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  1. Artikel ; Online: Temporal resource partitioning mediates vertebrate coexistence at carcasses

    Pedro P. Olea / Noemi Iglesias / Patricia Mateo-Tomás

    Basic and Applied Ecology, Vol 60, Iss , Pp 63-

    The role of competitive and facilitative interactions

    2022  Band 75

    Abstract: Unravelling how biodiversity is maintained despite species competition for shared resources has been a central question in community ecology, and is gaining relevance amidst the current biodiversity crisis. Yet, we have still a poor understanding of the ... ...

    Abstract Unravelling how biodiversity is maintained despite species competition for shared resources has been a central question in community ecology, and is gaining relevance amidst the current biodiversity crisis. Yet, we have still a poor understanding of the mechanisms that regulate species coexistence and shape the structure of assemblages in highly competitive environments such as carrion pulsed resources. Here, we study how large vertebrates coexist in scavenger assemblages by adapting their diel activity at large ungulate carcasses in NW Spain. We used camera traps to record vertebrate scavengers consuming 34 carcasses of livestock and hunted wild ungulates, which allowed us to assess also differences regarding carcass origin. To evaluate temporal resource partition among species, we estimated the overlap of diel activity patterns and the mean times of each scavenger at carcasses. We recorded 16 species of scavengers, 7 mammals and 9 birds, and found similar richness at both types of carcasses. Birds and mammals showed contrasting diel activity patterns, with birds using carcasses during daytime (mean= 11:38 h) and mammals mostly at night (23:09 h). The unimodal activity patterns of scavengers showed asynchronous peaks among species. Subordinate species modified their activity patterns at carcasses used by apex species to reduce temporal overlap. Also, diel activity patterns of vultures closely followed those of corvids, suggesting facilitation processes in which corvids would enhance carcass detection by vultures. Two mammal species (12.5%) increased nocturnality at carcasses of hunted ungulates, which could be a response to human disturbance. Our results suggest that both temporal segregation and coupling mediate the coexistence of large vertebrates at carcasses. These mechanisms might lead to richer scavenger assemblages and thereby more efficient ones in driving critical ecosystem functions related to carrion consumption, such as energy and nutrient recycling and biodiversity maintenance.
    Schlagwörter Carrion ; Circadian activity ; Coexistence ; Diel activity ; Facilitation ; Interference competition ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 590
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Elsevier
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Investigating the Role of Micromammals in the Ecology of Coxiella burnetii in Spain

    David González-Barrio / Isabel Jado / Javier Viñuela / Jesús T. García / Pedro P. Olea / Fernando Arce / Francisco Ruiz-Fons

    Animals, Vol 11, Iss 3, p

    2021  Band 654

    Abstract: Coxiella burnetii , the causal agent of human Q fever and animal Coxiellosis, is a zoonotic infectious bacterium with a complex ecology that results from its ability to replicate in multiple (in)vertebrate host species. Spain notifies the highest number ... ...

    Abstract Coxiella burnetii , the causal agent of human Q fever and animal Coxiellosis, is a zoonotic infectious bacterium with a complex ecology that results from its ability to replicate in multiple (in)vertebrate host species. Spain notifies the highest number of Q fever cases to the ECDC annually and wildlife plays a relevant role in C. burnetii ecology in the country. However, the whole picture of C. burnetii hosts is incomplete, so this study seeks to better understand the role of micromammals in C. burnetii ecology in the country. Spleen samples from 816 micromammals of 10 species and 130 vaginal swabs from Microtus arvalis were analysed by qPCR to detect C. burnetii infection and shedding, respectively. The 9.7% of the spleen samples were qPCR positive. The highest infection prevalence (10.8%) was found in Microtus arvalis , in which C. burnetii DNA was also detected in 1 of the 130 vaginal swabs (0.8%) analysed. Positive samples were also found in Apodemus sylvaticus (8.7%), Crocidura russula (7.7%) and Rattus rattus (6.4%). Positive samples were genotyped by coupling PCR with reverse line blotting and a genotype II+ strain was identified for the first time in one of the positive samples from M. arvalis , whereas only partial results could be obtained for the rest of the samples. Acute Q fever was diagnosed in one of the researchers that participated in the study, and it was presumably linked to M. arvalis handling. The results of the study are consistent with previous findings suggesting that micromammals can be infected by C. burnetii . Our findings additionally suggest that micromammals may be potential sources to trace back the origin of human Q fever and animal Coxiellosis cases in Europe.
    Schlagwörter micromammals ; Coxiella burnetii ; Q fever ; zoonosis ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel: Habitat characteristics from local to landscape scales combine to shape vertebrate scavenging communities

    Pardo-Barquín, Elena / Patricia Mateo-Tomás / Pedro P. Olea

    Gesellschaft für Ökologie Basic and applied ecology. 2019 Feb., v. 34

    2019  

    Abstract: Abiotic and biotic factors modulate carcass consumption by scavengers, affecting ecosystem functioning. Habitat structure is arguably a key factor influencing scavenging, but its role remains poorly understood, particularly at small spatial scales. We ... ...

    Abstract Abiotic and biotic factors modulate carcass consumption by scavengers, affecting ecosystem functioning. Habitat structure is arguably a key factor influencing scavenging, but its role remains poorly understood, particularly at small spatial scales. We examine how habitat characteristics at landscape (50–1000m radius) and local (≤10m radius) scales around carrion affect the structure of vertebrate scavenging communities. We used remote cameras to monitor the consumption of 151 ungulate carcasses in one temperate (55 carcasses) and two Mediterranean (56 and 40 carcasses) study areas in Spain in 2011–2013. Our results showed complex habitat–scavenger relationships that mainly relied upon the spatial scale, the type of carcass and the study area. While the response of scavenger richness to habitat characteristics was consistent across study areas, the effects of diversity varied regionally at the landscape scale. Large and medium-sized carcasses in open landscapes had lower scavenger richness, likely because open habitats promote vulture dominance. At the local scale, shrub cover lowered scavenger richness and diversity, hindering carrion location by avian scavengers. Our results suggest that the structure of vertebrate scavenging assemblages at carcasses is driven by carcass and habitat characteristics operating as ecological filters at different scales (i.e. local, landscape, and biogeographical), which affect a species’ ability to locate, access and dominate carrion. Understanding the factors underlying the complex habitat–community relationships shown here has implications for managing key ecosystem functions and services. We propose a multi-scale conceptual framework to disentangle scavenger–carcass relationships.
    Schlagwörter biogeography ; biotic factors ; cameras ; dead animals ; ecological function ; environmental factors ; habitats ; landscapes ; shrubs ; ungulates ; vultures ; Spain
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2019-02
    Umfang p. 126-139.
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier GmbH
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2026806-3
    ISSN 1439-1791
    ISSN 1439-1791
    DOI 10.1016/j.baae.2018.08.005
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Artikel: Species and individual replacements contribute more than nestedness to shape vertebrate scavenger metacommunities

    Mateo‐Tomás, Patricia / José A. Sánchez‐Zapata / Nuria Selva / Pedro P. Olea

    Ecography. 2019 Feb., v. 42, no. 2

    2019  

    Abstract: Understanding the mechanisms that organize biodiversity is central in ecology and conservation. Beta diversity links local (alfa) and regional (gamma) diversity, giving insight into how communities organize spatially. Metacommunity ecology provides the ... ...

    Abstract Understanding the mechanisms that organize biodiversity is central in ecology and conservation. Beta diversity links local (alfa) and regional (gamma) diversity, giving insight into how communities organize spatially. Metacommunity ecology provides the framework to interpret regional and local processes interacting to shape communities. However, the lack of metacommunity studies for large vertebrates may limit the understanding and compromise the preservation of ecosystem functions and services. We aim to understand the mechanisms underlying differences in species composition among vertebrate scavenger communities ‒ which provide key ecosystem functions, e.g. carrion consumption ‒ within a metacommunity context. We obtained species richness and abundances at scavenger communities consuming ungulate carcasses monitored through motion‐triggered remote cameras in seven terrestrial ecosystems in Spain. We partitioned beta diversity to decompose incidence‐based (species presence/absence) and abundance‐based dissimilarities into their components (turnover/balanced variation and nestedness/abundance gradient, respectively). We identified the environmental factors explaining the observed patterns. The vertebrate scavenger metacommunity consisted of 3101 individuals from 30 species. Changes in composition among ecosystems were mostly (> 84%) due to species or individual replacement (i.e. turnover or balanced variation). Species or individual loss/gain (i.e. nestedness or abundance gradient) accounted for 13–16% of these changes. Mean carcass weight, elevation and habitat diversity were the main factors explaining species/individual replacement. Our findings suggest that local processes such as species‐sorting through habitat heterogeneity would dominate scavenger metacommunity dynamics together with stochastic forces (i.e. related to carrion unpredictability and scavenging being a widespread strategy among vertebrates). The presence of structured patterns (i.e. nestedness) in beta diversity could reflect a role of deterministic processes: mass‐effects through dispersal and defaunation. Vultures are long‐distance foragers and functionally dominant species, which would connect local assemblages within the metacommunity, supporting scavenger diversity and functions across space. These results highlight the importance of managing vertebrate scavenger assemblages within a metacommunity context.
    Schlagwörter cameras ; carcass weight ; dead animals ; dominant species ; ecological function ; environmental factors ; habitats ; nestedness ; terrestrial ecosystems ; ungulates ; vultures ; Spain
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2019-02
    Umfang p. 365-375.
    Erscheinungsort Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1112659-0
    ISSN 0906-7590
    ISSN 0906-7590
    DOI 10.1111/ecog.03854
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Lack of detectable genetic isolation in the cyclic rodent Microtus arvalis despite large landscape fragmentation owing to transportation infrastructures

    Julio C. Dominguez / María Calero-Riestra / Pedro P. Olea / Juan E. Malo / Christopher P. Burridge / Kirstin Proft / Sonia Illanas / Javier Viñuela / Jesús T. García

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Band 14

    Abstract: Abstract Although roads are widely seen as dispersal barriers, their genetic consequences for animals that experience large fluctuations in population density are poorly documented. We developed a spatially paired experimental design to assess the ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Although roads are widely seen as dispersal barriers, their genetic consequences for animals that experience large fluctuations in population density are poorly documented. We developed a spatially paired experimental design to assess the genetic impacts of roads on cyclic voles (Microtus arvalis) during a high-density phase in North-Western Spain. We compared genetic patterns from 15 paired plots bisected by three different barrier types, using linear mixed models and computing effect sizes to assess the importance of each type, and the influence of road features like width or the age of the infrastructure. Evidence of effects by roads on genetic diversity and differentiation were lacking. We speculate that the recurrent (each 3–5 generations) episodes of massive dispersal associated with population density peaks can homogenize populations and mitigate the possible genetic impact of landscape fragmentation by roads. This study highlights the importance of developing spatially replicated experimental designs that allow us to consider the large natural spatial variation in genetic parameters. More generally, these results contribute to our understanding of the not well explored effects of habitat fragmentation on dispersal in species showing “boom-bust” dynamics.
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 590
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Nature Portfolio
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Assessing species habitat using Google Street View

    Pedro P Olea / Patricia Mateo-Tomás

    PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e

    a case study of cliff-nesting vultures.

    2013  Band 54582

    Abstract: The assessment of a species' habitat is a crucial issue in ecology and conservation. While the collection of habitat data has been boosted by the availability of remote sensing technologies, certain habitat types have yet to be collected through costly, ... ...

    Abstract The assessment of a species' habitat is a crucial issue in ecology and conservation. While the collection of habitat data has been boosted by the availability of remote sensing technologies, certain habitat types have yet to be collected through costly, on-ground surveys, limiting study over large areas. Cliffs are ecosystems that provide habitat for a rich biodiversity, especially raptors. Because of their principally vertical structure, however, cliffs are not easy to study by remote sensing technologies, posing a challenge for many researches and managers working with cliff-related biodiversity. We explore the feasibility of Google Street View, a freely available on-line tool, to remotely identify and assess the nesting habitat of two cliff-nesting vultures (the griffon vulture and the globally endangered Egyptian vulture) in northwestern Spain. Two main usefulness of Google Street View to ecologists and conservation biologists were evaluated: i) remotely identifying a species' potential habitat and ii) extracting fine-scale habitat information. Google Street View imagery covered 49% (1,907 km) of the roads of our study area (7,000 km²). The potential visibility covered by on-ground surveys was significantly greater (mean: 97.4%) than that of Google Street View (48.1%). However, incorporating Google Street View to the vulture's habitat survey would save, on average, 36% in time and 49.5% in funds with respect to the on-ground survey only. The ability of Google Street View to identify cliffs (overall accuracy = 100%) outperformed the classification maps derived from digital elevation models (DEMs) (62-95%). Nonetheless, high-performance DEM maps may be useful to compensate Google Street View coverage limitations. Through Google Street View we could examine 66% of the vultures' nesting-cliffs existing in the study area (n = 148): 64% from griffon vultures and 65% from Egyptian vultures. It also allowed us the extraction of fine-scale features of cliffs. This World Wide Web-based methodology may be a useful, ...
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 333
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  7. Artikel: Different criteria for implementing sanitary regulations lead to disparate outcomes for scavenger conservation

    Mateo‐Tomás, Patricia / Pedro P. Olea / José Vicente López‐Bao / Pablo González‐Quirós / Paloma Peón

    Journal of applied ecology. 2019 Mar., v. 56, no. 3

    2019  

    Abstract: Integrating environmental concerns into sectoral policies is a priority for sustainable development. Despite environmental policy integration being established in Europe in 1998, major weaknesses still limit its effectiveness, such as poor coordination ... ...

    Abstract Integrating environmental concerns into sectoral policies is a priority for sustainable development. Despite environmental policy integration being established in Europe in 1998, major weaknesses still limit its effectiveness, such as poor coordination at national and subnational levels. We use the integration of scavenger conservation into sanitary European regulations to illustrate how the adoption of different criteria when implementing the same legislation affects the effectiveness of the environmental policy integration process. We focus on the implementation across Spanish autonomous regions of Regulation EU 142/2011 allowing dead livestock to be left in situ for feeding scavengers. Using Asturias (NW Spain) as a case study, we provide spatially explicit estimates of two key factors guiding the implementation of the legislation, the estimates of scavenger feeding requirements, and the area designated as scavenger feeding zones, based on different criteria used across Spanish regions. We detected a remarkable variation in both scavenger feeding requirements (up to 452%; ranging from 108 to 596 t/year) and scavenger feeding zones (up to 72% in size) depending on the implementation criteria used. The concentration of scavenger feeding requirements per km² within scavenger feeding zones (i.e., carrion demand) varied up to 167%. Similarly, the concentration of carrion supply from livestock within scavenger feeding zones (i.e., carrion availability) changed up to 33%. Policy implications. Our results support the need for systematic evaluations to choose the best criteria for implementing sanitary regulations concerning scavenger conservation. Interregional coordination in implementing the agreed criteria emerges as a relevant issue to improve the effectiveness of environmental policy integration for transboundary conservation of European scavengers.
    Schlagwörter European Union ; case studies ; dead animals ; environmental policy ; laws and regulations ; livestock ; sustainable development ; Spain
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2019-03
    Umfang p. 500-508.
    Erscheinungsort John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 410405-5
    ISSN 1365-2664 ; 0021-8901
    ISSN (online) 1365-2664
    ISSN 0021-8901
    DOI 10.1111/1365-2664.13293
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Situación de la cabaña ganadera de ovino y caprino en el Parque Regional de Picos de Europa, León

    Patricia Mateo-Tomás / Pedro P. Olea

    Ager : Revista de Estudios Sobre Despoblación y Desarrollo Rural, Iss 9, Pp 87-

    2010  Band 106

    Abstract: El declive de las prácticas ganaderas tradicionales en el medio rural se acentúa en áreas marginales como las zonas de montaña y especialmente en el sector ovino y caprino. La importancia de la ganadería extensiva en la conservación de los ecosistemas de ...

    Abstract El declive de las prácticas ganaderas tradicionales en el medio rural se acentúa en áreas marginales como las zonas de montaña y especialmente en el sector ovino y caprino. La importancia de la ganadería extensiva en la conservación de los ecosistemas de montaña hace necesario considerar su situación, particularmente en espacios protegidos. En este trabajo analizamos la situación del sector ovino y caprino en el Parque Regional de Picos de Europa, un área montañosa del nordeste de León, España. Se detectaron problemas característicos del sector a nivel nacional como el bajo rendimiento de las explotaciones, la elevada edad de los propietarios o la falta de apoyo institucional. Problemas más locales fueron el pequeño tamaño de las explotaciones, la falta de una adecuada gestión de pastos e infraestructuras o la escasa profesionalización del sector. Entre otras medidas, el apoyo de la administración en la promoción de productos de elaboración artesanal en espacios protegidos o en la creación de cooperativas es fundamental para la supervivencia del sector. El desarrollo de líneas de apoyo institucional a la ganadería extensiva tradicional debería considerar no solo el rendimiento agropecuario de las explotaciones sino también el beneficio ambiental que esta actividad proporciona, máxime cuando se trata de espacios protegidos.
    Schlagwörter Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform ; HN1-995 ; Social Sciences ; H
    Sprache Spanisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Universidad de Zaragoza
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Anticipating knowledge to inform species management

    Patricia Mateo-Tomás / Pedro P Olea

    PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 8, p e

    predicting spatially explicit habitat suitability of a colonial vulture spreading its range.

    2010  Band 12374

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: The knowledge of both potential distribution and habitat suitability is fundamental in spreading species to inform in advance management and conservation planning. After a severe decline in the past decades, the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: The knowledge of both potential distribution and habitat suitability is fundamental in spreading species to inform in advance management and conservation planning. After a severe decline in the past decades, the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) is now spreading its breeding range towards the northwest in Spain and Europe. Because of its key ecological function, anticipated spatial knowledge is required to inform appropriately both vulture and ecosystem management. METHODOLOGY/FINDINGS: Here we used maximum entropy (Maxent) models to determine the habitat suitability of potential and current breeding distribution of the griffon vulture using presence-only data (N = 124 colonies) in north-western Spain. The most relevant ecological factors shaping this habitat suitability were also identified. The resulting model had a high predictive performance and was able to predict species' historical distribution. 7.5% (approximately 1,850 km(2)) of the study area resulted to be suitable breeding habitat, most of which (approximately 70%) is already occupied by the species. Cliff availability and livestock density, especially of sheep and goats, around 10 km of the colonies were the fundamental factors determining breeding habitat suitability for this species. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Griffon vultures could still spread 50-60 km towards the west, increasing their breeding range in 1,782 km(2). According to our results, 7.22% of the area suitable for griffon vulture will be affected by wind farms, so our results could help to better plan wind farm locations. The approach here developed could be useful to inform management of reintroductions and recovery programmes currently being implemented for both the griffon vulture and other threatened vulture species.
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 590
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
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  10. Artikel: Livestock-driven land use change to model species distributions: Egyptian vulture as a case study

    Mateo-Tomás, Patricia / Pedro P. Olea

    Ecological indicators. 2015 Oct., v. 57

    2015  

    Abstract: Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly used to predict species ranges and their shifts under future scenarios of global environmental change (GEC). SDMs are thus incorporating key drivers of GEC (e.g. climate, land use) to improve ... ...

    Abstract Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly used to predict species ranges and their shifts under future scenarios of global environmental change (GEC). SDMs are thus incorporating key drivers of GEC (e.g. climate, land use) to improve predictions of species’ habitat suitability (i.e. as an indicator of species occurrence). Yet, most SDMs incorporating land use only consider dominant land cover types, largely ignoring other key aspects of land use such as land management intensity and livestock. We developed SDMs including main land use components (i.e. land cover, livestock and its management intensity) to assess their relative importance in shaping habitat suitability for the Egyptian vulture, an endangered raptor linked to livestock presence. We modelled current and future (2020 and 2050) habitat suitability for this vulture using an organism-centred approach. This allowed us to account for basic species’ habitat needs (i.e. nesting cliff) while gaining insight into our variables of interest (i.e. livestock and land cover). Once nest-site requirements were fulfilled, land use variables (i.e. openland and sheep and goat density) were the main factors determining species’ habitat suitability. Current suitable area could decrease by up to 6.81% by 2050 under scenarios with rapid economic growth but no focus on environmental conservation and rural development. Local solutions to environmental sustainability and rural development could double current habitat suitability by 2050. Land use is expected to play a key role in determining Egyptian vulture's distribution through land cover change but also through changes in livestock management (i.e. species and stocking density). Change in stocking densities (sheep and goats/km2) becomes thus an indicator of habitat suitability for this vulture in our study area. Abandonment of agro-pastoral practises (i.e. below ∼15–20 sheep and goats/km2) will negatively influence the species distribution. Nonetheless, livestock densities above these values will not further increase habitat suitability. Given the widespread impacts of livestock on ecosystems, the role of livestock and its management intensity in SDMs for other (non-livestock-related) species should be further explored.
    Schlagwörter biogeography ; birds of prey ; case studies ; climate ; ecosystems ; environmental sustainability ; global change ; goats ; habitats ; indicator species ; land cover ; land use change ; land use planning ; models ; nesting ; nesting sites ; prediction ; rural development ; sheep ; stocking rate ; vegetation types
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2015-10
    Umfang p. 331-340.
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2036774-0
    ISSN 1470-160X
    ISSN 1470-160X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.017
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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