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  1. Article ; Online: Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 during early introduction into the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area

    Peter M. Thielen / Shirlee Wohl / Thomas Mehoke / Srividya Ramakrishnan / Melanie Kirsche / Oluwaseun Falade-Nwulia / Nídia S. Trovão / Amanda Ernlund / Craig Howser / Norah Sadowski / C. Paul Morris / Mark Hopkins / Matthew Schwartz / Yunfan Fan / Victoria Gniazdowski / Justin Lessler / Lauren Sauer / Michael C. Schatz / Jared D. Evans /
    Stuart C. Ray / Winston Timp / Heba H. Mostafa

    JCI Insight, Vol 6, Iss

    2021  Volume 6

    Abstract: The early COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by rapid global spread. In Maryland and Washington, DC, United States, more than 2500 cases were reported within 3 weeks of the first COVID-19 detection in March 2020. We aimed to use genomic sequencing to ... ...

    Abstract The early COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by rapid global spread. In Maryland and Washington, DC, United States, more than 2500 cases were reported within 3 weeks of the first COVID-19 detection in March 2020. We aimed to use genomic sequencing to understand the initial spread of SARS-CoV-2 — the virus that causes COVID-19 — in the region. We analyzed 620 samples collected from the Johns Hopkins Health System during March 11–31, 2020, comprising 28.6% of the total cases in Maryland and Washington, DC. From these samples, we generated 114 complete viral genomes. Analysis of these genomes alongside a subsampling of over 1000 previously published sequences showed that the diversity in this region rivaled global SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity at that time and that the sequences belong to all of the major globally circulating lineages, suggesting multiple introductions into the region. We also analyzed these regional SARS-CoV-2 genomes alongside detailed clinical metadata and found that clinically severe cases had viral genomes belonging to all major viral lineages. We conclude that efforts to control local spread of the virus were likely confounded by the number of introductions into the region early in the epidemic and the interconnectedness of the region as a whole.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher American Society for Clinical investigation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Characterizing Emerging Canine H3 Influenza Viruses.

    Luis Martinez-Sobrido / Pilar Blanco-Lobo / Laura Rodriguez / Theresa Fitzgerald / Hanyuan Zhang / Phuong Nguyen / Christopher S Anderson / Jeanne Holden-Wiltse / Sanjukta Bandyopadhyay / Aitor Nogales / Marta L DeDiego / Brian R Wasik / Benjamin L Miller / Carole Henry / Patrick C Wilson / Mark Y Sangster / John J Treanor / David J Topham / Lauren Byrd-Leotis /
    David A Steinhauer / Richard D Cummings / Jasmina M Luczo / Stephen M Tompkins / Kaori Sakamoto / Cheryl A Jones / John Steel / Anice C Lowen / Shamika Danzy / Hui Tao / Ashley L Fink / Sabra L Klein / Nicholas Wohlgemuth / Katherine J Fenstermacher / Farah El Najjar / Andrew Pekosz / Lauren Sauer / Mitra K Lewis / Kathryn Shaw-Saliba / Richard E Rothman / Zhen-Ying Liu / Kuan-Fu Chen / Colin R Parrish / Ian E H Voorhees / Yoshihiro Kawaoka / Gabriele Neumann / Shiho Chiba / Shufang Fan / Masato Hatta / Huihui Kong / Gongxun Zhong

    PLoS Pathogens, Vol 16, Iss 4, p e

    2020  Volume 1008409

    Abstract: The continual emergence of novel influenza A strains from non-human hosts requires constant vigilance and the need for ongoing research to identify strains that may pose a human public health risk. Since 1999, canine H3 influenza A viruses (CIVs) have ... ...

    Abstract The continual emergence of novel influenza A strains from non-human hosts requires constant vigilance and the need for ongoing research to identify strains that may pose a human public health risk. Since 1999, canine H3 influenza A viruses (CIVs) have caused many thousands or millions of respiratory infections in dogs in the United States. While no human infections with CIVs have been reported to date, these viruses could pose a zoonotic risk. In these studies, the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) network collaboratively demonstrated that CIVs replicated in some primary human cells and transmitted effectively in mammalian models. While people born after 1970 had little or no pre-existing humoral immunity against CIVs, the viruses were sensitive to existing antivirals and we identified a panel of H3 cross-reactive human monoclonal antibodies (hmAbs) that could have prophylactic and/or therapeutic value. Our data predict these CIVs posed a low risk to humans. Importantly, we showed that the CEIRS network could work together to provide basic research information important for characterizing emerging influenza viruses, although there were valuable lessons learned.
    Keywords Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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