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  1. Artikel ; Online: The therapeutic potential of ketones in cardiometabolic disease: impact on heart and skeletal muscle.

    Soni, Shubham / Tabatabaei Dakhili, Seyed Amirhossein / Ussher, John R / Dyck, Jason R B

    American journal of physiology. Cell physiology

    2024  Band 326, Heft 2, Seite(n) C551–C566

    Abstract: β-Hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) is the major ketone in the body, and it is recognized as a metabolic energy source and an important signaling molecule. While ketone oxidation is essential in the brain during prolonged fasting/starvation, other organs such as ... ...

    Abstract β-Hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) is the major ketone in the body, and it is recognized as a metabolic energy source and an important signaling molecule. While ketone oxidation is essential in the brain during prolonged fasting/starvation, other organs such as skeletal muscle and the heart also use ketones as metabolic substrates. Additionally, βOHB-mediated molecular signaling events occur in heart and skeletal muscle cells, and via metabolism and/or signaling, ketones may contribute to optimal skeletal muscle health and cardiac function. Of importance, when the use of ketones for ATP production and/or as signaling molecules becomes disturbed in the presence of underlying obesity, type 2 diabetes, and/or cardiovascular diseases, these changes may contribute to cardiometabolic disease. As a result of these disturbances in cardiometabolic disease, multiple approaches have been used to elevate circulating ketones with the goal of optimizing either ketone metabolism or ketone-mediated signaling. These approaches have produced significant improvements in heart and skeletal muscle during cardiometabolic disease with a wide range of benefits that include improved metabolism, weight loss, better glycemic control, improved cardiac and vascular function, as well as reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. Herein, we present the evidence that indicates that ketone therapy could be used as an approach to help treat cardiometabolic diseases by targeting cardiac and skeletal muscles.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Ketones/therapeutic use ; Ketones/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Myocardium/metabolism ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/metabolism ; Heart Failure/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Ketones ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-01-09
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 392098-7
    ISSN 1522-1563 ; 0363-6143
    ISSN (online) 1522-1563
    ISSN 0363-6143
    DOI 10.1152/ajpcell.00501.2023
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: The Multiple Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors Suggest Potential Benefit in COVID-19 Patients.

    Soni, Shubham / Dyck, Jason R B

    The Canadian journal of cardiology

    2020  Band 36, Heft 10, Seite(n) 1691.e3

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Inflammation/immunology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
    Chemische Substanzen Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-07-24
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632813-1
    ISSN 1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
    ISSN (online) 1916-7075
    ISSN 0828-282X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.07.230
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Buch ; Online: MILDSum

    Datta, Debtanu / Soni, Shubham / Mukherjee, Rajdeep / Ghosh, Saptarshi

    A Novel Benchmark Dataset for Multilingual Summarization of Indian Legal Case Judgments

    2023  

    Abstract: Automatic summarization of legal case judgments is a practically important problem that has attracted substantial research efforts in many countries. In the context of the Indian judiciary, there is an additional complexity -- Indian legal case judgments ...

    Abstract Automatic summarization of legal case judgments is a practically important problem that has attracted substantial research efforts in many countries. In the context of the Indian judiciary, there is an additional complexity -- Indian legal case judgments are mostly written in complex English, but a significant portion of India's population lacks command of the English language. Hence, it is crucial to summarize the legal documents in Indian languages to ensure equitable access to justice. While prior research primarily focuses on summarizing legal case judgments in their source languages, this study presents a pioneering effort toward cross-lingual summarization of English legal documents into Hindi, the most frequently spoken Indian language. We construct the first high-quality legal corpus comprising of 3,122 case judgments from prominent Indian courts in English, along with their summaries in both English and Hindi, drafted by legal practitioners. We benchmark the performance of several diverse summarization approaches on our corpus and demonstrate the need for further research in cross-lingual summarization in the legal domain.

    Comment: Accepted at EMNLP 2023 (Main Conference)
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-28
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  4. Buch ; Online: Improving Access to Justice for the Indian Population

    Mahapatra, Sayan / Datta, Debtanu / Soni, Shubham / Goswami, Adrijit / Ghosh, Saptarshi

    A Benchmark for Evaluating Translation of Legal Text to Indian Languages

    2023  

    Abstract: Most legal text in the Indian judiciary is written in complex English due to historical reasons. However, only about 10% of the Indian population is comfortable in reading English. Hence legal text needs to be made available in various Indian languages, ... ...

    Abstract Most legal text in the Indian judiciary is written in complex English due to historical reasons. However, only about 10% of the Indian population is comfortable in reading English. Hence legal text needs to be made available in various Indian languages, possibly by translating the available legal text from English. Though there has been a lot of research on translation to and between Indian languages, to our knowledge, there has not been much prior work on such translation in the legal domain. In this work, we construct the first high-quality legal parallel corpus containing aligned text units in English and nine Indian languages, that includes several low-resource languages. We also benchmark the performance of a wide variety of Machine Translation (MT) systems over this corpus, including commercial MT systems, open-source MT systems and Large Language Models. Through a comprehensive survey by Law practitioners, we check how satisfied they are with the translations by some of these MT systems, and how well automatic MT evaluation metrics agree with the opinions of Law practitioners.
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 410
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-15
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  5. Artikel ; Online: The Multiple Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors Suggest Potential Benefit in COVID-19 Patients

    Soni, Shubham / Dyck, Jason R.B.

    Canadian Journal of Cardiology

    2020  Band 36, Heft 10, Seite(n) 1691.e3

    Schlagwörter Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ; covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Verlag Elsevier BV
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    ZDB-ID 632813-1
    ISSN 1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
    ISSN (online) 1916-7075
    ISSN 0828-282X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.07.230
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Ketone therapy for heart failure: current evidence for clinical use.

    Takahara, Shingo / Soni, Shubham / Maayah, Zaid H / Ferdaoussi, Mourad / Dyck, Jason R B

    Cardiovascular research

    2021  Band 118, Heft 4, Seite(n) 977–987

    Abstract: During conditions that result in depleted circulating glucose levels, ketone bodies synthesized in the liver are necessary fuel substrates for the brain. In other organs, such as the heart, the reliance on ketones for generating energy in the absence of ... ...

    Abstract During conditions that result in depleted circulating glucose levels, ketone bodies synthesized in the liver are necessary fuel substrates for the brain. In other organs, such as the heart, the reliance on ketones for generating energy in the absence of glucose is less important as the heart can utilize alternative fuel sources, such as fatty acids. However, during pathophysiological conditions, such as heart failure, cardiac defects in metabolic processes that normally allow for sufficient energy production from fatty acids and carbohydrates contribute to a decline in contractile function. As such, it has been proposed that the failing heart relies more on ketone bodies as an energy source than previously appreciated. Furthermore, it has been shown that ketone bodies function as signaling molecules that can suppress systemic and cardiac inflammation. Thus, it is possible that intentionally elevating circulating ketones may be beneficial as an adjunct treatment for heart failure. Although many approaches can be used for 'ketone therapy', each of these has their own advantages and disadvantages in the treatment of heart failure. Thus, we summarize current preclinical and clinical studies involving various types of ketone therapy in cardiac disease and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each modality as possible treatments for heart failure.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Heart Failure/diagnosis ; Heart Failure/drug therapy ; Humans ; Ketone Bodies/metabolism ; Ketones/therapeutic use
    Chemische Substanzen Fatty Acids ; Ketone Bodies ; Ketones ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-03-11
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80340-6
    ISSN 1755-3245 ; 0008-6363
    ISSN (online) 1755-3245
    ISSN 0008-6363
    DOI 10.1093/cvr/cvab068
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Exogenous ketone ester administration attenuates systemic inflammation and reduces organ damage in a lipopolysaccharide model of sepsis.

    Soni, Shubham / Martens, Matthew D / Takahara, Shingo / Silver, Heidi L / Maayah, Zaid H / Ussher, John R / Ferdaoussi, Mourad / Dyck, Jason R B

    Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease

    2022  Band 1868, Heft 11, Seite(n) 166507

    Abstract: Aims: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition of organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated inflammation which predisposes patients to developing cardiovascular disease. The ketone β-hydroxybutyrate is reported to be cardioprotective in cardiovascular ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition of organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated inflammation which predisposes patients to developing cardiovascular disease. The ketone β-hydroxybutyrate is reported to be cardioprotective in cardiovascular disease and this may be due to their signaling properties that contribute to reducing inflammation. While exogenous ketone esters (KE) increase blood ketone levels, it remains unknown whether KEs can reduce the enhanced inflammatory response and multi-organ dysfunction that is observed in sepsis. Thus, this study assesses whether a recently developed and clinically safe KE can effectively improve the inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in sepsis.
    Methods and results: To assess the anti-inflammatory effects of a KE, we utilized a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in which an enhanced inflammatory response results in multi-organ dysfunction. Oral administration of KE for three days prior to LPS-injection significantly protected mice against the profound systemic inflammation compared to their vehicle-treated counterparts. In assessing organ dysfunction, KE protected mice from sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction as well as renal dysfunction and fibrosis. Furthermore, KE administration attenuated the sepsis-induced inflammation in the heart, kidney, and liver. Moreover, these protective effects occurred independent of changes to enzymes involved in ketone metabolism.
    Conclusion: These data show that the use of an exogenous KE attenuates the dysregulated systemic and organ inflammation as well as organ dysfunction in a model of severe inflammation. We postulate that this exogenous KE is an appealing and promising approach to capitalize on the protective anti-inflammatory effects of ketones in sepsis and/or other inflammatory responses.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Esters/pharmacology ; Esters/therapeutic use ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Ketones/pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity ; Mice ; Multiple Organ Failure/drug therapy ; Multiple Organ Failure/etiology ; Multiple Organ Failure/prevention & control ; Sepsis/chemically induced ; Sepsis/drug therapy ; Sepsis/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Esters ; Ketones ; Lipopolysaccharides ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-07-25
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 60-7
    ISSN 1879-260X ; 1879-2596 ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650 ; 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
    ISSN (online) 1879-260X ; 1879-2596 ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650
    ISSN 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166507
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Perinatal iron restriction is associated with changes in neonatal cardiac function and structure in a sex-dependent manner.

    Noble, Ronan M N / Holody, Claudia D / Woodman, Andrew G / Nie, Chunpeng / Liu, Si Ning / Young, Daniel / Wiedemeyer, Alyssa / Soni, Shubham / Dyck, Jason R B / Graf, Daniel / Eckersley, Luke G / Dufour, Antoine / Bourque, Stephane L

    Clinical science (London, England : 1979)

    2023  Band 137, Heft 15, Seite(n) 1115–1130

    Abstract: Iron deficiency (ID) is common during gestation and in early infancy and can alter developmental trajectories with lasting consequences on cardiovascular health. While the effects of ID and anemia on the mature heart are well documented, comparatively ... ...

    Abstract Iron deficiency (ID) is common during gestation and in early infancy and can alter developmental trajectories with lasting consequences on cardiovascular health. While the effects of ID and anemia on the mature heart are well documented, comparatively little is known about their effects and mechanisms on offspring cardiac development and function in the neonatal period. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an iron-restricted or iron-replete diet before and during pregnancy. Cardiac function was assessed in a cohort of offspring on postnatal days (PD) 4, 14, and 28 by echocardiography; a separate cohort was euthanized for tissue collection and hearts underwent quantitative shotgun proteomic analysis. ID reduced body weight and increased relative heart weights at all time points assessed, despite recovering from anemia by PD28. Echocardiographic studies revealed unique functional impairments in ID male and female offspring, characterized by greater systolic dysfunction in the former and greater diastolic dysfunction in the latter. Proteomic analysis revealed down-regulation of structural components by ID, as well as enriched cellular responses to stress; in general, these effects were more pronounced in males. ID causes functional changes in the neonatal heart, which may reflect an inadequate or maladaptive compensation to anemia. This identifies systolic and diastolic dysfunction as comorbidities to perinatal ID anemia which may have important implications for both the short- and long-term cardiac health of newborn babies. Furthermore, therapies which improve cardiac output may mitigate the effects of ID on organ development.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Pregnancy ; Rats ; Animals ; Male ; Female ; Iron ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Proteomics ; Iron Deficiencies ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
    Chemische Substanzen Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-07-18
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 206835-7
    ISSN 1470-8736 ; 0301-0538 ; 0009-0360 ; 0143-5221
    ISSN (online) 1470-8736
    ISSN 0301-0538 ; 0009-0360 ; 0143-5221
    DOI 10.1042/CS20230594
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Overview of The the Clinician Investigator Trainees' Research Presented at The 2022 CSCI-CITAC Joint Meeting.

    Castanov, Valera / Soni, Shubham / Phuong, Melissa S / Al-Azzawi, Zaid A M / Mazzanti, Andrew / Patel, Salonee / Suk, Yujin / Wang, Wenxuan / Yuan, Amelia T / Robert, Robert

    Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale

    2023  Band 46, Heft 3, Seite(n) E4–12

    Abstract: The 2022 Annual Joint Meeting (AJM) and Young Investigators' Forum of the Canadian Society for Clinical Investigation / Société Canadienne de recherches clinique (CSCI/SCRC) and Clinician Investigator Trainee Association of Canada/Association des ... ...

    Abstract The 2022 Annual Joint Meeting (AJM) and Young Investigators' Forum of the Canadian Society for Clinical Investigation / Société Canadienne de recherches clinique (CSCI/SCRC) and Clinician Investigator Trainee Association of Canada/Association des cliniciens-chercheurs en formation du Canada (CITAC/ACCFC) was held in Montréal, November 13-14, 2022. The theme of this year's AJM was "Strength in Perseverance" and focused on highlighting clinician-investigator trainee achievements and resilience in research engagement through recent challenging and unprecedented times. The opening remarks were given by Nicola Jones (president of CSCI/SCRC) and Heather Whittaker (past president of CITAC/ACCFC). The keynote speaker was Dr. Michael Strong, who delivered the presentation "The Future of Clinician Scientists in Canada." Dr. Caroline Quach (Université de Montréal) received the CSCI Distinguished Scientist Award and Dr. Amy Metcalfe (University of Calgary) received the CSCI Joe Doupe Young Investigator Award. Each of the clinician-scientists delivered presentations on their award-winning research. The four interactive workshops included "Social Media in Science and Medicine," "Diversity in Science and Medicine," "Running a Successful Research Program," and "Mentorship in Action." The AJM also included presentations from clinician investigator trainees from across the country. Over 90 abstracts were showcased at this year's meeting, most of which are summarized in this review. Six outstanding abstracts were selected for oral presentations during the President's Forum.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-09-28
    Erscheinungsland Canada
    Dokumenttyp News
    ZDB-ID 434004-8
    ISSN 1488-2353 ; 0147-958X
    ISSN (online) 1488-2353
    ISSN 0147-958X
    DOI 10.25011/cim.v46i3.41656
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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