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  1. Artikel ; Online: Wastewater from healthcare centers in Burkina Faso is a source of ESBL, AmpC-β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

    Garba, Zakaria / Bonkoungou, Isidore O J / Millogo, Nadège O / Natama, H Magloire / Vokouma, Pingdwendé A P / Bonko, Massa Dit A / Karama, Ibrahima / Tiendrebeogo, Lagmêyesgo A W / Haukka, Kaisa / Tinto, Halidou / Sangaré, Lassana / Barro, Nicolas

    BMC microbiology

    2023  Band 23, Heft 1, Seite(n) 351

    Abstract: Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), plasmid-mediated AmpC-β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae have spread into the environment worldwide posing a potential public health threat. However, the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), plasmid-mediated AmpC-β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae have spread into the environment worldwide posing a potential public health threat. However, the prevalence data for low- and middle-income countries are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of ESBL, AmpC-β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing and multidrug-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae in wastewaters from healthcare centers in Burkina Faso.
    Results: Eighty-four (84) wastewater samples were collected from five healthcare centers and plated on selective ESBL ChromAgar. E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were identified using API20E. ESBL-producing bacteria were detected in 97.6% of the samples and their average concentration per hospital ranged from 1.10 × 10
    Conclusions: This study showed that wastewater from healthcare centers constitutes a reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Burkina Faso, including carbapenemase producers. Untreated healthcare wastewater entering the environment exposes people and animals to infections caused by these multi-resistant bacteria, which are difficult to treat, especially in the resource-poor settings.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Animals ; Escherichia coli ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Wastewater ; Burkina Faso ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; beta-Lactamases ; Bacterial Proteins ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology ; Bacteria ; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
    Chemische Substanzen carbapenemase (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Wastewater ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Bacterial Proteins ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-11-17
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041505-9
    ISSN 1471-2180 ; 1471-2180
    ISSN (online) 1471-2180
    ISSN 1471-2180
    DOI 10.1186/s12866-023-03108-0
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: The public health impact and cost-effectiveness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine: a mathematical modelling study.

    Schmit, Nora / Topazian, Hillary M / Natama, H Magloire / Bellamy, Duncan / Traoré, Ousmane / Somé, M Athanase / Rouamba, Toussaint / Tahita, Marc Christian / Bonko, Massa Dit Achille / Sourabié, Aboubakary / Sorgho, Hermann / Stockdale, Lisa / Provstgaard-Morys, Samuel / Aboagye, Jeremy / Woods, Danielle / Rapi, Katerina / Datoo, Mehreen S / Lopez, Fernando Ramos / Charles, Giovanni D /
    McCain, Kelly / Ouedraogo, Jean-Bosco / Hamaluba, Mainga / Olotu, Ally / Dicko, Alassane / Tinto, Halidou / Hill, Adrian V S / Ewer, Katie J / Ghani, Azra C / Winskill, Peter

    The Lancet. Infectious diseases

    2024  Band 24, Heft 5, Seite(n) 465–475

    Abstract: Background: The R21/Matrix-M vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum clinical malaria in children in sub-Saharan Africa. Using trial data, we aimed to estimate the public health impact and cost-effectiveness of vaccine ... ...

    Abstract Background: The R21/Matrix-M vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum clinical malaria in children in sub-Saharan Africa. Using trial data, we aimed to estimate the public health impact and cost-effectiveness of vaccine introduction across sub-Saharan Africa.
    Methods: We fitted a semi-mechanistic model of the relationship between anti-circumsporozoite protein antibody titres and vaccine efficacy to data from 3 years of follow-up in the phase 2b trial of R21/Matrix-M in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. We validated the model by comparing predicted vaccine efficacy to that observed over 12-18 months in the phase 3 trial. Integrating this framework within a mathematical transmission model, we estimated the cases, malaria deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted and cost-effectiveness over a 15-year time horizon across a range of transmission settings in sub-Saharan Africa. Cost-effectiveness was estimated incorporating the cost of vaccine introduction (dose, consumables, and delivery) relative to existing interventions at baseline. We report estimates at a median of 20% parasite prevalence in children aged 2-10 years (PfPR
    Findings: Anti-circumsporozoite protein antibody titres were found to satisfy the criteria for a surrogate of protection for vaccine efficacy against clinical malaria. Age-based implementation of a four-dose regimen of R21/Matrix-M vaccine was estimated to avert 181 825 (range 38 815-333 491) clinical cases per 100 000 fully vaccinated children in perennial settings and 202 017 (29 868-405 702) clinical cases per 100 000 fully vaccinated children in seasonal settings. Similar estimates were obtained for seasonal or hybrid implementation. Under an assumed vaccine dose price of US$3, the incremental cost per clinical case averted was $7 (range 4-48) in perennial settings and $6 (3-63) in seasonal settings and the incremental cost per DALY averted was $34 (29-139) in perennial settings and $30 (22-172) in seasonal settings, with lower cost-effectiveness ratios in settings with higher PfPR
    Interpretation: Introduction of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine could have a substantial public health benefit across sub-Saharan Africa.
    Funding: The Wellcome Trust, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the UK Medical Research Council, the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership 2 and 3, the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, and the Serum Institute of India, Open Philanthropy.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Malaria Vaccines/economics ; Malaria Vaccines/immunology ; Malaria Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Malaria, Falciparum/prevention & control ; Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology ; Malaria, Falciparum/economics ; Burkina Faso/epidemiology ; Models, Theoretical ; Child, Preschool ; Public Health/economics ; Plasmodium falciparum/immunology ; Child ; Protozoan Proteins/immunology ; Antibodies, Protozoan/blood ; Vaccine Efficacy ; Infant ; Male ; Female
    Chemische Substanzen Malaria Vaccines ; Protozoan Proteins ; Antibodies, Protozoan ; circumsporozoite protein, Protozoan
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-08
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2061641-7
    ISSN 1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
    ISSN (online) 1474-4457
    ISSN 1473-3099
    DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00816-2
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Plasmodium falciparum sexual conversion rates can be affected by artemisinin-based treatment in naturally infected malaria patients.

    Portugaliza, Harvie P / Natama, H Magloire / Guetens, Pieter / Rovira-Vallbona, Eduard / Somé, Athanase M / Millogo, Aida / Ouédraogo, D Florence / Valéa, Innocent / Sorgho, Hermann / Tinto, Halidou / van Hong, Nguyen / Sitoe, Antonio / Varo, Rosauro / Bassat, Quique / Cortés, Alfred / Rosanas-Urgell, Anna

    EBioMedicine

    2022  Band 83, Seite(n) 104198

    Abstract: Background: Artemisinins (ART) are the key component of the frontline antimalarial treatment, but their impact on Plasmodium falciparum sexual conversion rates in natural malaria infections remains unknown. This is an important knowledge gap because ... ...

    Abstract Background: Artemisinins (ART) are the key component of the frontline antimalarial treatment, but their impact on Plasmodium falciparum sexual conversion rates in natural malaria infections remains unknown. This is an important knowledge gap because sexual conversion rates determine the relative parasite investment between maintaining infection in the same human host and transmission to mosquitoes.
    Methods: The primary outcome of this study was to assess the impact of ART-based treatment on sexual conversion rates by comparing the relative transcript levels of pfap2-g and other sexual ring biomarkers (SRBs) before and after treatment. We analysed samples from previously existing cohorts in Vietnam, Burkina Faso and Mozambique (in total, n=109) collected before treatment and at 12 h intervals after treatment. As a secondary objective, we investigated factors that may influence the effect of treatment on sexual conversion rates.
    Findings: In the majority of infections from the African cohorts, but not from Vietnam, we observed increased expression of pfap2-g and other SRBs after treatment. Estimated parasite age at the time of treatment was negatively correlated with the increase in pfap2-g transcript levels, suggesting that younger parasites are less susceptible to stimulation of sexual conversion.
    Interpretation: We observed enhanced expression of SRBs after ART-based treatment in many patients, which suggests that in natural malaria infections sexual conversion rates can be altered by treatment. ART-based treatment reduces the potential of a treated individual to transmit the disease, but we hypothesise that under some circumstances this reduction may be attenuated by ART-enhanced sexual conversion.
    Funding: Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, European Union), Belgium Development Cooperation (DGD), Canadian University Health Network (UHN), TransGlobalHealth-Erasmus Mundus (European Union).
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Antimalarials/therapeutic use ; Artemisinins/pharmacology ; Artemisinins/therapeutic use ; Canada ; Humans ; Malaria/parasitology ; Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy ; Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology ; Plasmodium falciparum
    Chemische Substanzen Antimalarials ; Artemisinins ; artemisinin (9RMU91N5K2)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-08-09
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2851331-9
    ISSN 2352-3964
    ISSN (online) 2352-3964
    DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104198
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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