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  1. Artikel: The Labyrinthine Journey: Unveiling Obstacles in addressing Mental Health Challenges in Prisons and its Confluence with Medico-Legal and Pharmacological Perspectives.

    Roy, Rana Navneet / Kumar, Prashant / Singh, Vijay Kumar / Singh, Deo Narayan

    The international tinnitus journal

    2024  Band 27, Heft 2, Seite(n) 225–230

    Abstract: This paper delves into the intricate realm of mental health issues within prisons including other correctional facilities, the intersectionality with legal and medical aspects, and the potential of pharmacology as a viable treatment modality. The ... ...

    Abstract This paper delves into the intricate realm of mental health issues within prisons including other correctional facilities, the intersectionality with legal and medical aspects, and the potential of pharmacology as a viable treatment modality. The prevalence and diverse array of mental disorders among incarcerated individuals are thoroughly examined, underscoring the imperative for all-encompassing interventions. The legal structure, hurdles encountered in delivering mental healthcare, and the indispensability of interdisciplinary cooperation are scrutinized. Furthermore, the effectiveness and moral implications of pharmaceutical interventions in correctional environments are deliberated upon. Conclusive suggestions are put forth to enhance mental healthcare provisions in prisons. The research paper endeavors to penetrate the labyrinthine complexities of mental health predicaments within correctional institutions, with a specific emphasis on the convergence of medico-legal facets and the plausible impact of pharmacological interventions. The study strives to elucidate the intricate nature of mental health challenges among incarcerated populations, considering the intricate interplay of socio-cultural, environmental, and psychological factors that contribute to their pervasiveness. By delving into these interconnected dimensions, the research aims to unlock prospective remedies capable of efficaciously meeting the mental health requisites of incarcerated individuals.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Prisons ; Mental Health ; Prospective Studies ; Prisoners/psychology ; Mental Disorders/drug therapy ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-03-21
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1402694-6
    ISSN 0946-5448
    ISSN 0946-5448
    DOI 10.5935/0946-5448.20230034
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  2. Artikel ; Online: Utilization of Chemometric-Aided UV Spectrophotometric Methods for Concurrent Assessment of Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, Elvitegravir, and Cobicistat in Tablet Formulation.

    Singh, Veena Devi / Singh, Vijay Kumar / Daharwal, Sanjay J

    Journal of AOAC International

    2023  Band 106, Heft 6, Seite(n) 1673–1681

    Abstract: Background: Emtricitabine (ETC), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TNF), elvitegravir (EVG), and cobicistat (CBS) are antiviral drugs used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections.: Objective: To develop chemometric-aided UV ... ...

    Abstract Background: Emtricitabine (ETC), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TNF), elvitegravir (EVG), and cobicistat (CBS) are antiviral drugs used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections.
    Objective: To develop chemometric-aided UV spectrophotometric methods for concurrent estimation of the aforementioned drugs used to treat HIV. This method can be used to reduce modification of the calibration model by assessing the absorbance at various points in the zero-order spectra within the selected wavelength range. Additionally, it eliminates interfering signals and provides sufficient resolution in multi-component systems.
    Methods: Two chemometric-assisted UV spectrophotometric methods, namely, partial least-squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) models, were established for the concurrent assessment of EVG, CBS, TNF, and ETC in tablet formulations. The proposed methods were applied to decrease complexity of overlapped spectra and to achieve maximum sensitivity and the lowest error. These approaches were performed in accordance with International Council on Harmonization (ICH) criteria and compared to the reported HPLC method.
    Results: The proposed methods were used to assess EVG, CBS, TNF, and ETC in the ranges of 5-30, 5-30 , 5-50, and 5-50 µg/mL, respectively, with an excellent correlation coefficient (r2 ≥ 0.998). The accuracy and precision results were found to be within the acceptable limits. No statistical difference was observed between the proposed and reported studies.
    Conclusion: The chemometric-aided UV spectrophotometric approaches could be considered as alternatives to chromatographic procedures in the pharmaceutical industry for routine analysis and testing of readily accessible commercial formulations.
    Highlights: Novel chemometric-assisted UV spectrophotometric techniques were developed for assessment of multicomponent antiviral combinations in single-tablet formulations. The proposed methods were performed without using harmful solvents, tedious preparation, or expensive instruments. The proposed methods were compared statistically with a reported HPLC method. Assessment of EVG, CBS, TNF, and ETC was performed without interference from excipients in their multicomponent formulations.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Tenofovir/therapeutic use ; Cobicistat/therapeutic use ; Emtricitabine/therapeutic use ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Chemometrics ; Adenine/therapeutic use ; Drug Combinations ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Tablets
    Chemische Substanzen Tenofovir (99YXE507IL) ; Cobicistat (LW2E03M5PG) ; Emtricitabine (G70B4ETF4S) ; elvitegravir (4GDQ854U53) ; Anti-HIV Agents ; Adenine (JAC85A2161) ; Drug Combinations ; Tablets
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-06-07
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1103149-9
    ISSN 1944-7922 ; 1060-3271
    ISSN (online) 1944-7922
    ISSN 1060-3271
    DOI 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad067
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  3. Artikel ; Online: Neuroprotective effect of phytoconstituents via nanotechnology for treatment of Alzheimer diseases.

    Paramanick, Debashish / Singh, Veena Devi / Singh, Vijay Kumar

    Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

    2022  Band 351, Seite(n) 638–655

    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition characterised by cognitive and behavioural dysfunction. The presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB), which prevents medications from entering the brain, makes treating AD difficult. Currently, ... ...

    Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition characterised by cognitive and behavioural dysfunction. The presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB), which prevents medications from entering the brain, makes treating AD difficult. Currently, existing therapeutic modalities provide symptomatic alleviation while also being unsafe. Phytoconstituents are gaining popularity due to their neuroprotective properties and ability to target many pathogenic pathways involved with AD. However, because to their lower BBB permeability, poor solubility, and low bioavailability, they have failed to reduce disease progression and treat Alzheimer's disease. Nanotechnology is an emerging tool for overcoming these obstacles in brain drug delivery. Thus, the development of phytochemical-loaded nanocarrier systems can reduce these barriers while improving neuroprotective benefits. In this review, we summarised prospective targets, methodologies for brain drug delivery, phytoconstituents, and their nanocarrier system developed for the management and treatment of AD. Researchers looking for an alternate method to treat AD were given new insight by emphasising obstacles and future prospects.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism ; Nanotechnology ; Brain/metabolism ; Drug Delivery Systems
    Chemische Substanzen Neuroprotective Agents
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-10-06
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632533-6
    ISSN 1873-4995 ; 0168-3659
    ISSN (online) 1873-4995
    ISSN 0168-3659
    DOI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.058
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  4. Artikel: Linking co-expression modules with phenotypes.

    Kumar, Rakesh / Ojha, Krishna Kumar / Yadav, Harlokesh Narayan / Singh, Vijay Kumar

    Bioinformation

    2022  Band 18, Heft 4, Seite(n) 438–441

    Abstract: The method for quantifying the association between co-expression module and clinical trait of interest requires application of dimensionality reduction to summaries modules as one dimensional (1D) vector. However, these methods are often linked with ... ...

    Abstract The method for quantifying the association between co-expression module and clinical trait of interest requires application of dimensionality reduction to summaries modules as one dimensional (1D) vector. However, these methods are often linked with information loss. The amount of information lost depends upon the percentage of variance captured by the reduced 1D vector. Therefore, it is of interest to describe a method using analysis of rank (AOR) to assess the association between module and clinical trait of interest. This method works with clinical traits represented as binary class labels and can be adopted for clinical traits measured in continuous scale by dividing samples in two groups around median value. Application of the AOR method on test data for muscle gene expression profiles identifies modules significantly associated with diabetes status.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-04-30
    Erscheinungsland Singapore
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2203786-X
    ISSN 0973-2063
    ISSN 0973-2063
    DOI 10.6026/97320630018438
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  5. Artikel: Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), an Active Phenolic Compound of Green Tea, Inhibits Tumor Growth of Head and Neck Cancer Cells by Targeting DNA Hypermethylation.

    Agarwal, Anshu / Kansal, Vikash / Farooqi, Humaira / Prasad, Ram / Singh, Vijay Kumar

    Biomedicines

    2023  Band 11, Heft 3

    Abstract: Head and neck cancers are among the deadliest cancers, ranked sixth globally in rates of high mortality and poor patient prognoses. The prevalence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with smoking and excessive alcohol ... ...

    Abstract Head and neck cancers are among the deadliest cancers, ranked sixth globally in rates of high mortality and poor patient prognoses. The prevalence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Despite several advances in diagnostic and interventional methods, the morbidity of subjects with HNSCC has remained unchanged over the last 30 years. Epigenetic alterations, such as DNA hypermethylation, are commonly associated with several cancers, including HNSCC. Thus, epigenetic changes are considered promising therapeutic targets for chemoprevention. Here, we investigated the effect of EGCG on DNA hypermethylation and the growth of HNSCC. First, we assessed the expression levels of global DNA methylation in HNSCC cells (FaDu and SCC-1) and observed enhanced methylation levels compared with normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE). Treatment of EGCG to HNSCC cells significantly inhibited global DNA hypermethylation by up to 70-80% after 6 days. Inhibition of DNA hypermethylation in HNSCC cells was confirmed by the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mc) into 5-hydroxy methylcytosine (5hmC). DNA methyltransferases regulate DNA methylation. Next, we checked the effect of EGCG on the expression levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and DNMT activity. Treatment of EGCG to HNSCC cells significantly reduced DNMT activity to 60% in SCC-1 and 80% in FaDu cells. The protein levels of DNMT3a and DNMT3b were downregulated in both cell lines after EGCG treatment. EGCG treatment to HNSCC cells reactivated tumor suppressors and caused decreased cell proliferation. Our in vivo study demonstrated that administration of EGCG (0.5%,
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-05
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines11030789
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  6. Artikel: Inhibition of miR-214 expression by small molecules alleviates head and neck cancer metastasis by targeting ALCAM/TFAP2 signaling.

    Agarwal, Anshu / Kansal, Vikash / Farooqi, Humaira / Prasad, Ram / Singh, Vijay Kumar

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Predominantly, head and neck cancer (HNC) is considered a regional disease and develops in the nasal cavity, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, and larynx. In the advanced stage, the HNC spread into distant organs. By the time head and neck cancer diagnosed, ... ...

    Abstract Predominantly, head and neck cancer (HNC) is considered a regional disease and develops in the nasal cavity, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, and larynx. In the advanced stage, the HNC spread into distant organs. By the time head and neck cancer diagnosed, the estimated metastasis is occurred in 10-40% cases. The most important vital organs affected by distant metastasis are the lungs, bones, and liver. Despite several advancements in chemotherapies, no significant changes are observed as 5-year survival rate remains the same. Therefore, it is crucial to decipher molecular mechanisms contributing to the metastatic dissemination of head and neck cancer. Here, we tested a novel ALCAM/TFAP2 signaling by targeting multidisciplinary miR-214 expression in head and cancer cells. Our results revealed that HNC cell lines (CAL27, SCC-9, SCC-4, and SCC-25) exhibit higher expression of miR-214 compared with normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. Higher expression of miR-214 drives the invasive potential of these cell lines. Down-regulation of miR-214 in CAL27 and SCC-9 cells either using an anti-miR-214 inhibitor (50nM) or a small molecule of green tea (EGCG) inhibited cell invasion. Treating CAL27 and SCC-9 cells with EGCG also reduces ALCAM expression, a key activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule, potentially blocking mesenchymal phenotype. Dietary administration of EGCG significantly inhibits distant metastasis of SCC-9 cells into the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Our results also demonstrate that the reduction of miR-214 expression influences in vitro cell movement and extravasation, as evident by reduced CD31 expression, a neovascularization marker. Together, these studies suggest that identifying bioactive molecules that can inhibit distant metastasis regulated by the miRNAs may provide potent interventional approaches and a better understanding of the complex functions of miRNAs and their therapeutic targets for clinical application.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-06
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.04.04.535560
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  7. Artikel: Differentially deregulated microRNAs contribute to ultraviolet radiation-induced photocarcinogenesis through immunomodulation: An-analysis of microRNAs expression profiling.

    Agarwal, Anshu / Kansal, Vikash / Farooqi, Humaira / Singh, Vijay Kumar / Prasad, Ram

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules (18-25 nucleotides) that regulate several fundamental biological processes. Emerging evidence has shown more than 1500 miRNAs functions in the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, ... ...

    Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules (18-25 nucleotides) that regulate several fundamental biological processes. Emerging evidence has shown more than 1500 miRNAs functions in the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, immune response, DNA damage, and epigenetics alterations. miRNAs are bidirectionally in nature and act as a tumor suppressor and as an oncogene through crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells. Although the roles of miRNAs in several cancers are well studied, little is known about ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced skin cancer. Here, we performed a comprehensive screening of 1281 miRNAs in tumor tissues and compared their expression with normal skin. Our results demonstrate that the expression levels of 587 miRNAs were altered in tumor tissues compared to their expression in normal skin. The expression of 337 miRNAs was upregulated from 1.5-12 folds, while the expression of 250 miRNAs was downregulated up to 1.5-10 folds in tumors. Further, intraperitoneal injection of a mimic of down-regulated miR-15b (30nM) and an inhibitor of upregulated miR-133a (20nM) protect UVB-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) response. In conclusion, we identified a network of altered miRNAs in tumors that can serve as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets to manage photocarcinogenesis effectively.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-02-27
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.02.24.529976
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Modulatory role of BV6 and chloroquine on the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer cells.

    Ali Beg, Mirza Masroor / Saxena, Alpana / Singh, Vijay Kumar / Akhter, Juheb / Habib, Haroon / Raisuddin, Sheikh

    Journal of cancer research and therapeutics

    2023  Band 19, Heft Supplement, Seite(n) S0

    Abstract: Aims: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the aggressive tumors mostly diagnosed in the advanced stage. Therapeutic failure and drug resistance pose a major problem in NSCLC treatment primarily due to alterations in autophagy and loss of ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the aggressive tumors mostly diagnosed in the advanced stage. Therapeutic failure and drug resistance pose a major problem in NSCLC treatment primarily due to alterations in autophagy and loss of apoptosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the importance of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase mimetic BV6 and autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) on the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, respectively.
    Subjects and methods: Study was conducted on NCI-H23 and NCI-H522 cell lines to evaluate the effect of BV6 and CQ on the transcription and translation level of LC3-II, caspase-3, and caspase-9 genes by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting techniques.
    Results: In NCI-H23 cell line, BV6 and CQ treatments showed increased mRNA and protein expression of caspase-3, and caspase-9 compared to its untreated counterpart. BV6 and CQ treatments also caused downregulation of LC3-II protein expression compared to its counterpart. In NCI-H522 cell line, BV6 treatment showed a significantly increased expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA and protein expression levels whereas BV6 treatment downregulated the expression level of LC3-II protein. A similar pattern was also observed in CQ treatment when compared with the respective controls. Both BV6 and CQ modulated in vitro expression of caspases and LC3-II which have critical regulatory roles in apoptosis and autophagy, respectively.
    Conclusions: Our findings suggest that BV6 and CQ could be promising candidates in NSCLC treatment and there is a need to explore them in vivo and in clinical applications.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism ; Chloroquine/pharmacology ; Chloroquine/therapeutic use ; Caspase 3/genetics ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Caspase 9/genetics ; Caspase 9/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Apoptosis ; Caspases/metabolism ; Autophagy/genetics ; RNA, Messenger
    Chemische Substanzen Chloroquine (886U3H6UFF) ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Caspase 9 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Caspases (EC 3.4.22.-) ; RNA, Messenger
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-05-08
    Erscheinungsland India
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2187633-2
    ISSN 1998-4138 ; 0973-1482
    ISSN (online) 1998-4138
    ISSN 0973-1482
    DOI 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_816_21
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Shear bond strengths of bur or Er:YAG laser prepared dentine to composite resin with or without low-level laser conditioning: an in vitro study.

    Shakya, Vijay Kumar / Bhattacharjee, Abhisek / Singh, Rajeev Kumar / Yadav, Rakesh Kumar / Singh, Vijay Kumar / Singhai, Atin

    Lasers in medical science

    2023  Band 38, Heft 1, Seite(n) 161

    Abstract: This study aims to compare the different modes of cavity preparation while evaluating the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on dentine before bonding in terms of shear bond strength between composite resin and dentine. Fifty human molar teeth were ...

    Abstract This study aims to compare the different modes of cavity preparation while evaluating the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on dentine before bonding in terms of shear bond strength between composite resin and dentine. Fifty human molar teeth were mounted on acrylic blocks and dentine specimen were prepared after which they were randomized into four equal groups. Cavity preparation mode differed in respective groups. After etching, bonding; composite resin was placed and polymerized on the prepared dentine surfaces. The specimens were kept in an environment simulating oral cavity and then shear tested in a universal testing machine. The failure surfaces of the specimen teeth were subjected to SEM micrographic evaluation. The cavity prepared with diamond abrasive points had a higher shearing load at failure that was statistically significantly different from the ones prepared with laser. That with diamond abrasive points followed by LLLT of the cavity surface with Nd:YAG laser had a higher bond strength than the ones prepared with just Er:YAG laser and there was no statistically significant difference between these and the ones prepared with diamond abrasive points alone. SEM analysis of the failure mode in bur-cut dentine showed the presence of a hybrid layer at the interface. Surface conditioning of the same with Nd:YAG laser before etching suggested a recrystallisation of dentine due to the heat produced. Cavity preparation with Er:YAG laser leads to reduced shear bond strength to adhesive restorative materials when compared with that using burs and high-speed handpiece.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use ; Composite Resins/chemistry ; Dentin ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Diamond/chemistry ; Dental Bonding ; Resin Cements/chemistry ; Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry ; Materials Testing
    Chemische Substanzen Composite Resins ; Diamond (7782-40-3) ; Resin Cements ; Dentin-Bonding Agents
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-07-15
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632808-8
    ISSN 1435-604X ; 0268-8921
    ISSN (online) 1435-604X
    ISSN 0268-8921
    DOI 10.1007/s10103-023-03824-z
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  10. Artikel: Fish cell line: depositories, web resources and future applications.

    Kumar, Murali S / Singh, Vijay Kumar / Mishra, Akhilesh Kumar / Kushwaha, Basdeo / Kumar, Ravindra / Lal, Kuldeep Kumar

    Cytotechnology

    2023  Band 76, Heft 1, Seite(n) 1–25

    Abstract: Cell lines are important bioresources to study the key biological processes in the areas like virology, pathology, immunology, toxicology, biotechnology, endocrinology and developmental biology. Cell lines developed from fish organs are utilized as a ... ...

    Abstract Cell lines are important bioresources to study the key biological processes in the areas like virology, pathology, immunology, toxicology, biotechnology, endocrinology and developmental biology. Cell lines developed from fish organs are utilized as a model in vitro system in disease surveillance programs, pharmacology, drug screening and resolving cases of metabolic abnormalities. During last decade, there were consistent efforts made globally to develop new fish cell lines from different organs like brain, eye muscles, fin, gill, heart, kidney, liver, skin, spleen, swim bladder, testes, vertebra etc. This increased use and development of cell lines necessitated the establishment of cell line depositories to store/preserve them and assure their availability to the researchers. These depositories are a source of authenticated and characterized cell lines with set protocols for material transfer agreements, maintenance and shipping as well as logistics enabling cellular research. Hence, it is important to cryopreserve and maintain cell lines in depositories and make them available to the research community. The present article reviews the current status of the fish cell lines available in different depositories across the world, along with the prominent role of cell lines in conservation of life on land or below water.
    Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-023-00601-2.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-11-27
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1035772-5
    ISSN 0920-9069
    ISSN 0920-9069
    DOI 10.1007/s10616-023-00601-2
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