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  1. Artikel ; Online: Rapid response of thyroid eye disease, peripheral edema, and acropathy to teprotumumab infusion.

    Kelly, David A / Turbin, Roger E

    American journal of ophthalmology case reports

    2024  Band 34, Seite(n) 102031

    Abstract: Purpose: We present a case of rapid improvement in symptoms of thyroid eye disease and amelioration of worsening peripheral edema and acropathy with infusion of teprotumumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor.: ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: We present a case of rapid improvement in symptoms of thyroid eye disease and amelioration of worsening peripheral edema and acropathy with infusion of teprotumumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor.
    Observations: A 66 year old female with history of Hashimoto thyroiditis developed progressive thyroid eye disease (TED), peripheral edema, and acropathy attributable to acute Graves disease. Her signs and symptoms, refractory to oral steroid and diuretic therapy, rapidly improved following a standard dosing regimen of teprotumumab (one infusion 10 mg/kg then seven infusions 20 mg/kg) to resolution.
    Conclusions & importance: Teprotumumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, is the first medication approved by the FDA for use in TED. Teprotumumab may contribute to the treatment of extraocular manifestations of Graves disease, chief among these peripheral soft tissue manifestations.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-03-02
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Case Reports
    ISSN 2451-9936
    ISSN (online) 2451-9936
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajoc.2024.102031
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  2. Buch ; Online: Multiple Different Explanations for Image Classifiers

    Chockler, Hana / Kelly, David A. / Kroening, Daniel

    2023  

    Abstract: Existing explanation tools for image classifiers usually give only one single explanation for an image. For many images, however, both humans and image classifiers accept more than one explanation for the image label. Thus, restricting the number of ... ...

    Abstract Existing explanation tools for image classifiers usually give only one single explanation for an image. For many images, however, both humans and image classifiers accept more than one explanation for the image label. Thus, restricting the number of explanations to just one severely limits the insight into the behavior of the classifier. In this paper, we describe an algorithm and a tool, REX, for computing multiple explanations of the output of a black-box image classifier for a given image. Our algorithm uses a principled approach based on causal theory. We analyse its theoretical complexity and provide experimental results showing that REX finds multiple explanations on 7 times more images than the previous work on the ImageNet-mini benchmark.
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-09-25
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Aerosol and bioaerosol particle size and dynamics from defective sanitary plumbing systems.

    Gormley, Michael / Aspray, Thomas J / Kelly, David A

    Indoor air

    2021  Band 31, Heft 5, Seite(n) 1427–1440

    Abstract: Aerosols are readily transported on airstreams through building sanitary plumbing and sewer systems, and those containing microbial pathogens (known as bioaerosols) are recognized as contributors to infection spread within buildings. When a defect occurs ...

    Abstract Aerosols are readily transported on airstreams through building sanitary plumbing and sewer systems, and those containing microbial pathogens (known as bioaerosols) are recognized as contributors to infection spread within buildings. When a defect occurs in the sanitary plumbing system that affects the system integrity, a cross-transmission route is created that can enable the emission of bioaerosols from the system into the building. These emission occurrences are characterized as short-burst events (typically <1 min in duration) which make them difficult to detect and predict. The characterization of these emission events is the focus of this research. Two methods were used to characterize bioaerosol emission events in a full-scale test rig: (a) an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) for particle size distribution and concentrations; and (b) a slit-to-agar sampler to enumerate the ingress of a viable tracer microorganism (Pseudomonas putida). The APS data confirmed that most particles (>99.5%) were <5 μm and were therefore considered aerosols. Particles generated within the sanitary plumbing system as a result of a toilet flush leads to emissions into the building during system defect conditions with an equivalence of someone talking loudly for over 6 and a half minutes. There were no particles detected of a size >11 μm anywhere in the system. Particle count was influenced by toilet flush volume, but it was not possible to determine if there was any direct influence from airflow rate since both particle and biological data showed no correlation with upward airflow rates and velocities. Typical emissions resulting from a 6 L toilet flush were in the range of 280-400 particles per second at a concentration of typically 9-12 number per cm
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Bathroom Equipment/statistics & numerical data ; COVID-19/transmission ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Particle Size ; Pseudomonas putida/isolation & purification ; Sanitary Engineering/statistics & numerical data
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-02-10
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1081722-0
    ISSN 1600-0668 ; 0905-6947
    ISSN (online) 1600-0668
    ISSN 0905-6947
    DOI 10.1111/ina.12797
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Verfügbar in ZB MED Bonn

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  4. Artikel ; Online: COVID-19: mitigating transmission via wastewater plumbing systems.

    Gormley, Michael / Aspray, Thomas J / Kelly, David A

    The Lancet. Global health

    2020  Band 8, Heft 5, Seite(n) e643

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Hong Kong/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sanitary Engineering ; Waste Water/virology
    Chemische Substanzen Waste Water
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-03-23
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Letter
    ZDB-ID 2723488-5
    ISSN 2214-109X ; 2214-109X
    ISSN (online) 2214-109X
    ISSN 2214-109X
    DOI 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30112-1
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  5. Artikel ; Online: Microtubule-independent movement of the fission yeast nucleus.

    Ashraf, Sanju / Tay, Ye Dee / Kelly, David A / Sawin, Kenneth E

    Journal of cell science

    2021  Band 134, Heft 6

    Abstract: Movement of the cell nucleus typically involves the cytoskeleton and either polymerization-based pushing forces or motor-based pulling forces. In the fission ... ...

    Abstract Movement of the cell nucleus typically involves the cytoskeleton and either polymerization-based pushing forces or motor-based pulling forces. In the fission yeast
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Cell Nucleus ; Interphase ; Microtubules ; Schizosaccharomyces ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics
    Chemische Substanzen Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-03-26
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2993-2
    ISSN 1477-9137 ; 0021-9533
    ISSN (online) 1477-9137
    ISSN 0021-9533
    DOI 10.1242/jcs.253021
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Verfügbar in ZB MED Köln/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1200: Hefte anzeigen Standort:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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  6. Artikel ; Online: Establishment of centromere identity is dependent on nuclear spatial organization.

    Wu, Weifang / McHugh, Toni / Kelly, David A / Pidoux, Alison L / Allshire, Robin C

    Current biology : CB

    2022  Band 32, Heft 14, Seite(n) 3121–3136.e6

    Abstract: The establishment of centromere-specific CENP-A chromatin is influenced by epigenetic and genetic processes. Central domain sequences from fission yeast centromeres are preferred substrates for CENP- ... ...

    Abstract The establishment of centromere-specific CENP-A chromatin is influenced by epigenetic and genetic processes. Central domain sequences from fission yeast centromeres are preferred substrates for CENP-A
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Centromere/metabolism ; Centromere Protein A/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; DNA/genetics ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Centromere Protein A ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; Cnp1 protein, S pombe ; Heterochromatin ; Histones ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-07-12
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.048
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Verfügbar in ZB MED Köln/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3208: Hefte anzeigen Standort:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Buch ; Online: MRxaI

    Blake, Nathan / Chockler, Hana / Kelly, David A. / Pena, Santiago Calderon / Chanchal, Akchunya

    Black-Box Explainability for Image Classifiers in a Medical Setting

    2023  

    Abstract: Existing tools for explaining the output of image classifiers can be divided into white-box, which rely on access to the model internals, and black-box, agnostic to the model. As the usage of AI in the medical domain grows, so too does the usage of ... ...

    Abstract Existing tools for explaining the output of image classifiers can be divided into white-box, which rely on access to the model internals, and black-box, agnostic to the model. As the usage of AI in the medical domain grows, so too does the usage of explainability tools. Existing work on medical image explanations focuses on white-box tools, such as gradcam. However, there are clear advantages to switching to a black-box tool, including the ability to use it with any classifier and the wide selection of black-box tools available. On standard images, black-box tools are as precise as white-box. In this paper we compare the performance of several black-box methods against gradcam on a brain cancer MRI dataset. We demonstrate that most black-box tools are not suitable for explaining medical image classifications and present a detailed analysis of the reasons for their shortcomings. We also show that one black-box tool, a causal explainability-based rex, performs as well as \gradcam.
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 629
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-11-24
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  8. Artikel ; Online: MeCP2 binds to methylated DNA independently of phase separation and heterochromatin organisation.

    Pantier, Raphaël / Brown, Megan / Han, Sicheng / Paton, Katie / Meek, Stephen / Montavon, Thomas / Shukeir, Nicholas / McHugh, Toni / Kelly, David A / Hochepied, Tino / Libert, Claude / Jenuwein, Thomas / Burdon, Tom / Bird, Adrian

    Nature communications

    2024  Band 15, Heft 1, Seite(n) 3880

    Abstract: Correlative evidence has suggested that the methyl-CpG-binding protein MeCP2 contributes to the formation of heterochromatin condensates via liquid-liquid phase separation. This interpretation has been reinforced by the observation that heterochromatin, ... ...

    Abstract Correlative evidence has suggested that the methyl-CpG-binding protein MeCP2 contributes to the formation of heterochromatin condensates via liquid-liquid phase separation. This interpretation has been reinforced by the observation that heterochromatin, DNA methylation and MeCP2 co-localise within prominent foci in mouse cells. The findings presented here revise this view. MeCP2 localisation is independent of heterochromatin as MeCP2 foci persist even when heterochromatin organisation is disrupted. Additionally, MeCP2 foci fail to show hallmarks of phase separation in live cells. Importantly, we find that mouse cellular models are highly atypical as MeCP2 distribution is diffuse in most mammalian species, including humans. Notably, MeCP2 foci are absent in Mus spretus which is a mouse subspecies lacking methylated satellite DNA repeats. We conclude that MeCP2 has no intrinsic tendency to form condensates and its localisation is independent of heterochromatin. Instead, the distribution of MeCP2 in the nucleus is primarily determined by global DNA methylation patterns.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/metabolism ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/genetics ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Animals ; DNA Methylation ; Mice ; Humans ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA, Satellite/metabolism ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; Phase Separation
    Chemische Substanzen Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 ; Heterochromatin ; Mecp2 protein, mouse ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; DNA, Satellite
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-05-08
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-47395-1
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  10. Artikel ; Online: Aerosol and bioaerosol particle size and dynamics from defective sanitary plumbing systems

    Gormley, Michael / Aspray, Thomas J / Kelly, David A

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Aerosols are readily transported on airstreams through building sanitary plumbing and sewer systems and those containing microbial pathogens (known as bioaerosols) are recognised as contributors to infection spread within buildings. When a defect occurs ... ...

    Abstract Aerosols are readily transported on airstreams through building sanitary plumbing and sewer systems and those containing microbial pathogens (known as bioaerosols) are recognised as contributors to infection spread within buildings. When a defect occurs in the sanitary plumbing system that affects the system integrity, a cross transmission route is created that can enable the emission of bioaerosols from the system into the building. These emission occurrences are characterised as short burst events (typically < 1 minute in duration) which makes them difficult to detect and predict. The characterisation of these emission events is the focus of this research. Two methods were used to characterise bioaerosol emission events in a full scale test rig : (i) an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) for particle size distribution and concentrations; and (ii) a slit to agar sampler to enumerate the ingress of a viable tracer microorganism (Pseudomonas putida). The APS data confirmed that most particles (> 99.5%) were <5 μm and were therefore considered aerosols. Particles generated within the sanitary plumbing system as a result of a toilet flush leads to emissions into the building during system defect conditions with an equivalence of someone talking loudly for over 6 and a half minutes. There were no particles detected of a size > 11 μm anywhere in the system. Particle count was influenced by flush volume, but it was not possible to determine if there was any direct influence from airflow rate. Typical emissions resulting from a 6 litre flush were in the range of 200 to 400 particles per second at a concentration of typically 9 to 12 number per cm <sup>3</sup> and a total particle count in the region of 3,000 to 4,000 particles, whereas the peak emissions from a 1.2 litre flush was 60 to 80 particles per second at a concentration of 2.4 to 3 number per cm<sup>3</sup> and a total particle count in the region of 886 to 1045 particles. The reduction in particles is in direct proportion to the reduction in flush volume. The slit to agar sampler was able to provide viable time course CFU data and confirmed the origin of the particles to be the tracer microorganism flushed into the system. The time course data also has characteristics consistent with the unsteady nature of a toilet flush.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-11-04
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.11.01.20223974
    Datenquelle COVID19

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