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  1. Buch ; Online: HAT-CL

    Duan, Xiaotian

    A Hard-Attention-to-the-Task PyTorch Library for Continual Learning

    2023  

    Abstract: Catastrophic forgetting, the phenomenon in which a neural network loses previously obtained knowledge during the learning of new tasks, poses a significant challenge in continual learning. The Hard-Attention-to-the-Task (HAT) mechanism has shown ... ...

    Abstract Catastrophic forgetting, the phenomenon in which a neural network loses previously obtained knowledge during the learning of new tasks, poses a significant challenge in continual learning. The Hard-Attention-to-the-Task (HAT) mechanism has shown potential in mitigating this problem, but its practical implementation has been complicated by issues of usability and compatibility, and a lack of support for existing network reuse. In this paper, we introduce HAT-CL, a user-friendly, PyTorch-compatible redesign of the HAT mechanism. HAT-CL not only automates gradient manipulation but also streamlines the transformation of PyTorch modules into HAT modules. It achieves this by providing a comprehensive suite of modules that can be seamlessly integrated into existing architectures. Additionally, HAT-CL offers ready-to-use HAT networks that are smoothly integrated with the TIMM library. Beyond the redesign and reimplementation of HAT, we also introduce novel mask manipulation techniques for HAT, which have consistently shown improvements across various experiments. Our work paves the way for a broader application of the HAT mechanism, opening up new possibilities in continual learning across diverse models and applications.
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 004
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-07-18
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    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Buch ; Online: Regression Enrichment Surfaces

    Clyde, Austin / Duan, Xiaotian / Stevens, Rick

    a Simple Analysis Technique for Virtual Drug Screening Models

    2020  

    Abstract: We present a new method for understanding the performance of a model in virtual drug screening tasks. While most virtual screening problems present as a mix between ranking and classification, the models are typically trained as regression models ... ...

    Abstract We present a new method for understanding the performance of a model in virtual drug screening tasks. While most virtual screening problems present as a mix between ranking and classification, the models are typically trained as regression models presenting a problem requiring either a choice of a cutoff or ranking measure. Our method, regression enrichment surfaces (RES), is based on the goal of virtual screening: to detect as many of the top-performing treatments as possible. We outline history of virtual screening performance measures and the idea behind RES. We offer a python package and details on how to implement and interpret the results.
    Schlagwörter Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Statistics - Machine Learning
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-06-01
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    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel: Four distinct isolates of Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S identified from Bipolaris maydis

    Wu, Ruixue / Yang, Yunyue / Duan, Xiaotian / An, Hongliu / Du, Zhenguo / Zhang, Songbai / Zhang, Xiaoting

    Virus research. 2020 Aug., v. 285

    2020  

    Abstract: Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S (HvV190S) is the type species of the genus Victorivirus under the family Totiviridae. To date, HvV190S has never been found in places outside of the USA and has Helminthosporium victoriae as its only know natural ... ...

    Abstract Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S (HvV190S) is the type species of the genus Victorivirus under the family Totiviridae. To date, HvV190S has never been found in places outside of the USA and has Helminthosporium victoriae as its only know natural host fungus in the field. Here, we report the identification of 4 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses from Bipolaris maydis in Hubei province of China. Interestingly, the genomes of the 4 viruses show 81.2 %–85.5 % nucleotide sequence identities to HvV190S. Their capsid protein (CP) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) share 95.5–97.9 % and 94.6–96.6 % amino acid sequence identities to corresponding proteins of HvV190S. Therefore, the 4 viruses, which show 81.8–87.3 % pairwise genome sequence identities, should be considered as distinct isolates of HvV190S. Our finding suggests that HvV190S is widely distributed in the world and may infect fungal species other than H. victoriae.
    Schlagwörter Bipolaris maydis ; Bipolaris victoriae ; Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S ; RNA-directed RNA polymerase ; amino acid sequences ; coat proteins ; double-stranded RNA ; fungi ; genome ; nucleotide sequences ; viruses ; China
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2020-08
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier B.V.
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 605780-9
    ISSN 1872-7492 ; 0168-1702
    ISSN (online) 1872-7492
    ISSN 0168-1702
    DOI 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197941
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Four distinct isolates of Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S identified from Bipolaris maydis.

    Wu, Ruixue / Yang, Yunyue / Duan, Xiaotian / An, Hongliu / Du, Zhenguo / Zhang, Songbai / Zhang, Xiaoting

    Virus research

    2020  Band 285, Seite(n) 197941

    Abstract: Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S (HvV190S) is the type species of the genus Victorivirus under the family Totiviridae. To date, HvV190S has never been found in places outside of the USA and has Helminthosporium victoriae as its only know natural ... ...

    Abstract Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S (HvV190S) is the type species of the genus Victorivirus under the family Totiviridae. To date, HvV190S has never been found in places outside of the USA and has Helminthosporium victoriae as its only know natural host fungus in the field. Here, we report the identification of 4 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses from Bipolaris maydis in Hubei province of China. Interestingly, the genomes of the 4 viruses show 81.2 %-85.5 % nucleotide sequence identities to HvV190S. Their capsid protein (CP) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) share 95.5-97.9 % and 94.6-96.6 % amino acid sequence identities to corresponding proteins of HvV190S. Therefore, the 4 viruses, which show 81.8-87.3 % pairwise genome sequence identities, should be considered as distinct isolates of HvV190S. Our finding suggests that HvV190S is widely distributed in the world and may infect fungal species other than H. victoriae.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Bipolaris/virology ; Capsid Proteins/genetics ; China ; Genome, Viral ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; RNA, Viral ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/genetics ; Totiviridae/isolation & purification
    Chemische Substanzen Capsid Proteins ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; RNA, Viral ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-05-06
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605780-9
    ISSN 1872-7492 ; 0168-1702
    ISSN (online) 1872-7492
    ISSN 0168-1702
    DOI 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197941
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: A cross-study analysis of drug response prediction in cancer cell lines.

    Xia, Fangfang / Allen, Jonathan / Balaprakash, Prasanna / Brettin, Thomas / Garcia-Cardona, Cristina / Clyde, Austin / Cohn, Judith / Doroshow, James / Duan, Xiaotian / Dubinkina, Veronika / Evrard, Yvonne / Fan, Ya Ju / Gans, Jason / He, Stewart / Lu, Pinyi / Maslov, Sergei / Partin, Alexander / Shukla, Maulik / Stahlberg, Eric /
    Wozniak, Justin M / Yoo, Hyunseung / Zaki, George / Zhu, Yitan / Stevens, Rick

    Briefings in bioinformatics

    2021  Band 23, Heft 1

    Abstract: To enable personalized cancer treatment, machine learning models have been developed to predict drug response as a function of tumor and drug features. However, most algorithm development efforts have relied on cross-validation within a single study to ... ...

    Abstract To enable personalized cancer treatment, machine learning models have been developed to predict drug response as a function of tumor and drug features. However, most algorithm development efforts have relied on cross-validation within a single study to assess model accuracy. While an essential first step, cross-validation within a biological data set typically provides an overly optimistic estimate of the prediction performance on independent test sets. To provide a more rigorous assessment of model generalizability between different studies, we use machine learning to analyze five publicly available cell line-based data sets: National Cancer Institute 60, ancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP), Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and Genentech Cell Line Screening Initiative (gCSI). Based on observed experimental variability across studies, we explore estimates of prediction upper bounds. We report performance results of a variety of machine learning models, with a multitasking deep neural network achieving the best cross-study generalizability. By multiple measures, models trained on CTRP yield the most accurate predictions on the remaining testing data, and gCSI is the most predictable among the cell line data sets included in this study. With these experiments and further simulations on partial data, two lessons emerge: (1) differences in viability assays can limit model generalizability across studies and (2) drug diversity, more than tumor diversity, is crucial for raising model generalizability in preclinical screening.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Algorithms ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neural Networks, Computer
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-09-15
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2068142-2
    ISSN 1477-4054 ; 1467-5463
    ISSN (online) 1477-4054
    ISSN 1467-5463
    DOI 10.1093/bib/bbab356
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Buch ; Online: A cross-study analysis of drug response prediction in cancer cell lines

    Xia, Fangfang / Allen, Jonathan / Balaprakash, Prasanna / Brettin, Thomas / Garcia-Cardona, Cristina / Clyde, Austin / Cohn, Judith / Doroshow, James / Duan, Xiaotian / Dubinkina, Veronika / Evrard, Yvonne / Fan, Ya Ju / Gans, Jason / He, Stewart / Lu, Pinyi / Maslov, Sergei / Partin, Alexander / Shukla, Maulik / Stahlberg, Eric /
    Wozniak, Justin M. / Yoo, Hyunseung / Zaki, George / Zhu, Yitan / Stevens, Rick

    2021  

    Abstract: To enable personalized cancer treatment, machine learning models have been developed to predict drug response as a function of tumor and drug features. However, most algorithm development efforts have relied on cross validation within a single study to ... ...

    Abstract To enable personalized cancer treatment, machine learning models have been developed to predict drug response as a function of tumor and drug features. However, most algorithm development efforts have relied on cross validation within a single study to assess model accuracy. While an essential first step, cross validation within a biological data set typically provides an overly optimistic estimate of the prediction performance on independent test sets. To provide a more rigorous assessment of model generalizability between different studies, we use machine learning to analyze five publicly available cell line-based data sets: NCI60, CTRP, GDSC, CCLE and gCSI. Based on observed experimental variability across studies, we explore estimates of prediction upper bounds. We report performance results of a variety of machine learning models, with a multitasking deep neural network achieving the best cross-study generalizability. By multiple measures, models trained on CTRP yield the most accurate predictions on the remaining testing data, and gCSI is the most predictable among the cell line data sets included in this study. With these experiments and further simulations on partial data, two lessons emerge: (1) differences in viability assays can limit model generalizability across studies, and (2) drug diversity, more than tumor diversity, is crucial for raising model generalizability in preclinical screening.

    Comment: Accepted by Briefings in Bioinformatics
    Schlagwörter Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-04-18
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    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  7. Artikel ; Online: CholecTriplet2021: A benchmark challenge for surgical action triplet recognition.

    Nwoye, Chinedu Innocent / Alapatt, Deepak / Yu, Tong / Vardazaryan, Armine / Xia, Fangfang / Zhao, Zixuan / Xia, Tong / Jia, Fucang / Yang, Yuxuan / Wang, Hao / Yu, Derong / Zheng, Guoyan / Duan, Xiaotian / Getty, Neil / Sanchez-Matilla, Ricardo / Robu, Maria / Zhang, Li / Chen, Huabin / Wang, Jiacheng /
    Wang, Liansheng / Zhang, Bokai / Gerats, Beerend / Raviteja, Sista / Sathish, Rachana / Tao, Rong / Kondo, Satoshi / Pang, Winnie / Ren, Hongliang / Abbing, Julian Ronald / Sarhan, Mohammad Hasan / Bodenstedt, Sebastian / Bhasker, Nithya / Oliveira, Bruno / Torres, Helena R / Ling, Li / Gaida, Finn / Czempiel, Tobias / Vilaça, João L / Morais, Pedro / Fonseca, Jaime / Egging, Ruby Mae / Wijma, Inge Nicole / Qian, Chen / Bian, Guibin / Li, Zhen / Balasubramanian, Velmurugan / Sheet, Debdoot / Luengo, Imanol / Zhu, Yuanbo / Ding, Shuai / Aschenbrenner, Jakob-Anton / van der Kar, Nicolas Elini / Xu, Mengya / Islam, Mobarakol / Seenivasan, Lalithkumar / Jenke, Alexander / Stoyanov, Danail / Mutter, Didier / Mascagni, Pietro / Seeliger, Barbara / Gonzalez, Cristians / Padoy, Nicolas

    Medical image analysis

    2023  Band 86, Seite(n) 102803

    Abstract: Context-aware decision support in the operating room can foster surgical safety and efficiency by leveraging real-time feedback from surgical workflow analysis. Most existing works recognize surgical activities at a coarse-grained level, such as phases, ... ...

    Abstract Context-aware decision support in the operating room can foster surgical safety and efficiency by leveraging real-time feedback from surgical workflow analysis. Most existing works recognize surgical activities at a coarse-grained level, such as phases, steps or events, leaving out fine-grained interaction details about the surgical activity; yet those are needed for more helpful AI assistance in the operating room. Recognizing surgical actions as triplets of ‹instrument, verb, target› combination delivers more comprehensive details about the activities taking place in surgical videos. This paper presents CholecTriplet2021: an endoscopic vision challenge organized at MICCAI 2021 for the recognition of surgical action triplets in laparoscopic videos. The challenge granted private access to the large-scale CholecT50 dataset, which is annotated with action triplet information. In this paper, we present the challenge setup and the assessment of the state-of-the-art deep learning methods proposed by the participants during the challenge. A total of 4 baseline methods from the challenge organizers and 19 new deep learning algorithms from the competing teams are presented to recognize surgical action triplets directly from surgical videos, achieving mean average precision (mAP) ranging from 4.2% to 38.1%. This study also analyzes the significance of the results obtained by the presented approaches, performs a thorough methodological comparison between them, in-depth result analysis, and proposes a novel ensemble method for enhanced recognition. Our analysis shows that surgical workflow analysis is not yet solved, and also highlights interesting directions for future research on fine-grained surgical activity recognition which is of utmost importance for the development of AI in surgery.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Algorithms ; Benchmarking ; Laparoscopy ; Operating Rooms ; Workflow ; Deep Learning
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-27
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1356436-5
    ISSN 1361-8423 ; 1361-8431 ; 1361-8415
    ISSN (online) 1361-8423 ; 1361-8431
    ISSN 1361-8415
    DOI 10.1016/j.media.2023.102803
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Buch ; Online: Surgical tool classification and localization

    Zia, Aneeq / Bhattacharyya, Kiran / Liu, Xi / Berniker, Max / Wang, Ziheng / Nespolo, Rogerio / Kondo, Satoshi / Kasai, Satoshi / Hirasawa, Kousuke / Liu, Bo / Austin, David / Wang, Yiheng / Futrega, Michal / Puget, Jean-Francois / Li, Zhenqiang / Sato, Yoichi / Fujii, Ryo / Hachiuma, Ryo / Masuda, Mana /
    Saito, Hideo / Wang, An / Xu, Mengya / Islam, Mobarakol / Bai, Long / Pang, Winnie / Ren, Hongliang / Nwoye, Chinedu / Sestini, Luca / Padoy, Nicolas / Nielsen, Maximilian / Schüttler, Samuel / Sentker, Thilo / Husseini, Hümeyra / Baltruschat, Ivo / Schmitz, Rüdiger / Werner, René / Matsun, Aleksandr / Farooq, Mugariya / Saaed, Numan / Viera, Jose Renato Restom / Yaqub, Mohammad / Getty, Neil / Xia, Fangfang / Zhao, Zixuan / Duan, Xiaotian / Yao, Xing / Lou, Ange / Yang, Hao / Han, Jintong / Noble, Jack / Wu, Jie Ying / Alshirbaji, Tamer Abdulbaki / Jalal, Nour Aldeen / Arabian, Herag / Ding, Ning / Moeller, Knut / Chen, Weiliang / He, Quan / Bilal, Muhammad / Akinosho, Taofeek / Qayyum, Adnan / Caputo, Massimo / Vohra, Hunaid / Loizou, Michael / Ajayi, Anuoluwapo / Berrou, Ilhem / Niyi-Odumosu, Faatihah / Maier-Hein, Lena / Stoyanov, Danail / Speidel, Stefanie / Jarc, Anthony

    results and methods from the MICCAI 2022 SurgToolLoc challenge

    2023  

    Abstract: The ability to automatically detect and track surgical instruments in endoscopic videos can enable transformational interventions. Assessing surgical performance and efficiency, identifying skilled tool use and choreography, and planning operational and ... ...

    Abstract The ability to automatically detect and track surgical instruments in endoscopic videos can enable transformational interventions. Assessing surgical performance and efficiency, identifying skilled tool use and choreography, and planning operational and logistical aspects of OR resources are just a few of the applications that could benefit. Unfortunately, obtaining the annotations needed to train machine learning models to identify and localize surgical tools is a difficult task. Annotating bounding boxes frame-by-frame is tedious and time-consuming, yet large amounts of data with a wide variety of surgical tools and surgeries must be captured for robust training. Moreover, ongoing annotator training is needed to stay up to date with surgical instrument innovation. In robotic-assisted surgery, however, potentially informative data like timestamps of instrument installation and removal can be programmatically harvested. The ability to rely on tool installation data alone would significantly reduce the workload to train robust tool-tracking models. With this motivation in mind we invited the surgical data science community to participate in the challenge, SurgToolLoc 2022. The goal was to leverage tool presence data as weak labels for machine learning models trained to detect tools and localize them in video frames with bounding boxes. We present the results of this challenge along with many of the team's efforts. We conclude by discussing these results in the broader context of machine learning and surgical data science. The training data used for this challenge consisting of 24,695 video clips with tool presence labels is also being released publicly and can be accessed at https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/isi-surgtoolloc-2022.
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 670
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-05-11
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    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Buch ; Online: CholecTriplet2021

    Nwoye, Chinedu Innocent / Alapatt, Deepak / Yu, Tong / Vardazaryan, Armine / Xia, Fangfang / Zhao, Zixuan / Xia, Tong / Jia, Fucang / Yang, Yuxuan / Wang, Hao / Yu, Derong / Zheng, Guoyan / Duan, Xiaotian / Getty, Neil / Sanchez-Matilla, Ricardo / Robu, Maria / Zhang, Li / Chen, Huabin / Wang, Jiacheng /
    Wang, Liansheng / Zhang, Bokai / Gerats, Beerend / Raviteja, Sista / Sathish, Rachana / Tao, Rong / Kondo, Satoshi / Pang, Winnie / Ren, Hongliang / Abbing, Julian Ronald / Sarhan, Mohammad Hasan / Bodenstedt, Sebastian / Bhasker, Nithya / Oliveira, Bruno / Torres, Helena R. / Ling, Li / Gaida, Finn / Czempiel, Tobias / Vilaça, João L. / Morais, Pedro / Fonseca, Jaime / Egging, Ruby Mae / Wijma, Inge Nicole / Qian, Chen / Bian, Guibin / Li, Zhen / Balasubramanian, Velmurugan / Sheet, Debdoot / Luengo, Imanol / Zhu, Yuanbo / Ding, Shuai / Aschenbrenner, Jakob-Anton / van der Kar, Nicolas Elini / Xu, Mengya / Islam, Mobarakol / Seenivasan, Lalithkumar / Jenke, Alexander / Stoyanov, Danail / Mutter, Didier / Mascagni, Pietro / Seeliger, Barbara / Gonzalez, Cristians / Padoy, Nicolas

    A benchmark challenge for surgical action triplet recognition

    2022  

    Abstract: Context-aware decision support in the operating room can foster surgical safety and efficiency by leveraging real-time feedback from surgical workflow analysis. Most existing works recognize surgical activities at a coarse-grained level, such as phases, ... ...

    Abstract Context-aware decision support in the operating room can foster surgical safety and efficiency by leveraging real-time feedback from surgical workflow analysis. Most existing works recognize surgical activities at a coarse-grained level, such as phases, steps or events, leaving out fine-grained interaction details about the surgical activity; yet those are needed for more helpful AI assistance in the operating room. Recognizing surgical actions as triplets of combination delivers comprehensive details about the activities taking place in surgical videos. This paper presents CholecTriplet2021: an endoscopic vision challenge organized at MICCAI 2021 for the recognition of surgical action triplets in laparoscopic videos. The challenge granted private access to the large-scale CholecT50 dataset, which is annotated with action triplet information. In this paper, we present the challenge setup and assessment of the state-of-the-art deep learning methods proposed by the participants during the challenge. A total of 4 baseline methods from the challenge organizers and 19 new deep learning algorithms by competing teams are presented to recognize surgical action triplets directly from surgical videos, achieving mean average precision (mAP) ranging from 4.2% to 38.1%. This study also analyzes the significance of the results obtained by the presented approaches, performs a thorough methodological comparison between them, in-depth result analysis, and proposes a novel ensemble method for enhanced recognition. Our analysis shows that surgical workflow analysis is not yet solved, and also highlights interesting directions for future research on fine-grained surgical activity recognition which is of utmost importance for the development of AI in surgery.

    Comment: CholecTriplet2021 challenge report. Paper accepted at Elsevier journal of Medical Image Analysis. 22 pages, 8 figures, 11 tables. Challenge website: https://cholectriplet2021.grand-challenge.org
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 006
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-04-10
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    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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