Artikel ; Online: BCG activation of trained immunity is associated with induction of cross reactive COVID-19 antibodies in a BCG vaccinated population.
2024 Band 19, Heft 5, Seite(n) e0302722
Abstract: Background: Pakistan is endemic to a diverse set of parasitic, mycobacterial and viral diseases. The recognition of BCG Trained Immunity (TI) led us to postulate that the continued presence of BCG-TI may play a protective role, previously reported for ... ...
Abstract | Background: Pakistan is endemic to a diverse set of parasitic, mycobacterial and viral diseases. The recognition of BCG Trained Immunity (TI) led us to postulate that the continued presence of BCG-TI may play a protective role, previously reported for both infectious and noninfectious conditions. Most of the previous studies have addressed the issue of BCG-TI in the paediatric populations. This study addressed the key issue of maintenance of BCG-TI in a wider age range (adolescent and adults) to identify the strength and quality of the immune responses. Objective: To assess the BCG-induced recall responses in healthy individuals by cytokines secreted from the TI network and its potential role in providing cross-protection against COVID-19 and other viral infections. Study design: In this cross-sectional study, healthy young adults and adolescents (n = 20) were recruited from 16-40 years of age, with no prior history of TB treatment, autoimmune, or chronic inflammatory condition. Methods: BCG-induced cytokine responses were assessed using prototypic markers for cells of the TI network [macrophages [M1 (TNFα, IFNγ), M2 (IL10)], NK (IL2), Gamma delta (γδ) T (IL17, IL4)] and SARS CoV2 IgG antibodies against RBD using short-term (12 hrs.) cultures assay. Results: Significant differences were observed in the magnitude of recall responses to BCG with macrophage cytokines showing the highest mean levels of TNFα (9148 pg/ml) followed by IL10 (488 pg/ml) and IFNγ (355 pg/ml). The ratio of unstimulated vs.BCG-stimulated cytokines was 132 fold higher for TNFα, 40 fold fo r IL10, and 27 fold for IFNγ. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were also detected in unstimulated plasma which showed cross reactivity with BCG. Conclusion: The presence of cross reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and the relative ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines secreted by activated TI cellular network may play a pivotal role in protection in the early stages of infection as observed during the COVID-19 pandemic in the younger age groups resulting in lower morbidity and mortality. |
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Mesh-Begriff(e) | Humans ; BCG Vaccine/immunology ; Adult ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Male ; Female ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Cytokines/immunology ; Young Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Cross Reactions/immunology ; Vaccination ; Pakistan/epidemiology ; Trained Immunity |
Chemische Substanzen | BCG Vaccine ; Cytokines ; Antibodies, Viral |
Sprache | Englisch |
Erscheinungsdatum | 2024-05-09 |
Erscheinungsland | United States |
Dokumenttyp | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
ZDB-ID | 2267670-3 |
ISSN | 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203 |
ISSN (online) | 1932-6203 |
ISSN | 1932-6203 |
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0302722 |
Datenquelle | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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