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  1. Artikel: The invasive grass Agropyron cristatum doubles belowground productivity but not soil carbon.

    Macdougall, Andrew S / Wilson, Scott D

    Ecology

    2011  Band 92, Heft 3, Seite(n) 657–664

    Abstract: Root dynamics are among the largest knowledge gaps in determining how terrestrial carbon (C) cycles will respond to environmental change. Increases in productivity accompanying plant invasions and introductions could increase ecosystem C storage, but ... ...

    Abstract Root dynamics are among the largest knowledge gaps in determining how terrestrial carbon (C) cycles will respond to environmental change. Increases in productivity accompanying plant invasions and introductions could increase ecosystem C storage, but belowground changes are unknown, even though roots may account for 50-90% of production in temperate ecosystems. We examined whether the introduction of a widespread invasive grass with relatively high shoot production also increased belowground productivity and soil C storage, using a multiyear rhizotron study in 50-year-old stands dominated either by the invasive C3 grass Agropyron cristatum or by largely C4 native grasses. Relative to native vegetation, stands dominated by the invader had doubled root productivity. Soil carbon isotope values showed that the invader had made detectable contributions to soil C. Soil C content, however, was not significantly different between invader-dominated stands (0.42 mg C/g soil) and native vegetation (0.45 mg C/g soil). The discrepancy between enhanced production and lack of soil C changes was attributable to differences in root traits between invader-dominated stands and native vegetation. Relative to native vegetation, roots beneath the invader had 59% more young white tissue, with 80% higher mortality and 19% lower C:N ratios (all P < 0.05). Such patterns have previously been reported for aboveground tissues of invaders, and we show that they are also found belowground. If these root traits occur in other invasive species, then the global phenomenon of increased productivity following biological invasion may not increase soil C storage.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Agropyron/physiology ; Carbon/chemistry ; Ecosystem ; Introduced Species ; Plant Roots/physiology ; Soil/chemistry ; Soil Microbiology ; Time Factors
    Chemische Substanzen Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2011-03-28
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1797-8
    ISSN 0012-9658
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1890/10-0631.1
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel: The invasive grass Agropyron cristatum doubles belowground productivity but not soil carbon

    Macdougall, Andrew S / Scott D. Wilson

    Ecology. 2011 Mar., v. 92, no. 3

    2011  

    Abstract: Root dynamics are among the largest knowledge gaps in determining how terrestrial carbon (C) cycles will respond to environmental change. Increases in productivity accompanying plant invasions and introductions could increase ecosystem C storage, but ... ...

    Abstract Root dynamics are among the largest knowledge gaps in determining how terrestrial carbon (C) cycles will respond to environmental change. Increases in productivity accompanying plant invasions and introductions could increase ecosystem C storage, but belowground changes are unknown, even though roots may account for 50–90% of production in temperate ecosystems. We examined whether the introduction of a widespread invasive grass with relatively high shoot production also increased belowground productivity and soil C storage, using a multiyear rhizotron study in 50‐year‐old stands dominated either by the invasive C₃ grass Agropyron cristatum or by largely C₄ native grasses. Relative to native vegetation, stands dominated by the invader had doubled root productivity. Soil carbon isotope values showed that the invader had made detectable contributions to soil C. Soil C content, however, was not significantly different between invader‐dominated stands (0.42 mg C/g soil) and native vegetation (0.45 mg C/g soil). The discrepancy between enhanced production and lack of soil C changes was attributable to differences in root traits between invader‐dominated stands and native vegetation. Relative to native vegetation, roots beneath the invader had 59% more young white tissue, with 80% higher mortality and 19% lower C:N ratios (all P < 0.05). Such patterns have previously been reported for aboveground tissues of invaders, and we show that they are also found belowground. If these root traits occur in other invasive species, then the global phenomenon of increased productivity following biological invasion may not increase soil C storage.
    Schlagwörter Agropyron cristatum ; C3 plants ; carbon ; carbon nitrogen ratio ; carbon sequestration ; ecological invasion ; ecosystems ; grasses ; indigenous species ; invasive species ; isotopes ; mortality ; roots ; soil ; tissues
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2011-03
    Umfang p. 657-664.
    Erscheinungsort Ecological Society of America
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1797-8
    ISSN 0012-9658
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1890/10-0631.1
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

    Volltext online

    Zusatzmaterialien

    Kategorien

    Verfügbar in ZB MED Bonn

    Z 4' 49/37: Hefte anzeigen
    Z 7543: Hefte anzeigen

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    Dieser Service ist kostenpflichtig (siehe Lieferbedingungen von subito). Bestellungen, die einen Artikel nebst Supplementary Material umfassen, werden grundsätzlich wie mehrfache Bestellungen bearbeitet. Gebühren fallen in diesen Fällen für jede einzelne Bestellung an.

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  3. Artikel: Evolutionary history of grazing and resources determine herbivore exclusion effects on plant diversity

    Price, Jodi / Sitters, Judith / Ohlert, Timothy / Tognetti, Pedro M. / Brown, Cynthia S. / Seabloom, Eric W. / Borer, Elizabeth T. / Prober, Suzanne M. / Bakker, Elisabeth S. / Macdougall, Andrew S. / Yahdjian, Laura / Gruner, Daniel S. / Venterink, Harry Olde / Barrio, Isabel C. / Graff, Pamela / Bagchi, Sumanta / Arnillas, Carlos Alberto / Bakker, Jonathan D. / Blumenthal, Dana M. /
    Boughton, Elizabeth H. / Brudvig, Lars A. / Bugalho, Miguel N. / Cadotte, Marc W. / Caldeira, Maria C. / Dickman, Chris R. / Donohue, Ian / Gregory, Sonnier / Hautier, Yann / Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg S. / Lannes, Luciola S. / Mcculley, Rebecca L. / Moore, Joslin L. / Power, Sally A. / Risch, Anita C. / Schutz, Martin / Standish, Rachel / Stevens, Carly J. / Veen, G.F. / Virtanen, Risto / Wardle, Glenda M.

    Nature ecology & evolution. 2022 July 25,

    2022  

    Abstract: Ecological models predict that the effects of mammalian herbivore exclusion on plant diversity depend on resource availability and plant exposure to ungulate grazing over evolutionary time. Using an experiment replicated in 57 grasslands on six ... ...

    Abstract Ecological models predict that the effects of mammalian herbivore exclusion on plant diversity depend on resource availability and plant exposure to ungulate grazing over evolutionary time. Using an experiment replicated in 57 grasslands on six continents, with contrasting evolutionary history of grazing, we tested how resources (mean annual precipitation and nutrient addition) determine herbivore exclusion effects on plant diversity, decomposed into richness and evenness. We test the hypothesis that in sites with a long history of ungulate grazing, plant diversity decreases with herbivore exclusion in resource-rich sites; whereas in short-history sites the effect of herbivore exclusion depends on plant species origin (native or exotic from long history sites). We found that in long-history sites, herbivore exclusion reduced plant diversity by reducing both richness and evenness, but only the response of richness to herbivore exclusion decreased with mean annual precipitation. In short-history sites, the effects of herbivore exclusion differed for native and exotic plant richness and depended on fertilization; native species richness was unaffected by herbivore exclusion, whereas exotic species richness declined with herbivore exclusion in fertilized plots. In sum, herbivore exclusion caused loss of plant diversity in resource rich grasslands that evolved with ungulates, but these findings do not simply extrapolate to other grasslands, rather they depend on grazing history and plant provenance. Thus, plant species' evolutionary history of grazing continues to shape the response of the world's grasslands to changing mammalian herbivory.
    Schlagwörter atmospheric precipitation ; evolution ; herbivores ; indigenous species ; introduced plants ; provenance ; species richness ; ungulates
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2022-0725
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ISSN 2397-334X
    DOI 10.1038/s41559-022-01809-9
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Artikel: invasive grass Agropyron cristatum doubles belowground productivity but not soil carbon

    Macdougall, Andrew S. / Scott D. Wilson

    Ecology

    Band v. 92,, Heft no. 3

    Abstract: Root dynamics are among the largest knowledge gaps in determining how terrestrial carbon (C) cycles will respond to environmental change. Increases in productivity accompanying plant invasions and introductions could increase ecosystem C storage, but ... ...

    Abstract Root dynamics are among the largest knowledge gaps in determining how terrestrial carbon (C) cycles will respond to environmental change. Increases in productivity accompanying plant invasions and introductions could increase ecosystem C storage, but belowground changes are unknown, even though roots may account for 50–90% of production in temperate ecosystems. We examined whether the introduction of a widespread invasive grass with relatively high shoot production also increased belowground productivity and soil C storage, using a multiyear rhizotron study in 50‐year‐old stands dominated either by the invasive C₃ grass Agropyron cristatum or by largely C₄ native grasses. Relative to native vegetation, stands dominated by the invader had doubled root productivity. Soil carbon isotope values showed that the invader had made detectable contributions to soil C. Soil C content, however, was not significantly different between invader‐dominated stands (0.42 mg C/g soil) and native vegetation (0.45 mg C/g soil). The discrepancy between enhanced production and lack of soil C changes was attributable to differences in root traits between invader‐dominated stands and native vegetation. Relative to native vegetation, roots beneath the invader had 59% more young white tissue, with 80% higher mortality and 19% lower C:N ratios (all P < 0.05). Such patterns have previously been reported for aboveground tissues of invaders, and we show that they are also found belowground. If these root traits occur in other invasive species, then the global phenomenon of increased productivity following biological invasion may not increase soil C storage.
    Sprache Englisch
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ISSN 0012-9658
    Datenquelle AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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    Dieser Service ist kostenpflichtig (siehe Lieferbedingungen von subito). Bestellungen, die einen Artikel nebst Supplementary Material umfassen, werden grundsätzlich wie mehrfache Bestellungen bearbeitet. Gebühren fallen in diesen Fällen für jede einzelne Bestellung an.

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