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  1. Artikel ; Online: Automatically Identifying Sickness Behavior in Grazing Lambs with an Acceleration Sensor

    Bowen Fan / Racheal H. Bryant / Andrew W. Greer

    Animals, Vol 13, Iss 2086, p

    2023  Band 2086

    Abstract: ... of LPS infusion by hour interaction on durations of eating (−6.71 min/h, p < 0.001), inactive behavior ... 16.00 min/h, p < 0.001), active behavior (−8.39 min/h, p < 0.001), and highly active behavior (−2.90 ... min/h, p < 0.001) with a trend for rumination time (−1.41 min/h, p = 0.075) in lambs after a single ...

    Abstract Acute disease of grazing animals can lead to alterations in behavioral patterns. Relatively recent advances in accelerometer technology have resulted in commercial products, which can be used to remotely detect changes in animals’ behavior, the pattern and extent of which may provide an indicator of disease challenge and animal health status. The objective of this study was to determine if changes in behavior during use of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge model can be detected using ear-mounted accelerometers in grazing lambs. LPS infusion elevated rectal temperatures from 39.31 °C to 39.95 °C, indicating successful establishment of an acute fever response for comparison with groups ( p < 0.001). For each of the five recorded behaviors, time spent eating, ruminating, not active, active, and highly active, the accelerometers were able to detect an effect of LPS challenge. Compared with the control, there were significant effects of LPS infusion by hour interaction on durations of eating (−6.71 min/h, p < 0.001), inactive behavior (+16.00 min/h, p < 0.001), active behavior (−8.39 min/h, p < 0.001), and highly active behavior (−2.90 min/h, p < 0.001) with a trend for rumination time (−1.41 min/h, p = 0.075) in lambs after a single LPS infusion. Results suggest that current sensors have the capability to correctly identify behaviors of grazing lambs, raising the possibility of detecting changes in animals’ health status.
    Schlagwörter lipopolysaccharide ; accelerometer ; health status ; grazing lambs ; behavior ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Hammett correlation in competition experiments in dissociation of ionised substituted benzophenones and dibenzylideneacetones.

    Fenwick, Nathan W / Telford, Richard / Martin, William H C / Bowen, Richard D

    European journal of mass spectrometry (Chichester, England)

    2023  Band 29, Heft 4, Seite(n) 211–219

    Abstract: A convenient method of applying competition experiments to devise a Hammett correlation in the dissociation by α-cleavage of 17 ionised 3- and 4-substituted benzophenones, ... ...

    Abstract A convenient method of applying competition experiments to devise a Hammett correlation in the dissociation by α-cleavage of 17 ionised 3- and 4-substituted benzophenones, YC
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-07-05
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 1751-6838
    ISSN (online) 1751-6838
    DOI 10.1177/14690667231184363
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  3. Artikel ; Online: Automatically Identifying Sickness Behavior in Grazing Lambs with an Acceleration Sensor

    Fan, Bowen / Bryant, Racheal H. / Greer, Andrew W.

    Animals. 2023 June 23, v. 13, no. 13

    2023  

    Abstract: ... of LPS infusion by hour interaction on durations of eating (−6.71 min/h, p < 0.001), inactive behavior ... 16.00 min/h, p < 0.001), active behavior (−8.39 min/h, p < 0.001), and highly active behavior (−2.90 ... min/h, p < 0.001) with a trend for rumination time (−1.41 min/h, p = 0.075) in lambs after a single ...

    Abstract Acute disease of grazing animals can lead to alterations in behavioral patterns. Relatively recent advances in accelerometer technology have resulted in commercial products, which can be used to remotely detect changes in animals’ behavior, the pattern and extent of which may provide an indicator of disease challenge and animal health status. The objective of this study was to determine if changes in behavior during use of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge model can be detected using ear-mounted accelerometers in grazing lambs. LPS infusion elevated rectal temperatures from 39.31 °C to 39.95 °C, indicating successful establishment of an acute fever response for comparison with groups (p < 0.001). For each of the five recorded behaviors, time spent eating, ruminating, not active, active, and highly active, the accelerometers were able to detect an effect of LPS challenge. Compared with the control, there were significant effects of LPS infusion by hour interaction on durations of eating (−6.71 min/h, p < 0.001), inactive behavior (+16.00 min/h, p < 0.001), active behavior (−8.39 min/h, p < 0.001), and highly active behavior (−2.90 min/h, p < 0.001) with a trend for rumination time (−1.41 min/h, p = 0.075) in lambs after a single LPS infusion. Results suggest that current sensors have the capability to correctly identify behaviors of grazing lambs, raising the possibility of detecting changes in animals’ health status.
    Schlagwörter accelerometers ; acute course ; animal health ; fever ; health status ; lipopolysaccharides ; models ; rumination
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2023-0623
    Erscheinungsort Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani13132086
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Artikel: Automatically Identifying Sickness Behavior in Grazing Lambs with an Acceleration Sensor.

    Fan, Bowen / Bryant, Racheal H / Greer, Andrew W

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2023  Band 13, Heft 13

    Abstract: Acute disease of grazing animals can lead to alterations in behavioral patterns. Relatively recent advances in accelerometer technology have resulted in commercial products, which can be used to remotely detect changes in animals' behavior, the pattern ... ...

    Abstract Acute disease of grazing animals can lead to alterations in behavioral patterns. Relatively recent advances in accelerometer technology have resulted in commercial products, which can be used to remotely detect changes in animals' behavior, the pattern and extent of which may provide an indicator of disease challenge and animal health status. The objective of this study was to determine if changes in behavior during use of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge model can be detected using ear-mounted accelerometers in grazing lambs. LPS infusion elevated rectal temperatures from 39.31 °C to 39.95 °C, indicating successful establishment of an acute fever response for comparison with groups (
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-06-23
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani13132086
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  5. Artikel ; Online: Dental caries - not just holes in teeth! A perspective.

    Bowen, W H

    Molecular oral microbiology

    2016  Band 31, Heft 3, Seite(n) 228–233

    Abstract: Cavitation in teeth results from a pathogenic process termed dental caries that has occurred on the tooth surface for weeks or even years. Accumulation of dental plaque (biofilm) on the tooth is usually the first manifestation of the disease. Although ... ...

    Abstract Cavitation in teeth results from a pathogenic process termed dental caries that has occurred on the tooth surface for weeks or even years. Accumulation of dental plaque (biofilm) on the tooth is usually the first manifestation of the disease. Although acid production is the immediate and proximal cause of dissolution of teeth; it is the milieu within which the acid is formed that should be of primary concern. Focusing on the 'critical pH' has detracted attention from the more biological aspects (biofilm formation) of dental caries. Dental caries is unique; it is a biological process occurring on essentially an inert surface. Investigation of the multitude of interactions occurring in plaque ranging from enamel interfaces to surfaces of bacteria and matrices poses challenges worthy of the best scientific minds. The mouth clearly offers unique opportunities to investigate the multi facets of biofilm formation in vivo, generating data that have relevance way beyond the mouth. Prevention of this ubiquitous disease, dental caries, continues to present serious challenges. The public health benefits of fluoride delivered in its various formats are well recognized. Nevertheless, additional preventive approaches are required. Overcoming the rapid clearance of agents from the mouth is particularly challenging. Building on the polymerizing capacity of glucosyltransferases it may be possible to incorporate a therapeutic agent into the matrix plaque, thereby delivering therapeutic agents precisely to where they are needed.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Dental Caries/microbiology ; Dental Caries/physiopathology ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Dental Caries/therapy ; Dental Plaque/chemistry ; Dental Plaque/microbiology ; Fluorides ; Glucosyltransferases/metabolism ; Humans ; Streptococcus mutans/physiology
    Chemische Substanzen Acids ; Glucosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.-) ; Fluorides (Q80VPU408O)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-06
    Erscheinungsland Denmark
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2537726-7
    ISSN 2041-1014 ; 2041-1006
    ISSN (online) 2041-1014
    ISSN 2041-1006
    DOI 10.1111/omi.12132
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: In memoriam: Dr John A. Gray III.

    Bowen, W H

    Journal of dental research

    2015  Band 94, Heft 3, Seite(n) 393–394

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Dental Research/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Societies, Dental/history ; United States
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2015-03
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Portraits
    ZDB-ID 80207-4
    ISSN 1544-0591 ; 0022-0345
    ISSN (online) 1544-0591
    ISSN 0022-0345
    DOI 10.1177/0022034514565649
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  7. Artikel ; Online: Managing the "Three Cs" of Academic Literature Authorship: Contributions, Credit, and Conflict.

    Thurston, Maria Miller / Moniri, Nader H / Phillip Bowen, J / Lea Winkles, C / Miller, Susan W

    American journal of pharmaceutical education

    2023  Band 87, Heft 5, Seite(n) 100009

    Abstract: Dissemination of information through publications is central to academic research, as well as professional advancement. Although seemingly a straightforward endeavor, publication authorship may present challenges. Although the International Committee of ... ...

    Abstract Dissemination of information through publications is central to academic research, as well as professional advancement. Although seemingly a straightforward endeavor, publication authorship may present challenges. Although the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors defines authorship based on 4 required criteria, contemporary interdisciplinary collaborations can complicate authorship determinations. However, communication that occurs early and frequently in the research and writing process can help to prevent or mitigate potential conflicts, while a process for defining authorship contributions can aid in awarding proper credit. The Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) defines 14 essential roles of manuscript authors that can be utilized to characterize individual author contributions toward any given publication. This information is useful for academic administrators when evaluating contributors of faculty during promotion and tenure decisions. In the era of collaborative scientific, clinical, and pedagogical scholarship, providing faculty development, including statements of credit in the published work, and developing institutional systems to capture and assess contributions are key.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Authorship ; Publishing ; Education, Pharmacy ; Writing ; Communication
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-15
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603807-4
    ISSN 1553-6467 ; 0002-9459
    ISSN (online) 1553-6467
    ISSN 0002-9459
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.10.002
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Skeletal muscle atrophy, regeneration, and dysfunction in heart failure: Impact of exercise training.

    Gallagher, Harrison / Hendrickse, Paul W / Pereira, Marcelo G / Bowen, T Scott

    Journal of sport and health science

    2023  Band 12, Heft 5, Seite(n) 557–567

    Abstract: This review highlights some established and some more contemporary mechanisms responsible for heart failure (HF)-induced skeletal muscle wasting and weakness. We first describe the effects of HF on the relationship between protein synthesis and ... ...

    Abstract This review highlights some established and some more contemporary mechanisms responsible for heart failure (HF)-induced skeletal muscle wasting and weakness. We first describe the effects of HF on the relationship between protein synthesis and degradation rates, which determine muscle mass, the involvement of the satellite cells for continual muscle regeneration, and changes in myofiber calcium homeostasis linked to contractile dysfunction. We then highlight key mechanistic effects of both aerobic and resistance exercise training on skeletal muscle in HF and outline its application as a beneficial treatment. Overall, HF causes multiple impairments related to autophagy, anabolic-catabolic signaling, satellite cell proliferation, and calcium homeostasis, which together promote fiber atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and impaired regeneration. Although both wasting and weakness are partly rescued by aerobic and resistance exercise training in HF, the effects of satellite cell dynamics remain poorly explored.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Calcium/metabolism ; Muscular Atrophy/therapy ; Muscular Atrophy/etiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Heart Failure/metabolism ; Exercise ; Regeneration
    Chemische Substanzen Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-09
    Erscheinungsland China
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2673028-5
    ISSN 2213-2961 ; 2095-2546
    ISSN (online) 2213-2961
    ISSN 2095-2546
    DOI 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.04.001
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  9. Artikel ; Online: A novel preclinical model of environment-like combined benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) exposure: Behavioral and neurochemical findings.

    Davidson, Cameron J / Svenson, D W / Hannigan, John H / Perrine, Shane A / Bowen, Scott E

    Neurotoxicology and teratology

    2022  Band 91, Seite(n) 107076

    Abstract: ... a fourth group modeling occupational-like exposure. These exposures were conducted in 1.5-h sessions, 2 ...

    Abstract Environmental exposure to toxicants is a major health issue and a leading risk factor for premature mortality worldwide, including environmental exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), specifically Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX). While exposure to these compounds individually has shown behavioral and neurochemical effects, this investigation examined the impact of exposure to combined BTEX using a preclinical model. Male Swiss Webster mice were exposed to BTEX vapors designed to approximate environmental levels in urban communities. Animals were exposed to one of four treatment conditions: a 0-ppm (air control), two BTEX groups representing levels of environmental-like exposure, and a fourth group modeling occupational-like exposure. These exposures were conducted in 1.5-h sessions, 2 sessions/day, 5 days/week, for 3 weeks. Effects on coordination (i.e., rotarod and inverted screen test), learning and memory (i.e., Y-maze), and locomotor behavior (i.e., movement during exposure) were assessed during and after exposure. Monoamine levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens were assessed immediately following exposure. Effects of BTEX exposure were found on the variance of locomotor activity but not in other behavioral or neurochemical assessments. These results indicate that the combination of inhaled BTEX at environmentally representative concentrations has demonstrable, albeit subtle, effects on behavior.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Air Pollutants ; Animals ; Benzene/analysis ; Benzene/toxicity ; Benzene Derivatives/analysis ; Benzene Derivatives/toxicity ; Male ; Mice ; Toluene/toxicity ; Xylenes/analysis ; Xylenes/toxicity
    Chemische Substanzen Air Pollutants ; Benzene Derivatives ; Xylenes ; Toluene (3FPU23BG52) ; Benzene (J64922108F) ; ethylbenzene (L5I45M5G0O)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-02-12
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639165-5
    ISSN 1872-9738 ; 0892-0362
    ISSN (online) 1872-9738
    ISSN 0892-0362
    DOI 10.1016/j.ntt.2022.107076
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Connective tissue disease type mediates branch patency of grafts in open thoracoabdominal aortic reconstruction.

    Sorber, Rebecca / Bowen, Caitlin J / Hicks, Caitlin W / Black, James H

    Journal of vascular surgery

    2021  Band 75, Heft 1, Seite(n) 90–98

    Abstract: Objective: Despite a shared degenerative vascular phenotype, Marfan syndrome (MFS), Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), and other genetically distinct connective tissue diseases (CTDs) have unique extravascular pathologies that impact the outcomes of aortic ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Despite a shared degenerative vascular phenotype, Marfan syndrome (MFS), Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), and other genetically distinct connective tissue diseases (CTDs) have unique extravascular pathologies that impact the outcomes of aortic replacement. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of CTD genotype with postoperative outcomes and branch patency following open thoracoabdominal aortic replacement in a large institutional cohort.
    Methods: All patients undergoing open branched thoracoabdominal aortic replacement at a single academic center from 2006 to 2020 were included and classified as CTD or non-CTD based on the presence of genotypic documentation. Outcomes were compared using analysis of variance and χ
    Results: Overall, 172 patients were included, with a mean follow-up of 30.5 ± 34.9 months. CTD was present in 45 patients (26%); specifically, 32 had MFS, five had LDS, and eight had another CTD. Patients with CTDs had more extent II thoracoabdominal aneurysms (40% vs 15%), more reconstructed branches (3.5 vs 1.8), more frequently reconstructed visceral branches (86.7% vs 22.7%), and higher intraoperative blood loss (13.3 vs 6.8 L; all P < .05) compared with non-CTD patients. Patients with MFS were more frequently systemically anticoagulated preoperatively (50% vs 5%) and demonstrated higher rates of postoperative deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism compared with non-CTD patients (9% vs 2%; both P < .05). Five-year renal branch patency was decreased among all patients compared with visceral branches (87.3% vs 95.6%; P = .05), but there were no individual branch patency differences between patients with and without CTDs (P = .086). Overall branch patency at 1 and 5 years was significantly higher in patients with MFS than in non-CTD patients (98.9% vs 89.1% at 5 years); there were no significant patency differences between non-CTD patients and any other CTD subgroup, mostly due to early patency loss.
    Conclusions: Open thoracoabdominal reconstruction in patients with CTD is technically challenging and associated with increased transfusion and postoperative thromboembolic events when compared with non-CTD patients. Technical outcomes of the procedure are excellent and are differentially associated with genotype, with patients with MFS experiencing significantly improved branch patency over both non-CTD patients and patients with other CTDs, a finding which has multifactorial drivers.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/instrumentation ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Graft Occlusion, Vascular/epidemiology ; Graft Occlusion, Vascular/etiology ; Humans ; Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/complications ; Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/genetics ; Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/surgery ; Male ; Marfan Syndrome/complications ; Marfan Syndrome/genetics ; Marfan Syndrome/surgery ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents/adverse effects ; Vascular Patency/genetics ; Young Adult
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-06-26
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605700-7
    ISSN 1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
    ISSN (online) 1097-6809
    ISSN 0741-5214
    DOI 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.05.062
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