Artikel ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections enhance T cell response magnitude, breadth, and epitope repertoire.
Cell reports. Medicine
2024 , Seite(n) 101583
Abstract: Little is known about the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or SARS2) vaccine breakthrough infections (BTIs) on the magnitude and breadth of the T cell repertoire after exposure to different variants. We studied ... ...
Abstract | Little is known about the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or SARS2) vaccine breakthrough infections (BTIs) on the magnitude and breadth of the T cell repertoire after exposure to different variants. We studied samples from individuals who experienced symptomatic BTIs during Delta or Omicron waves. In the pre-BTI samples, 30% of the donors exhibited substantial immune memory against non-S (spike) SARS2 antigens, consistent with previous undiagnosed asymptomatic SARS2 infections. Following symptomatic BTI, we observed (1) enhanced S-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in donors without previous asymptomatic infection, (2) expansion of CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to non-S targets (M, N, and nsps) independent of SARS2 variant, and (3) generation of novel epitopes recognizing variant-specific mutations. These variant-specific T cell responses accounted for 9%-15% of the total epitope repertoire. Overall, BTIs boost vaccine-induced immune responses by increasing the magnitude and by broadening the repertoire of T cell antigens and epitopes recognized. |
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Sprache | Englisch |
Erscheinungsdatum | 2024-05-17 |
Erscheinungsland | United States |
Dokumenttyp | Journal Article |
ISSN | 2666-3791 |
ISSN (online) | 2666-3791 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101583 |
Datenquelle | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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