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  1. Artikel ; Online: Use of a non-anatomic mini-fragment fixation system for foot fractures.

    Hague, Matthew / Pintar, Valeria / Nielsen, Dominic / Trompeter, Alex

    ANZ journal of surgery

    2023  Band 93, Heft 7-8, Seite(n) 1924–1929

    Abstract: Background: Plating techniques for the fixation of foot fractures can utilize pre-contoured region-specific plates or non-anatomic non-specific mini-fragment plating systems, however there is limited published data describing complication rates.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Plating techniques for the fixation of foot fractures can utilize pre-contoured region-specific plates or non-anatomic non-specific mini-fragment plating systems, however there is limited published data describing complication rates.
    Methods: This study reviewed the complication rates and performed a cost analysis of 45 foot fractures that had fixation with the use of mini-fragment non-anatomic implants, comparing them to a series from the same centre fixed using anatomic implants and the published literature.
    Results: Complication rates seemed equivalent. Cost analysis demonstrated that non-anatomic implants were more expensive on average.
    Conclusions: Non-anatomic mini-fragment fixation is an appropriate method for use in a variety of foot trauma situations, with comparable complication rates to pre-contoured implants, although the potential for cost savings has not been realized in this patient cohort.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Treatment Outcome ; Fractures, Bone/surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods ; Prostheses and Implants ; Knee Injuries ; Ankle Injuries ; Bone Plates
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-06-11
    Erscheinungsland Australia
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050749-5
    ISSN 1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    ISSN (online) 1445-2197
    ISSN 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    DOI 10.1111/ans.18567
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Buch ; Online: Parikh's Theorem Made Symbolic

    Hague, Matthew / Jeż, Artur / Lin, Anthony W.

    2023  

    Abstract: Parikh's Theorem is a fundamental result in automata theory with numerous applications in computer science: software verification (e.g. infinite-state verification, string constraints, and theory of arrays), verification of cryptographic protocols (e.g. ... ...

    Abstract Parikh's Theorem is a fundamental result in automata theory with numerous applications in computer science: software verification (e.g. infinite-state verification, string constraints, and theory of arrays), verification of cryptographic protocols (e.g. using Horn clauses modulo equational theories) and database querying (e.g. evaluating path-queries in graph databases). Parikh's Theorem states that the letter-counting abstraction of a language recognized by finite automata or context-free grammars is definable in Presburger Arithmetic. Unfortunately, real-world applications typically require large alphabets - which are well-known to be not amenable to explicit treatment of the alphabets. Symbolic automata have proven in the last decade to be an effective algorithmic framework for handling large finite or even infinite alphabets. A symbolic automaton employs an effective boolean algebra, which offers a symbolic representation of character sets and often lends itself to an exponentially more succinct representation of a language. Instead of letter-counting, Parikh's Theorem for symbolic automata amounts to counting the number of times different predicates are satisfied by an input sequence. Unfortunately, naively applying Parikh's Theorem from classical automata theory to symbolic automata yields existential Presburger formulas of exponential size. We provide a new construction for Parikh's Theorem for symbolic automata and grammars, which avoids this exponential blowup: our algorithm computes an existential formula in polynomial-time over (quantifier-free) Presburger and the base theory. In fact, our algorithm extends to the model of parametric symbolic grammars, which are one of the most expressive models of languages over infinite alphabets. We have implemented our algorithm and show it can be used to solve string constraints that are difficult to solve by existing solvers.

    Comment: Accepted tp POPL '24
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory ; Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 511 ; 004
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-11-07
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel: Nailing distal tibial fractures: does entry technique affect distal alignment?

    Hague, Matthew / Texeira, Dominic / Anderson, Thomas / Williamson, Mike / Trompeter, Alex

    European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie

    2021  

    Abstract: Purpose: In treating distal third tibial fractures, restoration of the axial alignment and therefore accurate reduction of the distal fragment minimise the risk of tibiotalar joint malalignment. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there was ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: In treating distal third tibial fractures, restoration of the axial alignment and therefore accurate reduction of the distal fragment minimise the risk of tibiotalar joint malalignment. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there was a difference in accuracy of reduction and axial alignment, when nailing distal third tibial fractures using either the suprapatellar or the infrapatellar tibial nailing entry technique.
    Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared alignment of intramedullary nails performed for distal third tibial fractures between 2015 and 2018 through the suprapatellar and infrapatellar approach at a UK Level 1 trauma centre. It compared a consecutive series of 74 suprapatellar nails and 51 infrapatellar nails, with radiographic assessment of tibial alignment in the antero-posterior and sagittal planes. It included inter- and intra-observer analyses of radiographic measurements.
    Results: In the coronal plane, mean malalignment in the suprapatellar technique group was 2.8 ± 0.7° and 4.7 ± 0.9° in the infrapatellar technique group (P < 0.01). In the sagittal plane, mean malalignment in the suprapatellar technique group was 4.0 ± 0.8° and 3.5 ± 0.9° in the infrapatellar technique group (P = 0.42). Intra- and inter-observer analysis showed strongly positive correlations between observers.
    Conclusions: We suggest that the suprapatellar technique may improve coronal plane alignment when intramedullary nailing distal tibial fractures. There was no significant difference in alignment in the sagittal plane. We conclude that the suprapatellar technique may be superior in preventing malalignment when treating distal third tibial fractures, potentially improving clinical outcome.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-11-02
    Erscheinungsland France
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1231084-0
    ISSN 1432-1068 ; 1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
    ISSN (online) 1432-1068
    ISSN 1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
    DOI 10.1007/s00590-021-03148-0
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Obesogenic and diabetic effects of CD44 in mice are sexually dimorphic and dependent on genetic background.

    VerHague, Melissa / Albright, Jody / Barron, Keri / Kim, Myungsuk / Bennett, Brian J

    Biology of sex differences

    2022  Band 13, Heft 1, Seite(n) 14

    Abstract: Introduction: CD44 is a candidate gene for obesity and diabetes development and may be a critical mediator of a systemic inflammation associated with obesity and diabetes.: Methods: We investigated the relationship of CD44 with obesity in CD44- ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: CD44 is a candidate gene for obesity and diabetes development and may be a critical mediator of a systemic inflammation associated with obesity and diabetes.
    Methods: We investigated the relationship of CD44 with obesity in CD44-deficient mice challenged with a high-fat diet.
    Results: In mice fed a diet high in fat, cholesterol, and sucrose for 12 weeks fat mass accumulation was reduced in CD44-deficient mice bred onto both a C57BL/6J and the naturally TLR deficient C3H/HeJ background. Reduced fat mass could not be attributed to lower food intake or an increase in energy expenditure as measured by indirect calorimetry. However, we observed a 40-60% lower mRNA expression of the inflammation markers, F4/80, CD11b, TNF-α, and CD14, in adipose tissue of CD44-deficient mice on the C57BL/6J background but not the C3H/HeJ background, perhaps indicating that alternative factors may be affecting adiposity in this model. Measures of hepatic steatosis and insulin sensitivity were improved in CD44-deficient mice on a C57BL/6J but not in the C3H/HeJ mice. These results were highly sexually dimorphic as there were no detectable effects of CD44 inactivation in female mice on a C57BL/6 J or C3H/HeJ background.
    Conclusion: CD44 was associated with adiposity, liver fat, and glucose in male mice. However, the effects of CD44 on obesity may be independent of TLR4 signaling.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Genetic Background ; Hyaluronan Receptors/genetics ; Inflammation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Obesity/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Cd44 protein, mouse ; Hyaluronan Receptors
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-04-11
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2587352-0
    ISSN 2042-6410 ; 2042-6410
    ISSN (online) 2042-6410
    ISSN 2042-6410
    DOI 10.1186/s13293-022-00426-2
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Buch ; Online: Parameterised Pushdown Systems with Non-Atomic Writes

    Hague, Matthew

    2011  

    Abstract: We consider the master/slave parameterised reachability problem for networks of pushdown systems, where communication is via a global store using only non-atomic reads and writes. We show that the control-state reachability problem is decidable. As part ... ...

    Abstract We consider the master/slave parameterised reachability problem for networks of pushdown systems, where communication is via a global store using only non-atomic reads and writes. We show that the control-state reachability problem is decidable. As part of the result, we provide a constructive extension of a theorem by Ehrenfeucht and Rozenberg to produce an NFA equivalent to certain kinds of CFG. Finally, we show that the non-parameterised version is undecidable.

    Comment: This is the long version of a paper appearing in FSTTCS 2011
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory
    Erscheinungsdatum 2011-09-28
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  6. Artikel: Altered macronutrient composition and genetics influence the complex transcriptional network associated with adiposity in the Collaborative Cross.

    Yam, Phoebe / VerHague, Melissa / Albright, Jody / Gertz, Erik / Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Fernando / Bennett, Brian J

    Genes & nutrition

    2022  Band 17, Heft 1, Seite(n) 13

    Abstract: Background: Obesity is a serious disease with a complex etiology characterized by overaccumulation of adiposity resulting in detrimental health outcomes. Given the liver's critical role in the biological processes that attenuate adiposity accumulation, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Obesity is a serious disease with a complex etiology characterized by overaccumulation of adiposity resulting in detrimental health outcomes. Given the liver's critical role in the biological processes that attenuate adiposity accumulation, elucidating the influence of genetics and dietary patterns on hepatic gene expression is fundamental for improving methods of obesity prevention and treatment. To determine how genetics and diet impact obesity development, mice from 22 strains of the genetically diverse recombinant inbred Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse panel were challenged to either a high-protein or high-fat high-sucrose diet, followed by extensive phenotyping and analysis of hepatic gene expression.
    Results: Over 1000 genes differentially expressed by perturbed dietary macronutrient composition were enriched for biological processes related to metabolic pathways. Additionally, over 9000 genes were differentially expressed by strain and enriched for biological process involved in cell adhesion and signaling. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified multiple gene clusters (modules) associated with body fat % whose average expression levels were influenced by both dietary macronutrient composition and genetics. Each module was enriched for distinct types of biological functions.
    Conclusions: Genetic background affected hepatic gene expression in the CC overall, but diet macronutrient differences also altered expression of a specific subset of genes. Changes in macronutrient composition altered gene expression related to metabolic processes, while genetic background heavily influenced a broad range of cellular functions and processes irrespective of adiposity. Understanding the individual role of macronutrient composition, genetics, and their interaction is critical to developing therapeutic strategies and policy recommendations for precision nutrition.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-08-10
    Erscheinungsland Germany
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2416599-2
    ISSN 1865-3499 ; 1555-8932
    ISSN (online) 1865-3499
    ISSN 1555-8932
    DOI 10.1186/s12263-022-00714-x
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: How to investigate: Chronic pain.

    Hague, Matthew / Shenker, Nicholas

    Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology

    2015  Band 28, Heft 6, Seite(n) 860–874

    Abstract: Chronic pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience persisting longer than the normal process of healing, usually longer than 3 months. About a fifth of the world's population is believed to suffer from chronic pain. In Europe, ... ...

    Abstract Chronic pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience persisting longer than the normal process of healing, usually longer than 3 months. About a fifth of the world's population is believed to suffer from chronic pain. In Europe, chronic pain accounts for nearly 500 m lost working days, and it costs the European economy >€34 billion (£28 billion) every year. Establishing a reliable diagnosis is the primary challenge in evaluating a patient with chronic pain. Common diagnoses not to miss include seronegative spondyloarthritides, endocrine abnormalities including severe vitamin D deficiency and polymyalgia rheumatica. Once important or treatable diagnoses have been ruled out, the history can be used as a tool to establish a therapeutic plan for shared decision-making using the biopsychosocial model. Onward referral to pain clinics can be helpful for more involved patient management, but often good outcomes are achieved with the support of primary care.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Chronic Pain/diagnosis ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Chronic Pain/etiology ; Europe/epidemiology ; Humans ; Polymyalgia Rheumatica/diagnosis ; Primary Health Care/methods
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2015-05-23
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2052323-3
    ISSN 1532-1770 ; 1521-6942
    ISSN (online) 1532-1770
    ISSN 1521-6942
    DOI 10.1016/j.berh.2015.04.005
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Lung protective mechanical ventilation strategies in cardiothoracic critical care

    Zochios V / Hague M / Giraud K / Jones N

    International Journal of General Medicine, Vol Volume 9, Pp 415-

    a retrospective study

    2016  Band 418

    Abstract: Vasileios Zochios,1–3 Matthew Hague,3,4 Kimberly Giraud,5 Nicola Jones3 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, 2Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of ... ...

    Abstract Vasileios Zochios,1–3 Matthew Hague,3,4 Kimberly Giraud,5 Nicola Jones3 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, 2Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, 3Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Papworth Everard, Cambridge, 4Department of Medicine, Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust, Colchester General Hospital, Colchester, 5Research and Development Department, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Papworth Everard, Cambridge, UK Abstract: A body of evidence supports the use of low tidal volumes in ventilated patients without lung pathology to slow progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to ventilator associated lung injury. We undertook a retrospective chart review and tested the hypothesis that tidal volume is a predictor of mortality in cardiothoracic (medical and surgical) critical care patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. Independent predictors of mortality in our study included: type of surgery, albumin, H+, bilirubin, and fluid balance. In particular, it is important to note that cardiac, thoracic, and transplant surgical patients were associated with lower mortality. However, our study did not sample equally from The Berlin Definition of ARDS severity categories (mild, moderate, and severe hypoxemia). Although our study was not adequately powered to detect a difference in mortality between these groups, it will inform the development of a large prospective cohort study exploring the role of low tidal volume ventilation in cardiothoracic critically ill patients. Keywords: lung protective ventilation, cardiothoracic critical care, acute respiratory distress syndrome, invasive mechanical ventilation
    Schlagwörter lung protective ventilation ; cardiothoracic critical care ; acute respiratory distress syndrome ; invasive mechanical ventilation ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 360 ; 610
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Dove Medical Press
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Buch ; Online: Monadic Decomposition in Integer Linear Arithmetic (Technical Report)

    Hague, Matthew / Lin, Anthony Widjaja / Rümmer, Philipp / Wu, Zhilin

    2020  

    Abstract: Monadic decomposability is a notion of variable independence, which asks whether a given formula in a first-order theory is expressible as a Boolean combination of monadic predicates in the theory. Recently, Veanes et al. showed the usefulness of monadic ...

    Abstract Monadic decomposability is a notion of variable independence, which asks whether a given formula in a first-order theory is expressible as a Boolean combination of monadic predicates in the theory. Recently, Veanes et al. showed the usefulness of monadic decomposability in the context of SMT (i.e. the input formula is quantifier-free), and found various interesting applications including string analysis. However, checking monadic decomposability is undecidable in general. Decidability for certain theories is known (e.g. Presburger Arithmetic, Tarski's Real-Closed Field), but there are very few results regarding their computational complexity. In this paper, we study monadic decomposability of integer linear arithmetic in the setting of SMT. We show that this decision problem is coNP-complete and, when monadically decomposable, a formula admits a decomposition of exponential size in the worst case. We provide a new application of our results to string constraint solving with length constraints. We then extend our results to variadic decomposability, where predicates could admit multiple free variables (in contrast to monadic decomposability). Finally, we give an application to quantifier elimination in integer linear arithmetic where the variables in a block of quantifiers, if independent, could be eliminated with an exponential (instead of the standard doubly exponential) blow-up.
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science ; F.4.1
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 511
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-04-26
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Monadic Decomposition in Integer Linear Arithmetic

    Hague, Matthew / Lin, Anthony W. / Rümmer, Philipp / Wu, Zhilin

    Automated Reasoning

    Abstract: Monadic decomposability is a notion of variable independence, which asks whether a given formula in a first-order theory is expressible as a Boolean combination of monadic predicates in the theory. Recently, Veanes et al. showed the usefulness of monadic ...

    Abstract Monadic decomposability is a notion of variable independence, which asks whether a given formula in a first-order theory is expressible as a Boolean combination of monadic predicates in the theory. Recently, Veanes et al. showed the usefulness of monadic decomposability in the context of SMT (i.e. the input formula is quantifier-free), and found various interesting applications including string analysis. However, checking monadic decomposability is undecidable in general. Decidability for certain theories is known (e.g. Presburger Arithmetic, Tarski’s Real-Closed Field), but there are very few results regarding their computational complexity. In this paper, we study monadic decomposability of integer linear arithmetic in the setting of SMT. We show that this decision problem is coNP-complete and, when monadically decomposable, a formula admits a decomposition of exponential size in the worst case. We provide a new application of our results to string constraint solving with length constraints. We then extend our results to variadic decomposability, where predicates could admit multiple free variables (in contrast to monadic decomposability). Finally, we give an application to quantifier elimination in integer linear arithmetic where the variables in a block of quantifiers, if independent, could be eliminated with an exponential (instead of the standard doubly exponential) blow-up.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Verlag PMC
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-51074-9_8
    Datenquelle COVID19

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