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  1. Artikel ; Online: Direct observation of repeated infections with endemic coronaviruses

    Galanti, M. / Shaman, J.

    Abstract: Background: While the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63 and OC43 provide a useful reference for understanding repeat ... ...

    Abstract Background: While the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63 and OC43 provide a useful reference for understanding repeat infection risk. Methods: Here we used data from proactive sampling carried out in New York City from fall 2016 to spring 2018. We combined weekly nasal swab collection with self-reports of respiratory symptoms from 191 participants to investigate the profile of recurring infections with endemic coronaviruses. Results: During the study, 12 individuals tested positive multiple times for the same coronavirus. We found no significant difference between the probability of testing positive at least once and the probability of a recurrence for the beta-coronaviruses HKU1 and OC43 at 34 weeks after enrollment/first infection. We also found no significant association between repeat infections and symptom severity but strong association between symptom severity and belonging to the same family. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that re-infections with the same endemic coronavirus are not atypical in a time window shorter than 1 year and that the genetic basis of innate immune response may be a greater determinant of infection severity than immune memory acquired after a previous infection.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Verlag MedRxiv; WHO
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.04.27.20082032
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Direct Observation of Repeated Infections With Endemic Coronaviruses.

    Galanti, Marta / Shaman, Jeffrey

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Band 223, Heft 3, Seite(n) 409–415

    Abstract: Background: Although the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63, and OC43 provide a useful ... ...

    Abstract Background: Although the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63, and OC43 provide a useful reference for understanding repeat infection risk.
    Methods: Here we used data from proactive sampling carried out in New York City from fall 2016 to spring 2018. We combined weekly nasal swab collection with self-reports of respiratory symptoms from 191 participants to investigate the profile of recurring infections with endemic coronaviruses.
    Results: During the study, 12 individuals tested positive multiple times for the same coronavirus. We found no significant difference between the probability of testing positive at least once and the probability of a recurrence for the betacoronaviruses HKU1 and OC43 at 34 weeks after enrollment/first infection. We also found no significant association between repeat infections and symptom severity, but found strong association between symptom severity and belonging to the same family.
    Conclusions: This study provides evidence that reinfections with the same endemic coronavirus are not atypical in a time window shorter than 1 year and that the genetic basis of innate immune response may be a greater determinant of infection severity than immune memory acquired after a previous infection.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adult ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; Coronavirus/genetics ; Coronavirus/isolation & purification ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Endemic Diseases ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; New York City/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Survival Analysis
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-07-21
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiaa392
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Will SARS-CoV-2 become endemic?

    Shaman, Jeffrey / Galanti, Marta

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2020  Band 370, Heft 6516, Seite(n) 527–529

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adaptive Immunity ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Betacoronavirus/genetics ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Endemic Diseases ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemische Substanzen Antigens, Viral
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-10-14
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.abe5960
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Verfügbar in ZB MED Köln/Königswinter

    Zs.A 27: Hefte anzeigen Standort:
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    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MG 77: Hefte anzeigen

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  4. Artikel: Socioeconomic Disparities in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Serological Testing and Positivity in New York City.

    Lieberman-Cribbin, Wil / Galanti, Marta / Shaman, Jeffrey

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2021  Band 8, Heft 12, Seite(n) ofab534

    Abstract: Background: We characterized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody test prevalence and positive test prevalence across New York City (NYC) in order to investigate disparities in testing outcomes by race and socioeconomic ... ...

    Abstract Background: We characterized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody test prevalence and positive test prevalence across New York City (NYC) in order to investigate disparities in testing outcomes by race and socioeconomic status (SES).
    Methods: Serologic data were downloaded from the NYC Coronavirus data repository (August 2020-December 2020). Area-level characteristics for NYC neighborhoods were downloaded from United States census data and a socioeconomic vulnerability index was created. Spatial generalized linear mixed models were performed to examine the association between SES and antibody testing and positivity.
    Results: The proportion of Hispanic population (posterior median, 0.001 [95% credible interval, 0.0003-0.002]), healthcare workers (0.003 [0.0001-0.006]), essential workers (0.003 [0.001-0.005]), age ≥65 years (0.003 [0.00002-0.006]), and high SES (SES quartile 3 vs 1: 0.034 [0.003-0.062]) were positively associated with antibody tests per 100000 residents. The White proportion (-0.002 [-0.003 to -0.001]), SES index (quartile 3 vs 1, -0.068 [-0.115 to -0.017]; quartile 4 vs 1, -0.077 [-0.134 to -0.018]) and age ≥65 years (-0.005 [-0.009 to -0.002]) were inversely associated with positive test prevalence (%), whereas the Hispanic (0.004 [0.002-0.006]) and essential worker (0.008 [0.003-0.012]) proportions had positive coefficients.
    Conclusions: Disparities in serologic testing and seropositivity exist on SES and race/ethnicity across NYC, indicative of excess coronavirus disease burden in vulnerable and marginalized populations.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-10-17
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofab534
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Inference of transmission dynamics and retrospective forecast of invasive meningococcal disease.

    Cascante-Vega, Jaime / Galanti, Marta / Schley, Katharina / Pei, Sen / Shaman, Jeffrey

    PLoS computational biology

    2023  Band 19, Heft 10, Seite(n) e1011564

    Abstract: The pathogenic bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, which causes invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), predominantly colonizes humans asymptomatically; however, invasive disease occurs in a small proportion of the population. Here, we explore the seasonality ...

    Abstract The pathogenic bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, which causes invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), predominantly colonizes humans asymptomatically; however, invasive disease occurs in a small proportion of the population. Here, we explore the seasonality of IMD and develop and validate a suite of models for simulating and forecasting disease outcomes in the United States. We combine the models into multi-model ensembles (MME) based on the past performance of the individual models, as well as a naive equally weighted aggregation, and compare the retrospective forecast performance over a six-month forecast horizon. Deployment of the complete vaccination regimen, introduced in 2011, coincided with a change in the periodicity of IMD, suggesting altered transmission dynamics. We found that a model forced with the period obtained by local power wavelet decomposition best fit and forecast observations. In addition, the MME performed the best across the entire study period. Finally, our study included US-level data until 2022, allowing study of a possible IMD rebound after relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; however, no evidence of a rebound was found. Our findings demonstrate the ability of process-based models to retrospectively forecast IMD and provide a first analysis of the seasonality of IMD before and after the complete vaccination regimen.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Pandemics ; Meningococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Meningococcal Infections/microbiology ; Neisseria meningitidis
    Chemische Substanzen MME (78185-58-7)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-27
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2193340-6
    ISSN 1553-7358 ; 1553-734X
    ISSN (online) 1553-7358
    ISSN 1553-734X
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011564
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Direct Measurement of Rates of Asymptomatic Infection and Clinical Care-Seeking for Seasonal Coronavirus

    Shaman, Jeffrey / Galanti, Marta

    Abstract: The pandemic potential of the novel coronavirus (nCoV) that emerged in Wuhan, China, during December 2019 is strongly tied to the number and contagiousness of undocumented human infections. Here we present findings from a proactive longitudinal sampling ... ...

    Abstract The pandemic potential of the novel coronavirus (nCoV) that emerged in Wuhan, China, during December 2019 is strongly tied to the number and contagiousness of undocumented human infections. Here we present findings from a proactive longitudinal sampling study of acute viral respiratory infections that documents rates of asymptomatic infection and clinical care seeking for seasonal coronavirus. We find that the majority of infections are asymptomatic by most symptom definitions and that only 4% of individuals experiencing a seasonal coronavirus infection episode sought medical care for their symptoms. These numbers indicate that a very high percentage of seasonal coronavirus infections are undocumented and provide a reference for understanding the spread of the emergent nCoV.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Verlag MedRxiv; WHO
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.01.30.20019612
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Direct observation of repeated infections with endemic coronaviruses

    Galanti, Marta / Shaman, Jeffrey

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Background: While the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63 and OC43 provide a useful reference for understanding repeat ... ...

    Abstract Background: While the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63 and OC43 provide a useful reference for understanding repeat infection risk. Methods: Here we used data from proactive sampling carried out in New York City from fall 2016 to spring 2018. We combined weekly nasal swab collection with self-reports of respiratory symptoms from 191 participants to investigate the profile of recurring infections with endemic coronaviruses. Results: During the study, 12 individuals tested positive multiple times for the same coronavirus. We found no significant difference between the probability of testing positive at least once and the probability of a recurrence for the beta-coronaviruses HKU1 and OC43 at 34 weeks after enrollment/first infection. We also found no significant association between repeat infections and symptom severity but strong association between symptom severity and belonging to the same family. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that re-infections with the same endemic coronavirus are not atypical in a time window shorter than 1 year and that the genetic basis of innate immune response may be a greater determinant of infection severity than immune memory acquired after a previous infection.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-05-03
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.04.27.20082032
    Datenquelle COVID19

    Volltext online

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Direct Measurement of Rates of Asymptomatic Infection and Clinical Care-Seeking for Seasonal Coronavirus

    Shaman, Jeffrey / Galanti, Marta

    medRxiv

    Abstract: The pandemic potential of the novel coronavirus (nCoV) that emerged in Wuhan, China, during December 2019 is strongly tied to the number and contagiousness of undocumented human infections. Here we present findings from a proactive longitudinal sampling ... ...

    Abstract The pandemic potential of the novel coronavirus (nCoV) that emerged in Wuhan, China, during December 2019 is strongly tied to the number and contagiousness of undocumented human infections. Here we present findings from a proactive longitudinal sampling study of acute viral respiratory infections that documents rates of asymptomatic infection and clinical care seeking for seasonal coronavirus. We find that the majority of infections are asymptomatic by most symptom definitions and that only 4% of individuals experiencing a seasonal coronavirus infection episode sought medical care for their symptoms. These numbers indicate that a very high percentage of seasonal coronavirus infections are undocumented and provide a reference for understanding the spread of the emergent nCoV.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-02-03
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.01.30.20019612
    Datenquelle COVID19

    Volltext online

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Direct Observation of Repeated Infections With Endemic Coronaviruses

    Galanti, Marta / Shaman, Jeffrey

    The Journal of Infectious Diseases ; ISSN 0022-1899 1537-6613

    2020  

    Abstract: Abstract Background Although the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63, and OC43 provide a ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Although the mechanisms of adaptive immunity to pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still unknown, the immune response to the widespread endemic coronaviruses HKU1, 229E, NL63, and OC43 provide a useful reference for understanding repeat infection risk. Methods Here we used data from proactive sampling carried out in New York City from fall 2016 to spring 2018. We combined weekly nasal swab collection with self-reports of respiratory symptoms from 191 participants to investigate the profile of recurring infections with endemic coronaviruses. Results During the study, 12 individuals tested positive multiple times for the same coronavirus. We found no significant difference between the probability of testing positive at least once and the probability of a recurrence for the betacoronaviruses HKU1 and OC43 at 34 weeks after enrollment/first infection. We also found no significant association between repeat infections and symptom severity, but found strong association between symptom severity and belonging to the same family. Conclusions This study provides evidence that reinfections with the same endemic coronavirus are not atypical in a time window shorter than 1 year and that the genetic basis of innate immune response may be a greater determinant of infection severity than immune memory acquired after a previous infection.
    Schlagwörter Immunology and Allergy ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Verlag Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Erscheinungsland uk
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiaa392
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

    Volltext online

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