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  1. Artikel ; Online: Dental caries - not just holes in teeth! A perspective.

    Bowen, W H

    Molecular oral microbiology

    2016  Band 31, Heft 3, Seite(n) 228–233

    Abstract: Cavitation in teeth results from a pathogenic process termed dental caries that has occurred on the tooth surface for weeks or even years. Accumulation of dental plaque (biofilm) on the tooth is usually the first manifestation of the disease. Although ... ...

    Abstract Cavitation in teeth results from a pathogenic process termed dental caries that has occurred on the tooth surface for weeks or even years. Accumulation of dental plaque (biofilm) on the tooth is usually the first manifestation of the disease. Although acid production is the immediate and proximal cause of dissolution of teeth; it is the milieu within which the acid is formed that should be of primary concern. Focusing on the 'critical pH' has detracted attention from the more biological aspects (biofilm formation) of dental caries. Dental caries is unique; it is a biological process occurring on essentially an inert surface. Investigation of the multitude of interactions occurring in plaque ranging from enamel interfaces to surfaces of bacteria and matrices poses challenges worthy of the best scientific minds. The mouth clearly offers unique opportunities to investigate the multi facets of biofilm formation in vivo, generating data that have relevance way beyond the mouth. Prevention of this ubiquitous disease, dental caries, continues to present serious challenges. The public health benefits of fluoride delivered in its various formats are well recognized. Nevertheless, additional preventive approaches are required. Overcoming the rapid clearance of agents from the mouth is particularly challenging. Building on the polymerizing capacity of glucosyltransferases it may be possible to incorporate a therapeutic agent into the matrix plaque, thereby delivering therapeutic agents precisely to where they are needed.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Dental Caries/microbiology ; Dental Caries/physiopathology ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Dental Caries/therapy ; Dental Plaque/chemistry ; Dental Plaque/microbiology ; Fluorides ; Glucosyltransferases/metabolism ; Humans ; Streptococcus mutans/physiology
    Chemische Substanzen Acids ; Glucosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.-) ; Fluorides (Q80VPU408O)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-06
    Erscheinungsland Denmark
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2537726-7
    ISSN 2041-1014 ; 2041-1006
    ISSN (online) 2041-1014
    ISSN 2041-1006
    DOI 10.1111/omi.12132
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: In memoriam: Dr John A. Gray III.

    Bowen, W H

    Journal of dental research

    2015  Band 94, Heft 3, Seite(n) 393–394

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Dental Research/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Societies, Dental/history ; United States
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2015-03
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Portraits
    ZDB-ID 80207-4
    ISSN 1544-0591 ; 0022-0345
    ISSN (online) 1544-0591
    ISSN 0022-0345
    DOI 10.1177/0022034514565649
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel: Congenital Nævoid Condition of the Left Thigh.

    Bowen, W H

    Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine

    2009  Band 4, Heft Sect Study Dis Child, Seite(n) 193–195

    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2009-12-11
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209243-8
    ISSN 0035-9157
    ISSN 0035-9157
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel: Spasm as a factor in appendicitis.

    BOWEN, W H

    The British journal of surgery

    2008  Band 35, Heft 137, Seite(n) 89–91

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Acute Disease ; Appendicitis ; Humans ; Spasm
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2008-09-17
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2985-3
    ISSN 0007-1323 ; 0263-1202 ; 1355-7688
    ISSN 0007-1323 ; 0263-1202 ; 1355-7688
    DOI 10.1002/bjs.18003513714
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel: Henry Klein--a forgotten icon?

    Bowen, W H

    Journal of dental research

    2004  Band 83, Heft 5, Seite(n) 365–367

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Dental Caries/history ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Fluoridation/history ; Fluorosis, Dental/history ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; United States
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2004-05
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80207-4
    ISSN 1544-0591 ; 0022-0345
    ISSN (online) 1544-0591
    ISSN 0022-0345
    DOI 10.1177/154405910408300502
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Biology of Streptococcus mutans-derived glucosyltransferases: role in extracellular matrix formation of cariogenic biofilms.

    Bowen, W H / Koo, H

    Caries research

    2011  Band 45, Heft 1, Seite(n) 69–86

    Abstract: The importance of Streptococcus mutans in the etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries is certainly controversial, in part because excessive attention is paid to the numbers of S. mutans and acid production while the matrix within dental plaque has ... ...

    Abstract The importance of Streptococcus mutans in the etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries is certainly controversial, in part because excessive attention is paid to the numbers of S. mutans and acid production while the matrix within dental plaque has been neglected. S. mutans does not always dominate within plaque; many organisms are equally acidogenic and aciduric. It is also recognized that glucosyltransferases from S. mutans (Gtfs) play critical roles in the development of virulent dental plaque. Gtfs adsorb to enamel synthesizing glucans in situ, providing sites for avid colonization by microorganisms and an insoluble matrix for plaque. Gtfs also adsorb to surfaces of other oral microorganisms converting them to glucan producers. S. mutans expresses 3 genetically distinct Gtfs; each appears to play a different but overlapping role in the formation of virulent plaque. GtfC is adsorbed to enamel within pellicle whereas GtfB binds avidly to bacteria promoting tight cell clustering, and enhancing cohesion of plaque. GtfD forms a soluble, readily metabolizable polysaccharide and acts as a primer for GtfB. The behavior of soluble Gtfs does not mirror that observed with surface-adsorbed enzymes. Furthermore, the structure of polysaccharide matrix changes over time as a result of the action of mutanases and dextranases within plaque. Gtfs at distinct loci offer chemotherapeutic targets to prevent caries. Nevertheless, agents that inhibit Gtfs in solution frequently have a reduced or no effect on adsorbed enzymes. Clearly, conformational changes and reactions of Gtfs on surfaces are complex and modulate the pathogenesis of dental caries in situ, deserving further investigation.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Bacterial Adhesion ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Dental Caries/etiology ; Dental Pellicle/chemistry ; Dental Plaque/chemistry ; Dental Plaque/microbiology ; Extracellular Matrix/chemistry ; Glucans/chemistry ; Glucans/metabolism ; Glucosyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Glucosyltransferases/genetics ; Glucosyltransferases/immunology ; Glucosyltransferases/physiology ; Humans ; Polysaccharides ; Streptococcus mutans/enzymology ; Virulence Factors
    Chemische Substanzen Glucans ; Polysaccharides ; Virulence Factors ; Glucosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.-)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2011-02-23
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 390575-5
    ISSN 1421-976X ; 0008-6568
    ISSN (online) 1421-976X
    ISSN 0008-6568
    DOI 10.1159/000324598
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel: Exposure to metal ions and susceptibility to dental caries.

    Bowen, W H

    Journal of dental education

    2001  Band 65, Heft 10, Seite(n) 1046–1053

    Abstract: Results from several epidemiologic studies have shown that there are large differences in the prevalence of dental caries from one region to another within the United States as well as in other countries. It has been postulated that the observed ... ...

    Abstract Results from several epidemiologic studies have shown that there are large differences in the prevalence of dental caries from one region to another within the United States as well as in other countries. It has been postulated that the observed differences may be attributed in part at least to exposure to trace elements such as selenium, vanadium, molybdenum, strontium, and lead. Although data from epidemiologic studies usually support this hypothesis, direct evidence is sparse with the possible exception of exposure to lead. Data from several epidemiologic studies and animal-based research support the concept that lead is a caries-promoting element. Lead mimics calcium in several respects and may affect development of teeth and salivary glands, clearly enhancing susceptibility to dental caries. Elevated blood levels are found most commonly in persons residing in inner cities, particularly among the poor. Many states require blood lead level to be monitored in young children. Where feasible, these records should form part of health history and be available to the treating dental practitioner to ensure that extra preventive procedures may be implemented.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Dental Caries/etiology ; Dental Caries Susceptibility/drug effects ; Dental Enamel/metabolism ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Humans ; Ions ; Lead/adverse effects ; Lead/metabolism ; MEDLINE ; Trace Elements/adverse effects
    Chemische Substanzen Ions ; Trace Elements ; Lead (2P299V784P)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2001-10
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410579-5
    ISSN 1930-7837 ; 0022-0337
    ISSN (online) 1930-7837
    ISSN 0022-0337
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Artikel: Wither or whither caries research?

    Bowen, W H

    Caries research

    1999  Band 33, Heft 1, Seite(n) 1–3

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adult ; Age Factors ; Bacteria/growth & development ; Cariostatic Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Dental Caries/etiology ; Dental Caries/microbiology ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Dental Plaque/etiology ; Dental Plaque/microbiology ; Diet/adverse effects ; Fluorides/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/physiology ; Saliva/physiology ; Salivary Glands/physiology ; Tooth Remineralization
    Chemische Substanzen Cariostatic Agents ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial ; Fluorides (Q80VPU408O)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 1999
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Editorial
    ZDB-ID 390575-5
    ISSN 1421-976X ; 0008-6568
    ISSN (online) 1421-976X
    ISSN 0008-6568
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel: Developing a research unit and maintaining it.

    Bowen, W H

    European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe

    1999  Band 3 Suppl 1, Seite(n) 99–103

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Dental Research/education ; Dental Research/manpower ; Schools, Dental/organization & administration ; United States
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 1999
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1386587-0
    ISSN 1396-5883
    ISSN 1396-5883
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Artikel: Biology of ; Derived Glucosyltransferases: Role in Extracellular Matrix Formation of Cariogenic Biofilms

    Bowen, W.H. / Koo, H.

    Caries Research

    2011  Band 45, Heft 1, Seite(n) 69–86

    Abstract: The importance of Streptococcus mutans in the etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries is certainly controversial, in part because excessive attention is paid to the numbers of S. mutans and acid production while the matrix within dental plaque has ... ...

    Körperschaft Center for Oral Biology Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Eastman Department of Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, N.Y., USA
    Abstract The importance of Streptococcus mutans in the etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries is certainly controversial, in part because excessive attention is paid to the numbers of S. mutans and acid production while the matrix within dental plaque has been neglected. S. mutans does not always dominate within plaque; many organisms are equally acidogenic and aciduric. It is also recognized that glucosyltransferases from S. mutans (Gtfs) play critical roles in the development of virulent dental plaque. Gtfs adsorb to enamel synthesizing glucans in situ, providing sites for avid colonization by microorganisms and an insoluble matrix for plaque. Gtfs also adsorb to surfaces of other oral microorganisms converting them to glucan producers. S. mutans expresses 3 genetically distinct Gtfs; each appears to play a different but overlapping role in the formation of virulent plaque. GtfC is adsorbed to enamel within pellicle whereas GtfB binds avidly to bacteria promoting tight cell clustering, and enhancing cohesion of plaque. GtfD forms a soluble, readily metabolizable polysaccharide and acts as a primer for GtfB. The behavior of soluble Gtfs does not mirror that observed with surface-adsorbed enzymes. Furthermore, the structure of polysaccharide matrix changes over time as a result of the action of mutanases and dextranases within plaque. Gtfs at distinct loci offer chemotherapeutic targets to prevent caries. Nevertheless, agents that inhibit Gtfs in solution frequently have a reduced or no effect on adsorbed enzymes. Clearly, conformational changes and reactions of Gtfs on surfaces are complex and modulate the pathogenesis of dental caries in situ, deserving further investigation.
    Schlagwörter Biofilms ; Dental caries ; Extracellular matrix ; Glucosyltransferases ; Polysaccharides
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2011-02-23
    Verlag S. Karger AG
    Erscheinungsort Basel, Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 390575-5
    ISSN 1421-976X ; 0008-6568
    ISSN (online) 1421-976X
    ISSN 0008-6568
    DOI 10.1159/000324598
    Datenquelle Karger Verlag

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