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  1. Artikel ; Online: Using AI-Based Technologies to Help Nurses Detect Behavioral Disorders: Narrative Literature Review.

    Fernandes, Sofia / von Gunten, Armin / Verloo, Henk

    JMIR nursing

    2024  Band 7, Seite(n) e54496

    Abstract: Background: The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common among people with dementia and have multiple negative consequences. Artificial intelligence-based technologies (AITs) have the potential to help nurses in the early ... ...

    Abstract Background: The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common among people with dementia and have multiple negative consequences. Artificial intelligence-based technologies (AITs) have the potential to help nurses in the early prodromal detection of BPSD. Despite significant recent interest in the topic and the increasing number of available appropriate devices, little information is available on using AITs to help nurses striving to detect BPSD early.
    Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the number and characteristics of existing publications on introducing AITs to support nursing interventions to detect and manage BPSD early.
    Methods: A literature review of publications in the PubMed database referring to AITs and dementia was conducted in September 2023. A detailed analysis sought to identify the characteristics of these publications. The results were reported using a narrative approach.
    Results: A total of 25 publications from 14 countries were identified, with most describing prospective observational studies. We identified three categories of publications on using AITs and they are (1) predicting behaviors and the stages and progression of dementia, (2) screening and assessing clinical symptoms, and (3) managing dementia and BPSD. Most of the publications referred to managing dementia and BPSD.
    Conclusions: Despite growing interest, most AITs currently in use are designed to support psychosocial approaches to treating and caring for existing clinical signs of BPSD. AITs thus remain undertested and underused for the early and real-time detection of BPSD. They could, nevertheless, provide nurses with accurate, reliable systems for assessing, monitoring, planning, and supporting safe therapeutic interventions.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/nursing
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-05-28
    Erscheinungsland Canada
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2562-7600
    ISSN (online) 2562-7600
    DOI 10.2196/54496
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel: Standards de qualité en psychiatrie de la personne âgée.

    Klöppel, Stefan / von Gunten, Armin / Georgescu, Dan

    Praxis

    2023  Band 112, Heft 5-6, Seite(n) 1–7

    Abstract: Quality Standards in Old Age ... ...

    Titelübersetzung Qualitätsstandards in der Alterspsychiatrie.
    Abstract Quality Standards in Old Age Psychiatry
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Psychotherapy ; Workforce
    Sprache Französisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-31
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209026-0
    ISSN 1661-8165 ; 1661-8157 ; 0369-8394
    ISSN (online) 1661-8165
    ISSN 1661-8157 ; 0369-8394
    DOI 10.1024/1661-8157/a004028
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel: Polysémie de l’agitation chez le sujet dément.

    Schuster, Jean-Pierre / Santos, Zita / Von Gunten, Armin

    Revue medicale suisse

    2023  Band 19, Heft 816, Seite(n) 426–429

    Abstract: Agitation is a common feature in people with dementia. Agitation can be the clinical expression of a medical condition comorbid with dementia or a behavioural and psychological symptom of dementia. In both cases, it is a clinical manifestation and not a ... ...

    Titelübersetzung Polysemy of agitation in dementia.
    Abstract Agitation is a common feature in people with dementia. Agitation can be the clinical expression of a medical condition comorbid with dementia or a behavioural and psychological symptom of dementia. In both cases, it is a clinical manifestation and not a disease in itself. This polysemy of agitation invites us to think of a global care of the demented subject taking into account the subject in his environment and their history. Reducing the treatment of agitation to sedating it amounts to a reification of the demented subject.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Dementia/complications ; Psychomotor Agitation/etiology
    Sprache Französisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-02-22
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2177010-4
    ISSN 1660-9379
    ISSN 1660-9379
    DOI 10.53738/REVMED.2023.19.816.426
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: The geometric approach to human stress based on stress-related surrogate measures.

    Kloucek, Petr / von Gunten, Armin

    PloS one

    2021  Band 16, Heft 1, Seite(n) e0219414

    Abstract: We present a predictive Geometric Stress Index (pGSI) and its relation to behavioural Entropy ([Formula: see text]). [Formula: see text] is a measure of the complexity of an organism's reactivity to stressors yielding patterns based on different ... ...

    Abstract We present a predictive Geometric Stress Index (pGSI) and its relation to behavioural Entropy ([Formula: see text]). [Formula: see text] is a measure of the complexity of an organism's reactivity to stressors yielding patterns based on different behavioural and physiological variables selected as Surrogate Markers of Stress (SMS). We present a relationship between pGSI and [Formula: see text] in terms of a power law model. This nonlinear relationship describes congruences in complexity derived from analyses of observable and measurable SMS based patterns interpreted as stress. The adjective geometric refers to subdivision(s) of the domain derived from two SMS (heart rate variability and steps frequency) with respect to a positive/negative binary perceptron based on a third SMS (blood oxygenation). The presented power law allows for both quantitative and qualitative evaluations of the consequences of stress measured by pGSI. In particular, we show that elevated stress levels in terms of pGSI leads to a decrease of the [Formula: see text] of the blood oxygenation, measured by peripheral blood oxygenation SpO2 as a model of SMS.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Entropy ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Oxygen/blood ; Stress, Physiological/physiology
    Chemische Substanzen Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-01-25
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0219414
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  5. Artikel: Utilisation de la kétamine en psychiatrie : mise à jour.

    Clerc, Marie-Thérèse / Rosenhagen-Lapoirie, Marcus / Von Gunten, Armin

    Revue medicale suisse

    2022  Band 18, Heft 793, Seite(n) 1626–1629

    Abstract: Ketamine has demonstrated at a lower dose a robust and rapid antidepressant effect due to a mechanism of action different from conventional treatments. It is now included in several international recommendations on treatment-resistant depression. ... ...

    Titelübersetzung Use of ketamine in psychiatry: an update.
    Abstract Ketamine has demonstrated at a lower dose a robust and rapid antidepressant effect due to a mechanism of action different from conventional treatments. It is now included in several international recommendations on treatment-resistant depression. Ketamine may be used in both out- or in-patient settings, generally by way of intravenous or intranasal formulations provided the fulfillment of safety requirements. There is a growing interest in the use of ketamine for other resistant psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and substance use disorders. Ketamine proves an innovating and promising treatment that extends the range of therapeutic possibilities in psychiatry. We propose here to review its current clinical use.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Administration, Intravenous ; Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant/drug therapy ; Humans ; Ketamine/therapeutic use ; Psychiatry
    Chemische Substanzen Antidepressive Agents ; Ketamine (690G0D6V8H)
    Sprache Französisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-09-01
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2177010-4
    ISSN 1660-9379
    ISSN 1660-9379
    DOI 10.53738/REVMED.2022.18.793.1626
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  6. Artikel: Relationship Between Depression and Falls Among Nursing Home Residents: Protocol for an Integrative Review.

    Matos Queirós, Alcina / von Gunten, Armin / Rosselet Amoussou, Joëlle / Martins, Maria Manuela / Verloo, Henk

    JMIR research protocols

    2023  Band 12, Seite(n) e46995

    Abstract: Background: Aging exposes individuals to new health disorders and debilitating chronic diseases, yet most older adults, even in functional decline, do not want to leave their homes. Nevertheless, for many, institutionalization in a nursing home (NH) may ...

    Abstract Background: Aging exposes individuals to new health disorders and debilitating chronic diseases, yet most older adults, even in functional decline, do not want to leave their homes. Nevertheless, for many, institutionalization in a nursing home (NH) may become essential to ensure their continued safety and health. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among older adults, especially among those who are institutionalized. Depressed NH residents face a high risk of future functional decline and falls, decreasing their quality of life. The relationship between depression and falls is complex and bidirectional. Previous reviews have focused on home-dwelling older adults or explored the relationship between antidepressant drugs and falls. To the best of our knowledge, no integrative literature reviews have explored the relationship between depression and falls among NH residents.
    Objective: Analyze studies on the relationship between depression and falls among NH residents.
    Methods: We will conduct an integrative literature review of published articles in relevant scientific journals on the relationship between depression and depressive symptomatology and falls among NH residents. As usually defined, we will consider NH residents to be people aged 65 years and older who can no longer live safely and independently in their homes. We will also consider older adults on short-term stays in an NH for rehabilitation after hospital discharge. Retrieved articles will be screened for eligibility and analyzed following previously reported steps. The most pertinent bibliographical databases will be examined for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies, from inception until August 31, 2023, thus ensuring that all relevant literature is included. We will also hand-search the bibliographies of all the relevant articles found and search for unpublished studies in any language. If appropriate, we will consider conducting a meta-analysis of the studies retrieved.
    Results: A first round of data collection was completed in March 2023. We retrieved a total of 2276 references. A supplementary literature search to ensure the most up-to-date evidence is ongoing. We anticipate that the review will be completed in late September 2023, and we expect to publish results at the end of December 2023.
    Conclusions: This integrative review will increase knowledge and understanding of the complex relationship between depression and falls in NH environments. Its findings will be important for developing integrated, multidisciplinary models and care recommendations, adaptable to each NH resident's situation and health status, and for creating preventive interventions to help them maintain or recover optimal health stability.
    International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/46995.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-19
    Erscheinungsland Canada
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2719222-2
    ISSN 1929-0748
    ISSN 1929-0748
    DOI 10.2196/46995
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Profiles of centenarians' functioning: linking functional and cognitive capacity with depressive symptoms.

    Uittenhove, Kim / Lampraki, Charikleia / da Rocha, Carla Gomes / Rott, Christoph / von Gunten, Armin / Jopp, Daniela S

    BMC geriatrics

    2024  Band 24, Heft 1, Seite(n) 451

    Abstract: Background: Despite most centenarians facing age-related declines in functional and cognitive capacities, the severity of these declines varies among individuals, as does the maintenance of good mental health (e.g., depressive symptoms) despite these ... ...

    Abstract Background: Despite most centenarians facing age-related declines in functional and cognitive capacities, the severity of these declines varies among individuals, as does the maintenance of good mental health (e.g., depressive symptoms) despite these declines. This study aims to examine this heterogeneity in centenarians from the Second Heidelberg Centenarian Study, which collected data from 112 centenarians living in Germany. In our study, we focus on a subsample of 73 centenarians who provided self-reports for our measures of interest (M age = 100.4, SD age = 0.55).
    Methods: We examined correlations between functional capacity (i.e., PADL, IADL), cognitive capacity (i.e., MMSE), and depressive symptoms (i.e., GDS), and the existence of different profiles using hierarchical clustering.
    Results: Higher functional capacity was related to higher cognitive capacity and to fewer depressive symptoms. Yet, higher cognitive capacity was associated with more depressive symptoms. Hierarchical clustering analysis elucidated this contradiction by identifying three profiles: low-capacity individuals (i.e., 24 individuals had low functional and cognitive capacities, with low depressive symptoms), high-capacity individuals (i.e., 33 individuals with high functional and cognitive capacities, with low depressive symptoms), and low-functional-high-cognitive-capacity individuals (i.e., 16 individuals showed low functional but high cognitive capacity, with high depressive symptoms). Our post-hoc analyses highlighted arthritis and pain as risk factors for functional dependence and depression.
    Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the importance of identifying centenarian subgroups with specific resource- and risk profiles to better address their needs, and of treating pain to improve functional capacity and mental health in centenarians.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged, 80 and over ; Depression/psychology ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/diagnosis ; Germany/epidemiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Activities of Daily Living/psychology ; Geriatric Assessment/methods ; Functional Status
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-05-23
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2059865-8
    ISSN 1471-2318 ; 1471-2318
    ISSN (online) 1471-2318
    ISSN 1471-2318
    DOI 10.1186/s12877-024-05036-8
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Home-Dwelling Older Adults' Day-to-Day Community Interactions: A Qualitative Study.

    Perruchoud, Elodie / von Gunten, Armin / Ferreira, Tiago / Queirós, Alcina Matos / Verloo, Henk

    Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Band 7, Heft 4

    Abstract: Background: Many home-dwelling older adults present abnormal behaviours related to dementia or to non-dementia cognitive impairment (e.g., agitation, anxiety, apathy, etc.). Because many older adults live at home alone or are able to hide any signs of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Many home-dwelling older adults present abnormal behaviours related to dementia or to non-dementia cognitive impairment (e.g., agitation, anxiety, apathy, etc.). Because many older adults live at home alone or are able to hide any signs of abnormal behaviours from others, the non-healthcare workers who interact with older adults on a daily basis are key actors in detecting those behaviours and orienting older adults towards appropriate support services. To the best of our knowledge, no studies to date have explored the daily interactions experienced between older adults and the various non-healthcare workers whom they regularly encounter in the community. This work aimed to identify the non-healthcare workers who are regularly in direct contact with older adults during their day-to-day activities and then develop specific training for these workers on the subject of abnormal behaviours among the elderly.
    Methods: This qualitative and ethnographic study asked 21 home-dwelling older adults aged 65 years old or more to answer open-ended questions. Sixteen had no self-reported cognitive impairments, and five had a probable or diagnosed slight cognitive impairment or mild-to-moderate dementia. A thematic analysis of the data was carried out.
    Results: The non-healthcare workers who spent the most time with older adults with and without reported cognitive impairments were those working in cafés or tea rooms and leisure or activity centres.
    Conclusions: In view of the significant amounts of contact between home-dwelling older adults and non-healthcare workers, it seems necessary and sensible to increase non-healthcare workers' knowledge about abnormal behaviours, especially by offering them training. The proactive detection and identification of older adults' abnormal behaviours by non-healthcare workers will ensure earlier care and reduce avoidable hospitalisations, institutionalisations and costs linked to geriatric healthcare.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-08-12
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 2308-3417
    ISSN (online) 2308-3417
    DOI 10.3390/geriatrics7040082
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Plant sterols and cholesterol metabolism are associated with five-year cognitive decline in the elderly population.

    Clark, Christopher / Gholam, Mehdi / Zullo, Leonardo / Kerksiek, Anja / Castelao, Enrique / von Gunten, Armin / Preisig, Martin / Lütjohann, Dieter / Popp, Julius

    iScience

    2023  Band 26, Heft 6, Seite(n) 106740

    Abstract: Dysregulations in cholesterol metabolism are associated with neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies, and dementia. Diet-derived plant sterols (phytosterols) have cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and may interfere ... ...

    Abstract Dysregulations in cholesterol metabolism are associated with neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies, and dementia. Diet-derived plant sterols (phytosterols) have cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and may interfere with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Here we performed multivariate analysis in 720 individuals enrolled in a population-based prospective study to determine whether circulating cholesterol precursors and metabolites, triglycerides, and phytosterols, are associated with cognitive impairment and decline in the older population. We report specific dysregulations of endogenous cholesterol synthesis and metabolism, and diet-derived phytosterols, and their changes over time associated with cognitive impairment, and decline in the general population. These findings suggest circulating sterols levels could be considered in risk evaluation and are relevant for the development of strategies to prevent cognitive decline in older people.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-24
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106740
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  10. Artikel ; Online: Development of a patient-centred medication management model for polymedicated home-dwelling older adults after hospital discharge: results of a mixed methods study.

    Pereira, Filipa / Meyer-Massetti, Carla / Del Río Carral, María / von Gunten, Armin / Wernli, Boris / Verloo, Henk

    BMJ open

    2023  Band 13, Heft 9, Seite(n) e072738

    Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate medication management among polymedicated, home-dwelling older adults after discharge from a hospital centre in French-speaking Switzerland and then develop a model to optimise medication management and prevent ...

    Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate medication management among polymedicated, home-dwelling older adults after discharge from a hospital centre in French-speaking Switzerland and then develop a model to optimise medication management and prevent adverse health outcomes associated with medication-related problems (MRPs).
    Design: Explanatory, sequential, mixed methods study based on detailed quantitative and qualitative findings reported previously.
    Setting: Hospital and community healthcare in the French-speaking part of Switzerland.
    Participants: The quantitative strand retrospectively examined 3 years of hospital electronic patient records (n=53 690 hospitalisations of inpatients aged 65 years or older) to identify the different profiles of those at risk of 30-day hospital readmission and unplanned nursing home admission. The qualitative strand explored the perspectives of older adults (n=28), their informal caregivers (n=17) and healthcare professionals (n=13) on medication management after hospital discharge.
    Results: Quantitative results from older adults' profiles, affected by similar patient-related, medication-related and environment-related factors, were enhanced and supported by qualitative findings. The combined findings enabled us to design an interprofessional, collaborative medication management model to prevent MRPs among home-dwelling older adults after hospital discharge. The model comprised four interactive fields of action: listening to polymedicated home-dwelling older adults and their informal caregivers; involving older adults and their informal caregivers in shared, medication-related decision-making; empowering older adults and their informal caregivers for safe medication self-management; optimising collaborative medication management practices.
    Conclusion: By linking the retrospective and prospective findings from our explanatory sequential study involving multiple stakeholders' perspectives, we created a deeper comprehension of the complexities and challenges of safe medication management among polymedicated, home-dwelling older adults after their discharge from hospital. We subsequently designed an innovative, collaborative, patient-centred model for optimising medication management and preventing MRPs in this population.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Aged ; Patient Discharge ; Retrospective Studies ; Medication Therapy Management ; Prospective Studies ; Inpatients ; Hospitals
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-09-20
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072738
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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