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  1. Artikel ; Online: A Newly Developed Algorithm for Cloud Shadow Detection—TIP Method

    Viktoria Zekoll / Raquel de los Reyes / Rudolf Richter

    Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 2922, p

    2022  Band 2922

    Abstract: The masking of cloud shadows in optical satellite imagery is an important step in automated processing chains. A new method (the TIP method) for cloud shadow detection in multi-spectral satellite images is presented and compared to current methods. The ... ...

    Abstract The masking of cloud shadows in optical satellite imagery is an important step in automated processing chains. A new method (the TIP method) for cloud shadow detection in multi-spectral satellite images is presented and compared to current methods. The TIP method is based on the evaluation of thresholds , indices and projections . Most state-of-the-art methods solemnly rely on one of these evaluation steps or on a complex working mechanism. Instead, the new method incorporates three basic evaluation steps into one algorithm for easy and accurate cloud shadow detection. Furthermore the performance of the masking algorithms provided by the software packages ATCOR (“Atmospheric Correction”) and PACO (“Python-based Atmospheric Correction”) is compared with that of the newly implemented TIP method on a set of 20 Sentinel-2 scenes distributed over the globe, covering a wide variety of environments and climates. The algorithms incorporated in each piece of masking software use the class of cloud shadows, but they employ different rules and class-specific thresholds. Classification results are compared to the assessment of an expert human interpreter. The class assignment of the human interpreter is considered as reference or “truth”. The overall accuracies for the class cloud shadows of ATCOR and PACO (including TIP) for difference areas of the selected scenes are 70.4% and 76.6% respectively. The difference area encompasses the parts of the classification image where the classification maps disagree. User and producer accuracies for the class cloud shadow are strongly scene-dependent, typically varying between 45% and 95%. The experimental results show that the proposed TIP method based on thresholds, indices and projections can obtain improved cloud shadow detection performance.
    Schlagwörter Sentinel-2 ; cloud shadow masking ; TIP method ; PACO ; ATCOR ; Science ; Q
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Comparison of Masking Algorithms for Sentinel-2 Imagery

    Viktoria Zekoll / Magdalena Main-Knorn / Jerome Louis / David Frantz / Rudolf Richter / Bringfried Pflug

    Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 137, p

    2021  Band 137

    Abstract: Masking of clouds, cloud shadow, water and snow/ice in optical satellite imagery is an important step in automated processing chains. We compare the performance of the masking provided by Fmask (“Function of mask” implemented in FORCE), ATCOR (“ ... ...

    Abstract Masking of clouds, cloud shadow, water and snow/ice in optical satellite imagery is an important step in automated processing chains. We compare the performance of the masking provided by Fmask (“Function of mask” implemented in FORCE), ATCOR (“Atmospheric Correction”) and Sen2Cor (“Sentinel-2 Correction”) on a set of 20 Sentinel-2 scenes distributed over the globe covering a wide variety of environments and climates. All three methods use rules based on physical properties (Top of Atmosphere Reflectance, TOA) to separate clear pixels from potential cloud pixels, but they use different rules and class-specific thresholds. The methods can yield different results because of different definitions of the dilation buffer size for the classes cloud, cloud shadow and snow. Classification results are compared to the assessment of an expert human interpreter using at least 50 polygons per class randomly selected for each image. The class assignment of the human interpreter is considered as reference or “truth”. The interpreter carefully assigned a class label based on the visual assessment of the true color and infrared false color images and additionally on the bottom of atmosphere (BOA) reflectance spectra. The most important part of the comparison is done for the difference area of the three classifications considered. This is the part of the classification images where the results of Fmask, ATCOR and Sen2Cor disagree. Results on difference area have the advantage to show more clearly the strengths and weaknesses of a classification than results on the complete image. The overall accuracy of Fmask, ATCOR, and Sen2Cor for difference areas of the selected scenes is 45%, 56%, and 62%, respectively. User and producer accuracies are strongly class- and scene-dependent, typically varying between 30% and 90%. Comparison of the difference area is complemented by looking for the results in the area where all three classifications give the same result. Overall accuracy for that “same area” is 97% resulting in the complete ...
    Schlagwörter Sentinel-2 ; masking ; Fmask ; ATCOR ; Sen2Cor ; Science ; Q
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 004
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Erratum

    Viktoria Zekoll / Magdalena Main-Knorn / Kevin Alonso / Jerome Louis / David Frantz / Rudolf Richter / Bringfried Pflug

    Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4, p

    Zekoll, F., et al. Comparison of Masking Algorithms for Sentinel-2 Imagery. Remote Sens. 2021, 13 , 137

    2021  Band 539

    Abstract: The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [.] ...

    Abstract The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [.]
    Schlagwörter n/a ; Science ; Q
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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