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  1. Artikel: Younger age is associated with cardiovascular pathological phenotype of severe COVID-19 at autopsy.

    Giugni, Fernando R / Duarte-Neto, Amaro N / da Silva, Luiz Fernando F / Monteiro, Renata A A / Mauad, Thais / Saldiva, Paulo H N / Dolhnikoff, Marisa

    Frontiers in medicine

    2024  Band 10, Seite(n) 1327415

    Abstract: Introduction: COVID-19 affects patients of all ages. There are few autopsy studies focusing on the younger population. We assessed an autopsy cohort aiming to understand how age influences pathological outcomes in fatal COVID-19.: Methods: This study ...

    Abstract Introduction: COVID-19 affects patients of all ages. There are few autopsy studies focusing on the younger population. We assessed an autopsy cohort aiming to understand how age influences pathological outcomes in fatal COVID-19.
    Methods: This study included autopsied patients, aged 6 months to 83 years, with confirmed COVID-19 in 2020-2021. We collected tissue samples from deceased patients using a minimally invasive autopsy protocol and assessed pathological data following a systematic approach.
    Results: Eighty-six patients were included, with a median age of 55 years (IQR 32.3-66.0). We showed that age was significantly lower in patients with acute heart ischemia (
    Conclusion: We showed that age modulates pathological outcomes in fatal COVID-19. Younger age is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities and older age with pulmonary findings.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-01-08
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2023.1327415
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  2. Artikel: Atmospheric microplastic fallout in outdoor and indoor environments in São Paulo megacity

    Amato-Lourenço, Luís Fernando / dos Santos Galvão, Luciana / Wiebeck, Hélio / Carvalho-Oliveira, Regiani / Mauad, Thais

    Science of the total environment. 2022 May 15, v. 821

    2022  

    Abstract: Plastics are widely used by society, and their degradation into millimetre fragments, called microplastics (MPs), has become a global environmental threat to ecosystems and human health. However, airborne MPs' presence and fallout fluxes from the ... ...

    Abstract Plastics are widely used by society, and their degradation into millimetre fragments, called microplastics (MPs), has become a global environmental threat to ecosystems and human health. However, airborne MPs' presence and fallout fluxes from the atmosphere are poorly understood and can vary significantly by different conditions, especially in megacities of low- and middle-income countries, where high levels of vehicular air pollution, a high-density population, high plastic use, and inadequate disposal are environmental threats related to airborne MPs. In this study, we investigate the amount, chemical composition, and morphological characteristics of outdoor and indoor airborne MPs fallout in the megacity of São Paulo and assess the influence of weather and seasons on airborne MPs fallout. The results were as follows: MPs were found in all samples with an average fallout rate of 309.40 ± 214.71 MPs/m²/day in the indoor environment, and 123.20 ± 47.09 MPs/m²/day in the outdoor environment; MPs concentrations were higher in the indoor environment than the outdoor environment, with more fibres than particles; polyester fibres (100%), polyethylene (59%) and polypropylene (26%) particles were the dominant polymers indoors, while in outdoors, polyester fibres (76%) and polyethylene (67%) and polyethylene terephthalate (25%) particles were dominant. Fragment was the dominant morphology of particles found in indoor and outdoor samples (64% and 74%, respectively). Outdoor MPs fallout correlated positively with rainfall, wind velocity, and relative humidity. This evidence is the first on airborne MPs in a Latin America megacity and highlights the relevant role that this source plays in different environments.
    Schlagwörter air pollution ; chemical composition ; cities ; environment ; human health ; microplastics ; polyethylene ; polyethylene terephthalates ; polypropylenes ; rain ; relative humidity ; wind speed ; Brazil ; Latin America
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2022-0515
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier B.V.
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153450
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  3. Artikel: Balanced spatial distribution of green areas creates healthier urban landscapes

    Cirino, Douglas William / Tambosi, Leandro Reverberi / Mauad, Thais / de Freitas, Simone Rodrigues / Metzger, Jean Paul

    Journal of applied ecology. 2022 July, v. 59, no. 7

    2022  

    Abstract: The benefits of green infrastructure on human well‐being in urban areas are already well‐established, with strong evidence of the positive effects of the amount and proximity to green areas. However, the understanding of how the spatial distribution and ... ...

    Abstract The benefits of green infrastructure on human well‐being in urban areas are already well‐established, with strong evidence of the positive effects of the amount and proximity to green areas. However, the understanding of how the spatial distribution and type of green areas affect health is still an open question. Here, through a land sharing and sparing framework, we explore how different spatial configurations of green and built‐up areas and how different types of green areas can affect cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalizations in São Paulo city, Brazil. Sharing/sparing indicators were selected as the main explanatory factors in the control of all groups of diseases. Land sharing appeared as a favourable spatial condition to prevent cardiovascular hospitalization, while land sparing and arboreal vegetation were relevant to reduce hospitalization by lower respiratory diseases. For upper respiratory diseases, forests seem to provide a disservice, once they were associated with increased rates of hospitalization by respiratory allergies causes. Considering that hospitalization rates and severity of cardiovascular diseases are substantially higher than those of upper respiratory ones, dense vegetation tends to provide more services than disservices. The land sharing configuration, which is characterized by green areas spread throughout the urban network (in streets, gardens, small squares or parks), should lead to higher exposure and use of the benefits of green areas, which may then explain the greater prevention of cardiovascular diseases. These novel results indicate that a more balanced distribution of green areas across built‐up areas creates healthier urban spaces, and thus can be used as an urban planning strategy to leverage the health benefits provided by green infrastructure. Policy implications. Aiming to reduce hospitalizations by cardiovascular and pulmonary causes, urban planning should promote the spreading of green areas across the cities, in order to increase daily contact with natural attributes, giving preference to distribution over total quantity of green in urban landscape.
    Schlagwörter applied ecology ; green infrastructure ; issues and policy ; landscapes ; social welfare ; Brazil
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2022-07
    Umfang p. 1884-1896.
    Erscheinungsort John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 410405-5
    ISSN 1365-2664 ; 0021-8901
    ISSN (online) 1365-2664
    ISSN 0021-8901
    DOI 10.1111/1365-2664.14195
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  4. Artikel ; Online: Airway smooth muscle and long-term clinical efficacy following bronchial thermoplasty in severe asthma.

    Wijsman, Pieta C / Goorsenberg, Annika W M / d'Hooghe, Julia N S / Ten Hacken, Nick H T / J T H Roelofs, Joris / Mauad, Thais / Weersink, Els J M / Shah, Pallav / Annema, Jouke T / Bonta, Peter I

    Thorax

    2024  Band 79, Heft 4, Seite(n) 359–362

    Abstract: The mechanism of action of bronchial thermoplasty (BT) treatment for patients with severe asthma is incompletely understood. This study investigated the 2.5-year impact of BT on airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and clinical parameters by paired data ... ...

    Abstract The mechanism of action of bronchial thermoplasty (BT) treatment for patients with severe asthma is incompletely understood. This study investigated the 2.5-year impact of BT on airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and clinical parameters by paired data analysis in 22 patients. Our findings demonstrate the persistence of ASM mass reduction of >50% after 2.5 years. Furthermore, sustained improvement in asthma control, quality of life and exacerbation rates was found, which is in line with previous reports. An association was found between the remaining ASM and both the exacerbation rate (r=0.61, p=0.04 for desmin, r=0.85, p<0.01 for alpha smooth muscle actin (SMA)) and post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s predicted percentage (r=-0.69, p=0.03 for desmin, r=-0.58, p=0.08 for alpha SMA). This study provides new insight into the long-term impact of BT.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Bronchial Thermoplasty ; Bronchi/surgery ; Quality of Life ; Desmin/therapeutic use ; Asthma/drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Muscle, Smooth
    Chemische Substanzen Desmin
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-03-15
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 204353-1
    ISSN 1468-3296 ; 0040-6376
    ISSN (online) 1468-3296
    ISSN 0040-6376
    DOI 10.1136/thorax-2023-220967
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  5. Artikel ; Online: Effects of land cover and air pollution on the risk of preterm births.

    Moreira, Tiana C L / Polizel, Jefferson L / Réquia, Weeberb J / Saldiva, Paulo Hilario Nascimento / Silva Filho, Demostenes F da / Saldiva, Silvia Regina Dias Medici / Mauad, Thais

    Revista de saude publica

    2024  Band 58, Seite(n) 8

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the association between gestational age and green areas, urban built areas, and the concentration of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in the city of São Paulo, analyzing the irregular distribution of these areas and pollution levels ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the association between gestational age and green areas, urban built areas, and the concentration of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in the city of São Paulo, analyzing the irregular distribution of these areas and pollution levels above the recommended level.
    Methods: The study population consisted of a cohort of live births from 2012, and data from the Live Birth Information System (Sinasc) of the city of São Paulo were used. Using satellite images and supervised classification, the distribution and quantity of green areas and built areas in the city of São Paulo was obtained, as well as the concentrations of PM2.5. Logistic regressions were used to obtain possible associations.
    Results: The results of the study show that a lower percentage of green areas is significantly associated with a higher chance of preterm births. A higher building density was positively associated with the odds ratio for preterm birth. We did not find any significant associations between air pollution (PM2.5) and preterm births.
    Conclusions: The results of this study show that greener areas are less associated with preterm births when compared with less green areas.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Female ; Premature Birth ; Brazil ; Air Pollution ; Gestational Age ; Particulate Matter
    Chemische Substanzen Particulate Matter
    Sprache Portugiesisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-03-11
    Erscheinungsland Brazil
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 732179-x
    ISSN 1518-8787 ; 0034-8910
    ISSN (online) 1518-8787
    ISSN 0034-8910
    DOI 10.11606/s1518-8787.2024058005504
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  6. Artikel: Large-scale production of non-conventional edible plants for biodiverse school meals.

    Ranieri, Guilherme Reis / Madeira, Nuno Rodrigo / Slater, Betzabeth / de Toledo Marchesi, Mariana / Delgado de Oliveira, Maria Angela / Badue, Ana Flávia Borges / Mauad, Thais

    Frontiers in nutrition

    2024  Band 11, Seite(n) 1282618

    Abstract: Introduction: School feeding programs are important for ensuring food security and promoting child health and development, particularly in low-income countries. In view of this importance, it is possible to increase the quality of these meals by ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: School feeding programs are important for ensuring food security and promoting child health and development, particularly in low-income countries. In view of this importance, it is possible to increase the quality of these meals by diversifying the vegetables offered and incorporating underutilized plants to improve dietary diversity and nutritional quality into school meals.
    Methods: This study was carried out using the action research methodology following the implementation and development of the "Inova na Horta" project in the city of Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brazil. The project was based on the existing and functioning physical and organizational structure of a municipal organic farm. Vegetables were selected from among 210 non-conventional species and varieties, which were further selected for continuous production based on 8 nutritional, culinary and cultivation criteria.
    Results: Thirty-four vegetables were selected for continuous cultivation and provisions to the school kitchens. Nine tons of vegetables were produced and provided to 90 municipal schools from 2020-2023. Leafy vegetables accounted for most the production, with a total weight of 6441 kg corresponding to 71.6% of the total harvest. Kitchen teams were trained throughout the project duration.
    Discussion: The feasibility of the production and culinary use of 34 biodiverse, nutrient-rich and underutilized food vegetables for school meals was demonstrated. The selected vegetables are nutrient-rich and contain higher amounts of minerals and proteins than the control vegetables (conventional vegetables), thus complementing several nutrients in school meals. This methodology can be replicated by municipalities of various sizes as a public policy of food and nutritional security associated with the valorization of local biodiversity.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-04-30
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2776676-7
    ISSN 2296-861X
    ISSN 2296-861X
    DOI 10.3389/fnut.2024.1282618
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  7. Artikel ; Online: A single-centre, retrospective study of the incidence of invasive fungal infections during 85 years of autopsy service in Brazil.

    Dantas, Kátia Cristina / Mauad, Thais / de André, Carmen D Saldiva / Bierrenbach, Ana Luiza / Saldiva, Paulo Hilário Nascimento

    Scientific reports

    2021  Band 11, Heft 1, Seite(n) 3943

    Abstract: Autopsy continues to play an essential role in monitoring opportunistic fungal infections. However, few studies have analysed the historical trends of fungal infections in autopsies. Here, we analyse available data on fungal infections obtained from ... ...

    Abstract Autopsy continues to play an essential role in monitoring opportunistic fungal infections. However, few studies have analysed the historical trends of fungal infections in autopsies. Here, we analyse available data on fungal infections obtained from autopsy reports during 85 years of autopsies performed by the largest autopsy service in Brazil. All invasive fungal infections presented in autopsy reports between 1930 and 2015 were included. Of the 158,404 autopsy reports analysed, 1096 involved invasive fungal infections. In general, paracoccidioidomycosis (24%) was the most frequent infection, followed by candidiasis (18%), pneumocystosis (11.7%), cryptococcosis (11%), aspergillosis (11%) and histoplasmosis (3.8%). Paracoccidioidomycosis decreased after the 1950s, whereas opportunistic fungal infections increased steadily after the 1980s during the peak of the AIDS pandemic. The lung was the most frequently affected organ (73%). Disseminated infection was present in 64.5% of cases. In 26% of the 513 cases for which clinical charts were available for review, the diagnosis of opportunistic fungal infections was performed only at autopsy. Our unique 85-year history of autopsies showed a transition from endemic to opportunistic fungal infections in São Paulo, Brazil, reflecting increased urbanization, the appearance of novel diseases, such as AIDS in the 1980s, and advances in medical care over time.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Autopsy/trends ; Brazil/epidemiology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Incidence ; Invasive Fungal Infections/epidemiology ; Invasive Fungal Infections/history ; Mycoses/epidemiology ; Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology ; Opportunistic Infections/microbiology ; Retrospective Studies
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-02-17
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-83587-1
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  8. Artikel: Building knowledge in urban agriculture: the challenges of local food production in São Paulo and Melbourne

    Amato-Lourenço, Luís Fernando / Buralli, Rafael Junqueira / Ranieri, Guilherme Reis / Hearn, Adrian H / Williams, Chris / Mauad, Thais

    Environment, development and sustainability. 2021 Feb., v. 23, no. 2

    2021  

    Abstract: Urban environments face multiple burdens and significant challenges related to food safety and sustainable agriculture. Urban agriculture remains fragmented and incipient in many cities worldwide. In their efforts to ensure sustainable urban food systems ...

    Abstract Urban environments face multiple burdens and significant challenges related to food safety and sustainable agriculture. Urban agriculture remains fragmented and incipient in many cities worldwide. In their efforts to ensure sustainable urban food systems and provide public access to affordable and quality food, city governments must identify and pursue emerging opportunities. This study analyzed how São Paulo and Melbourne are working to overcome the related challenges.
    Schlagwörter environment ; food production ; food safety ; sustainable agriculture ; urban agriculture ; Brazil
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2021-02
    Umfang p. 2785-2796.
    Erscheinungsort Springer Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1438730-x
    ISSN 1387-585X
    ISSN 1387-585X
    DOI 10.1007/s10668-020-00636-x
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  9. Artikel ; Online: Heterogeneity of Airway Smooth Muscle Remodeling in Asthma.

    James, Alan L / Donovan, Graham M / Green, Francis H Y / Mauad, Thais / Abramson, Michael J / Cairncross, Alvenia / Noble, Peter B / Elliot, John G

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2022  Band 207, Heft 4, Seite(n) 452–460

    Abstract: Rationale: ...

    Abstract Rationale:
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Asthma ; Bronchi/metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth ; Thorax/metabolism ; Airway Remodeling
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-11-19
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.202111-2634OC
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  10. Artikel ; Online: Atmospheric microplastic fallout in outdoor and indoor environments in São Paulo megacity.

    Amato-Lourenço, Luís Fernando / Dos Santos Galvão, Luciana / Wiebeck, Hélio / Carvalho-Oliveira, Regiani / Mauad, Thais

    The Science of the total environment

    2022  Band 821, Seite(n) 153450

    Abstract: Plastics are widely used by society, and their degradation into millimetre fragments, called microplastics (MPs), has become a global environmental threat to ecosystems and human health. However, airborne MPs' presence and fallout fluxes from the ... ...

    Abstract Plastics are widely used by society, and their degradation into millimetre fragments, called microplastics (MPs), has become a global environmental threat to ecosystems and human health. However, airborne MPs' presence and fallout fluxes from the atmosphere are poorly understood and can vary significantly by different conditions, especially in megacities of low- and middle-income countries, where high levels of vehicular air pollution, a high-density population, high plastic use, and inadequate disposal are environmental threats related to airborne MPs. In this study, we investigate the amount, chemical composition, and morphological characteristics of outdoor and indoor airborne MPs fallout in the megacity of São Paulo and assess the influence of weather and seasons on airborne MPs fallout. The results were as follows: MPs were found in all samples with an average fallout rate of 309.40 ± 214.71 MPs/m
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Brazil ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Humans ; Microplastics ; Plastics
    Chemische Substanzen Microplastics ; Plastics
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-01-29
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153450
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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