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  1. Artikel ; Online: Challenges of Opportunity Cost Analysis in Planning REDD+

    Spencer T. Plumb / Yeon-Su Kim / Erik A. Nielsen

    Forests, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 244-

    A Honduran Case Study of Social and Cultural Values Associated with Indigenous Forest Uses

    2012  Band 264

    Abstract: The REDD Programme is predicated on the assumption that developed countries will provide sufficient funds to offset opportunity costs associated with avoiding deforestation. The role of non-market values in indigenous land management may challenge the ... ...

    Abstract The REDD Programme is predicated on the assumption that developed countries will provide sufficient funds to offset opportunity costs associated with avoiding deforestation. The role of non-market values in indigenous land management may challenge the efficacy of compensation schemes targeted at meeting opportunity costs as calculated in traditional opportunity cost analysis (OCA). Furthermore it is unclear how these economic incentives might affect social and cultural values linked to land-use norms, livelihoods, and local governance. This study explores the economic, social and cultural values of forest uses for a Miskito community in the Rio Plátano Biosphere Reserve in Honduras. Data were collected using household surveys, farm visits, and community workshops. OCA indicates potential for successful REDD+ payment schemes; however it is an inadequate method to account for subsistence and cultural opportunity costs associated with avoided deforestation. Compensation to change land-use practices may undermine governance institutions necessary to address deforestation in the region. Our results indicate that small-scale agriculture and other forest-based subsistence activities are important cultural practices for maintaining Miskito identity and forest management institutions. Recommendations are offered for using OCA to develop REDD+ projects that recognize the linkages between social and cultural values and forest management by focusing on approaches that consider a full range of economic, social and cultural opportunity costs.
    Schlagwörter REDD+ ; opportunity cost ; indigenous ; subsistence agriculture ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 390
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2012-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Artikel: Drug Policy as Conservation Policy: Narco-Deforestation

    McSweeney, Kendra / David J. Wrathall / Erik A. Nielsen / Matthew J. Taylor / Ophelia Wang / Spencer T. Plumb / Zoe Pearson

    Science. 2014 Jan. 31, v. 343, no. 6170

    2014  

    Abstract: The watershed 2013 report, The Drug Problem in the Americas (1), highlights a shift toward multilateral support for hemispheric drug policy reform. This report by the Organization of American States (OAS) reviews failures of the U.S.-led prohibitionist †...

    Abstract The watershed 2013 report, The Drug Problem in the Americas (1), highlights a shift toward multilateral support for hemispheric drug policy reform. This report by the Organization of American States (OAS) reviews failures of the U.S.-led prohibitionist “war on drugs” and urges states to reconsider orthodox “supply-side” strategies (including interdiction and drug crop eradication), and to focus more on demand-side policy experimentation. In Central America, a key zone of drug transit that is being ripped apart by narco-fueled violence and corruption (2 , 3), the push for reform signals hope that the conditions fueling drug traffickers' profits and corrosive political influence may eventually be dismantled (4).
    Schlagwörter drugs ; issues and policy ; politics ; profits and margins ; violence ; watersheds ; Central America ; North America ; South America
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2014-0131
    Umfang p. 489-490.
    Erscheinungsort American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.1244082
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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