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  1. Artikel ; Online: Mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 in nondomestic felids.

    Drozd, Mary / Ritter, Jana M / Samuelson, Jonathan Peter / Parker, Maryanna / Wang, Leyi / Sander, Samantha J / Yoshicedo, Jill / Wright, Louden / Odani, Jenee / Shrader, Trent / Lee, Elizabeth / Lockhart, Shawn R / Ghai, Ria R / Terio, Karen A

    Veterinary pathology

    2024  , Seite(n) 3009858231225500

    Abstract: Between September and November 2021, 5 snow leopards ( ...

    Abstract Between September and November 2021, 5 snow leopards (
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-07
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 188012-3
    ISSN 1544-2217 ; 0300-9858
    ISSN (online) 1544-2217
    ISSN 0300-9858
    DOI 10.1177/03009858231225500
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in free-ranging white-tailed deer in the United States.

    Feng, Aijing / Bevins, Sarah / Chandler, Jeff / DeLiberto, Thomas J / Ghai, Ria / Lantz, Kristina / Lenoch, Julianna / Retchless, Adam / Shriner, Susan / Tang, Cynthia Y / Tong, Suxiang Sue / Torchetti, Mia / Uehara, Anna / Wan, Xiu-Feng

    Nature communications

    2023  Band 14, Heft 1, Seite(n) 4078

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus with documented bi-directional transmission between people and animals. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) poses a unique public health risk due to the ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus with documented bi-directional transmission between people and animals. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) poses a unique public health risk due to the potential for reservoir establishment where variants may persist and evolve. We collected 8,830 respiratory samples from free-ranging white-tailed deer across Washington, D.C. and 26 states in the United States between November 2021 and April 2022. We obtained 391 sequences and identified 34 Pango lineages including the Alpha, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants. Evolutionary analyses showed these white-tailed deer viruses originated from at least 109 independent spillovers from humans, which resulted in 39 cases of subsequent local deer-to-deer transmission and three cases of potential spillover from white-tailed deer back to humans. Viruses repeatedly adapted to white-tailed deer with recurring amino acid substitutions across spike and other proteins. Overall, our findings suggest that multiple SARS-CoV-2 lineages were introduced, became enzootic, and co-circulated in white-tailed deer.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Humans ; Deer ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19/veterinary ; Washington
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-07-10
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-39782-x
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Probable Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from African Lion to Zoo Employees, Indiana, USA, 2021.

    Siegrist, Audrey A / Richardson, Kira L / Ghai, Ria R / Pope, Brian / Yeadon, Jamie / Culp, Betsy / Behravesh, Casey Barton / Liu, Lixia / Brown, Jennifer A / Boyer, Leslie V

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2023  Band 29, Heft 6, Seite(n) 1102–1108

    Abstract: We describe animal-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a zoo setting in Indiana, USA. A vaccinated African lion with physical limitations requiring hand feeding tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after onset of respiratory signs. Zoo employees were ... ...

    Abstract We describe animal-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a zoo setting in Indiana, USA. A vaccinated African lion with physical limitations requiring hand feeding tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after onset of respiratory signs. Zoo employees were screened, monitored prospectively for onset of symptoms, then rescreened as indicated; results were confirmed by using reverse transcription PCR and whole-genome virus sequencing when possible. Traceback investigation narrowed the source of infection to 1 of 6 persons. Three exposed employees subsequently had onset of symptoms, 2 with viral genomes identical to the lion's. Forward contact tracing investigation confirmed probable lion-to-human transmission. Close contact with large cats is a risk factor for bidirectional zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 transmission that should be considered when occupational health and biosecurity practices at zoos are designed and implemented. SARS-CoV-2 rapid testing and detection methods for big cats and other susceptible animals should be developed and validated to enable timely implementation of One Health investigations.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19/veterinary ; Lions ; Indiana/epidemiology ; Contact Tracing
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-17
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
    ISSN (online) 1080-6059
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid2906.230150
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel: Limited sharing of tick-borne hemoparasites between sympatric wild and domestic ungulates

    Ghai, Ria R / Mathew Mutinda / Vanessa O. Ezenwa

    Veterinary parasitology. 2016 Aug. 15, v. 226

    2016  

    Abstract: Tick-borne hemoparasites (TBHs) are a group of pathogens of concern in animal management because they are associated with a diversity of hosts, including both wild and domestic species. However, little is known about how frequently TBHs are shared across ...

    Abstract Tick-borne hemoparasites (TBHs) are a group of pathogens of concern in animal management because they are associated with a diversity of hosts, including both wild and domestic species. However, little is known about how frequently TBHs are shared across the wildlife-livestock interface in natural settings. Here, we compared the TBHs of wild Grant’s gazelle (Nanger granti) and domestic sheep (Ovis aries) in a region of Kenya where these species extensively overlap. Blood samples collected from each species were screened for piroplasm and rickettsial TBHs by PCR-based amplification of 18S/16S ribosomal DNA, respectively. Overall, 99% of gazelle and 66% of sheep were positive for Babesia/Theileria, and 32% of gazelle and 47% sheep were positive for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia. Sequencing a subset of positive samples revealed infections of Theileria and Anaplasma. Sequences sorted into seven phylogenetically distinct genotypes—two Theileria, and five Anaplasma. With the exception of a putatively novel Anaplasma lineage from Grant’s gazelle, these genotypes appeared to be divergent forms of previously described species, including T. ovis, A. ovis, A. bovis, and A. platys. Only one genotype, which clustered within the A. platys clade, contained sequences from both gazelle and sheep. This suggests that despite niche, habitat, and phylogenetic overlap, the majority of circulating tick-borne diseases may not be shared between these two focal species.
    Schlagwörter Anaplasma ; animal husbandry ; Babesia ; blood sampling ; Ehrlichia ; gazelles ; genotype ; habitats ; hosts ; Nanger ; pathogens ; phylogeny ; polymerase chain reaction ; ribosomal DNA ; sheep ; sympatry ; Theileria ; tick-borne diseases ; Kenya
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2016-0815
    Umfang p. 167-173.
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier B.V.
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 196831-2
    ISSN 1873-2550 ; 0304-4017
    ISSN (online) 1873-2550
    ISSN 0304-4017
    DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.07.005
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Limited sharing of tick-borne hemoparasites between sympatric wild and domestic ungulates.

    Ghai, Ria R / Mutinda, Mathew / Ezenwa, Vanessa O

    Veterinary parasitology

    2016  Band 226, Seite(n) 167–173

    Abstract: Tick-borne hemoparasites (TBHs) are a group of pathogens of concern in animal management because they are associated with a diversity of hosts, including both wild and domestic species. However, little is known about how frequently TBHs are shared across ...

    Abstract Tick-borne hemoparasites (TBHs) are a group of pathogens of concern in animal management because they are associated with a diversity of hosts, including both wild and domestic species. However, little is known about how frequently TBHs are shared across the wildlife-livestock interface in natural settings. Here, we compared the TBHs of wild Grant's gazelle (Nanger granti) and domestic sheep (Ovis aries) in a region of Kenya where these species extensively overlap. Blood samples collected from each species were screened for piroplasm and rickettsial TBHs by PCR-based amplification of 18S/16S ribosomal DNA, respectively. Overall, 99% of gazelle and 66% of sheep were positive for Babesia/Theileria, and 32% of gazelle and 47% sheep were positive for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia. Sequencing a subset of positive samples revealed infections of Theileria and Anaplasma. Sequences sorted into seven phylogenetically distinct genotypes-two Theileria, and five Anaplasma. With the exception of a putatively novel Anaplasma lineage from Grant's gazelle, these genotypes appeared to be divergent forms of previously described species, including T. ovis, A. ovis, A. bovis, and A. platys. Only one genotype, which clustered within the A. platys clade, contained sequences from both gazelle and sheep. This suggests that despite niche, habitat, and phylogenetic overlap, the majority of circulating tick-borne diseases may not be shared between these two focal species.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Anaplasma/classification ; Anaplasma/genetics ; Anaplasmosis/epidemiology ; Anaplasmosis/parasitology ; Anaplasmosis/transmission ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; Animals, Wild ; Antelopes/parasitology ; Babesiosis/epidemiology ; Babesiosis/parasitology ; Ehrlichiosis/epidemiology ; Ehrlichiosis/parasitology ; Ehrlichiosis/veterinary ; Genotype ; Kenya/epidemiology ; Likelihood Functions ; Phylogeny ; Prevalence ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/epidemiology ; Sheep Diseases/parasitology ; Sheep Diseases/transmission ; Theileria/classification ; Theileria/genetics ; Theileriasis/epidemiology ; Theileriasis/parasitology ; Theileriasis/transmission ; Tick-Borne Diseases/epidemiology ; Tick-Borne Diseases/parasitology ; Tick-Borne Diseases/transmission ; Tick-Borne Diseases/veterinary
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-08-15
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 196831-2
    ISSN 1873-2550 ; 0304-4017
    ISSN (online) 1873-2550
    ISSN 0304-4017
    DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.07.005
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: A generalizable one health framework for the control of zoonotic diseases.

    Ghai, Ria R / Wallace, Ryan M / Kile, James C / Shoemaker, Trevor R / Vieira, Antonio R / Negron, Maria E / Shadomy, Sean V / Sinclair, Julie R / Goryoka, Grace W / Salyer, Stephanie J / Barton Behravesh, Casey

    Scientific reports

    2022  Band 12, Heft 1, Seite(n) 8588

    Abstract: Effectively preventing and controlling zoonotic diseases requires a One Health approach that involves collaboration across sectors responsible for human health, animal health (both domestic and wildlife), and the environment, as well as other partners. ... ...

    Abstract Effectively preventing and controlling zoonotic diseases requires a One Health approach that involves collaboration across sectors responsible for human health, animal health (both domestic and wildlife), and the environment, as well as other partners. Here we describe the Generalizable One Health Framework (GOHF), a five-step framework that provides structure for using a One Health approach in zoonotic disease programs being implemented at the local, sub-national, national, regional, or international level. Part of the framework is a toolkit that compiles existing resources and presents them following a stepwise schematic, allowing users to identify relevant resources as they are required. Coupled with recommendations for implementing a One Health approach for zoonotic disease prevention and control in technical domains including laboratory, surveillance, preparedness and response, this framework can mobilize One Health and thereby enhance and guide capacity building to combat zoonotic disease threats at the human-animal-environment interface.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Capacity Building ; Laboratories ; One Health ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/prevention & control
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-05-21
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-12619-1
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Cross-sector collaboration reduces SARS-CoV-2 risk in deer

    Cook, Jonathan D / Rosenblatt, Elias / DiRenzo, Graziella V / Campbell Grant, Evan H / Mosher, Brittany / Arce, Fernando / Christensen, Sonja / Ghai, Ria / Runge, Michael

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: One Health helps achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals, plants, and their shared environments. We describe a multidisciplinary effort to better understand and mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread in white-tailed deer across One Health sectors. We ... ...

    Abstract One Health helps achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals, plants, and their shared environments. We describe a multidisciplinary effort to better understand and mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread in white-tailed deer across One Health sectors. We first framed the risk problem with three governance sectors that manage captive and wild deer and human public health. The framing included the objectives for each sector, interactions that facilitate human-to-deer and deer-to-deer transmission, and alternatives intended to reduce risk. We then developed a dynamic compartmental model that linked wild and captive deer herds and humans and simulated SARS-CoV-2 dynamics. For baseline conditions, we estimated that median SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in wild and captive herds varied between 0.03-0.07, incidence between 0.68-1.46, and probability of persistence between 0.64-0.97 across 120-day simulations. We then tested single-sector alternatives alone and in combination with other sector actions. We found that single sector alternatives varied in their ability to reduce transmission and that the best performing alternative required collaborative actions among wildlife management, agricultural management, and public health agencies.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-17
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2023.10.13.562192
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Probable transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an African lion to zoo employees

    Siegrist, Audrey A / Richardson, Kira L / Ghai, Ria R / Pope, Brian / Yeadon, Jamie / Culp, Betsy / Barton Behravesh, Casey / Liu, Lixia / Brown, Jennifer A / Boyer, Leslie

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Animal to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has not previously been reported in a zoo setting. A vaccinated African lion with physical limitations requiring hand feeding tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after development of respiratory signs. Zoo employees ... ...

    Abstract Animal to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has not previously been reported in a zoo setting. A vaccinated African lion with physical limitations requiring hand feeding tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after development of respiratory signs. Zoo employees were screened, monitored prospectively for development of symptoms, then re-screened as indicated, with confirmation by RT-PCR and whole-genome virus sequencing when possible. Trace-back investigation narrowed the source of infection to one of five people. Three exposed employees subsequently developed symptoms, two with viral genomes identical to the lion9s. Forward contact tracing investigation confirmed probable lion-to-human transmission. Close contact with large cats is a risk factor for bidirectional zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 transmission that should be considered when occupational health and biosecurity practices at zoos are designed and implemented. SARS-CoV-2 rapid testing and detection methods in big cats and other susceptible animals should be developed and validated to facilitate timely implementation of One Health investigations.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-01-31
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2023.01.29.23285159
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Cross-sector collaboration is more effective than single sector actions at mitigating SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer

    Cook, Jonathan D. / Rosenblatt, Elias / Direnzo, Graziella / Campbell Grant, Evan H. / Mosher, Brittany A. / Arce, Fernando / Christensen, Sonja / Ghai, Ria R. / Runge, Michael C.

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: One Health helps achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals, plants, and their shared environments. We describe a multidisciplinary effort to better understand and mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread in white-tailed deer across One Health sectors. We ... ...

    Abstract One Health helps achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals, plants, and their shared environments. We describe a multidisciplinary effort to better understand and mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread in white-tailed deer across One Health sectors. We first framed the risk problem with three governance sectors that manage captive and wild deer and human public health. The framing included the objectives for each sector, interactions that facilitate human-to-deer and deer-to-deer transmission, and alternatives intended to reduce risk. We then developed a dynamic compartmental model that linked wild and captive deer herds and humans and simulated SARS-CoV-2 dynamics. For baseline conditions, we estimated that median SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in wild and captive herds varied between 0.03-0.07, incidence between 0.68-1.46, and probability of persistence between 0.64-0.97 across 120-day simulations. We then tested single-sector alternatives alone and in combination with other sector actions. We found that single sector alternatives varied in their ability to reduce transmission and that the best performing alternative required collaborative actions among wildlife management, agricultural management, and public health agencies.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-17
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2023.10.13.562192
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Clinical and epidemiologic features of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs and cats compiled through national surveillance in the United States.

    Liew, Amanda Y / Carpenter, Ann / Moore, Taylor A / Wallace, Ryan M / Hamer, Sarah A / Hamer, Gabriel L / Fischer, Rebecca S B / Zecca, Italo B / Davila, Edward / Auckland, Lisa D / Rooney, Jane A / Killian, Mary Lea / Tell, Rachel M / Rekant, Steven I / Burrell, Sierra D / Ghai, Ria R / Behravesh, Casey Barton

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

    2023  Band 261, Heft 4, Seite(n) 480–489

    Abstract: Objective: To characterize clinical and epidemiologic features of SARS-CoV-2 in companion animals detected through both passive and active surveillance in the US.: Animals: 204 companion animals (109 cats, 95 dogs) across 33 states with confirmed ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To characterize clinical and epidemiologic features of SARS-CoV-2 in companion animals detected through both passive and active surveillance in the US.
    Animals: 204 companion animals (109 cats, 95 dogs) across 33 states with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections between March 2020 and December 2021.
    Procedures: Public health officials, animal health officials, and academic researchers investigating zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 transmission events reported clinical, laboratory, and epidemiologic information through a standardized One Health surveillance process developed by the CDC and partners.
    Results: Among dogs and cats identified through passive surveillance, 94% (n = 87) had reported exposure to a person with COVID-19 before infection. Clinical signs of illness were present in 74% of pets identified through passive surveillance and 27% of pets identified through active surveillance. Duration of illness in pets averaged 15 days in cats and 12 days in dogs. The average time between human and pet onset of illness was 10 days. Viral nucleic acid was first detected at 3 days after exposure in both cats and dogs. Antibodies were detected starting 5 days after exposure, and titers were highest at 9 days in cats and 14 days in dogs.
    Clinical relevance: Results of the present study supported that cats and dogs primarily become infected with SARS-CoV-2 following exposure to a person with COVID-19, most often their owners. Case investigation and surveillance that include both people and animals are necessary to understand transmission dynamics and viral evolution of zoonotic diseases like SARS-CoV-2.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Cats ; Humans ; Dogs ; United States/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/veterinary ; Cat Diseases/epidemiology ; Dog Diseases/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Pets
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-01-02
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 390811-2
    ISSN 1943-569X ; 0003-1488
    ISSN (online) 1943-569X
    ISSN 0003-1488
    DOI 10.2460/javma.22.08.0375
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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