflammation is an important risk factor for HIV acquisition. The FGT microbiome is closely associated with inflammatory profile; however, the relative importance of microbial activities has not been established. Since proteins are key elements representing actual microbial functions, this study utilized metaproteomics to evaluate the relationship between FGT microbial function and inflammation in 113 young and adolescent South African women at high risk of HIV infection. Women were grouped as having low, medium, or high FGT inflammation by K-means clustering according to pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations.
    Results: A total of 3186 microbial and human proteins were identified in lateral vaginal wall swabs using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, while 94 microbial taxa were included in the taxonomic analysis. Both metaproteomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses showed increased non-optimal bacteria and decreased lactobacilli in women with FGT inflammatory profiles. However, differences in the predicted relative abundance of most bacteria were observed between 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metaproteomics analyses. Bacterial protein functional annotations (gene ontology) predicted inflammatory cytokine profiles more accurately than bacterial relative abundance determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, as well as functional predictions based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data (p < 0.0001). The majority of microbial biological processes were underrepresented in women with high inflammation compared to those with low inflammation, including a Lactobacillus-associated signature of reduced cell wall organization and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. This signature remained associated with high FGT inflammation in a subset of 74 women 9 weeks later, was upheld after adjusting for Lactobacillus relative abundance, and was associated with in vitro inflammatory cytokine responses to Lactobacillus isolates from the same women. Reduced cell wall organization and peptidoglycan biosynthesis were also associated with high FGT inflammation in an independent sample of ten women.
    Conclusions: Both the presence of specific microbial taxa in the FGT and their properties and activities are critical determinants of FGT inflammation. Our findings support those of previous studies suggesting that peptidoglycan is directly immunosuppressive, and identify a possible avenue for biotherapeutic development to reduce inflammation in the FGT. To facilitate further investigations of microbial activities, we have developed the FGT-DB application that is available at http://fgtdb.org/ . Video Abstract.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Female ; HIV Infections/transmission ; Humans ; Inflammation/microbiology ; Inflammation/pathology ; Proteomics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Risk Factors ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Vagina/microbiology ; Vagina/pathology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 2697425-3
    ISSN 2049-2618 ; 2049-2618
    ISSN (online) 2049-2618
    ISSN 2049-2618
    DOI 10.1186/s40168-020-00932-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: DSM-defined anxiety disorders symptoms in South African youths: Their assessment and relationship with perceived parental rearing behaviors.

    Muris, Peter / Loxton, Helene / Neumann, Anna / du Plessis, Michelle / King, Neville / Ollendick, Thomas

    Behaviour research and therapy

    2006  Volume 44, Issue 6, Page(s) 883–896

    Abstract: This study investigated DSM-defined anxiety symptoms in South African youths. Children and adolescents (N = 701) from various cultural groups completed the SCARED and a questionnaire measuring perceived parental rearing behaviors. Results indicated that ... ...

    Abstract This study investigated DSM-defined anxiety symptoms in South African youths. Children and adolescents (N = 701) from various cultural groups completed the SCARED and a questionnaire measuring perceived parental rearing behaviors. Results indicated that the psychometric properties of the SCARED were satisfactory in the total sample of South African youths, and acceptable in colored and black children and adolescents. Further, colored and black youths displayed higher SCARED scores than white youths, and there were also differences in the perceived parental rearing behaviors of the cultural groups. White youths generally rated their parents' rearing behaviors as less anxious, overprotective, and rejective, but more emotionally warm than colored and black youths. Finally, positive correlations were found between anxious rearing, overprotection, and rejection and anxiety symptoms. The clinical and research implications of these findings are briefly discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; African Continental Ancestry Group/psychology ; Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis ; Anxiety Disorders/ethnology ; Anxiety Disorders/etiology ; Child ; European Continental Ancestry Group/psychology ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parenting/psychology ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Risk Factors ; South Africa/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Validation Studies
    ZDB-ID 211997-3
    ISSN 1873-622X ; 0005-7967
    ISSN (online) 1873-622X
    ISSN 0005-7967
    DOI 10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 162: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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