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  1. Artikel ; Online: Rational and irrational vaccine hesitancy.

    Green, Manfred S

    Israel journal of health policy research

    2023  Band 12, Heft 1, Seite(n) 11

    Abstract: In the paper published recently in this journal, Kumar et al. explained why the key to improved COVID-19 vaccine uptake is to understand societal reactions leading to vaccine hesitancy. They conclude that communications strategies should be tailored to ... ...

    Abstract In the paper published recently in this journal, Kumar et al. explained why the key to improved COVID-19 vaccine uptake is to understand societal reactions leading to vaccine hesitancy. They conclude that communications strategies should be tailored to the different phases of vaccine hesitancy. However, within the theoretical framework provided in their paper, vaccine hesitancy should be recognized as having both rational and irrational components. Rational vaccine hesitancy is a natural result of the inherent uncertainties in the potential impact of vaccines in controlling the pandemic. In general, irrational hesitancy is based on baseless information obtained from hearsay and deliberately false information. Risk communication should address both with transparent, evidence-based information. Rational concerns can be allayed by sharing the process in which dilemmas and uncertainties are dealt with by the health authorities. Messages on irrational concerns need to address head on the sources spreading unscientific and unsound information. In both cases, there is a need to develop risk communication that restores trust in the health authorities.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccination Hesitancy ; Israel ; Pandemics
    Chemische Substanzen COVID-19 Vaccines
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-28
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2657655-7
    ISSN 2045-4015 ; 2045-4015
    ISSN (online) 2045-4015
    ISSN 2045-4015
    DOI 10.1186/s13584-023-00560-1
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Rational and irrational vaccine hesitancy

    Manfred S. Green

    Israel Journal of Health Policy Research, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Band 6

    Abstract: Abstract In the paper published recently in this journal, Kumar et al. explained why the key to improved COVID-19 vaccine uptake is to understand societal reactions leading to vaccine hesitancy. They conclude that communications strategies should be ... ...

    Abstract Abstract In the paper published recently in this journal, Kumar et al. explained why the key to improved COVID-19 vaccine uptake is to understand societal reactions leading to vaccine hesitancy. They conclude that communications strategies should be tailored to the different phases of vaccine hesitancy. However, within the theoretical framework provided in their paper, vaccine hesitancy should be recognized as having both rational and irrational components. Rational vaccine hesitancy is a natural result of the inherent uncertainties in the potential impact of vaccines in controlling the pandemic. In general, irrational hesitancy is based on baseless information obtained from hearsay and deliberately false information. Risk communication should address both with transparent, evidence-based information. Rational concerns can be allayed by sharing the process in which dilemmas and uncertainties are dealt with by the health authorities. Messages on irrational concerns need to address head on the sources spreading unscientific and unsound information. In both cases, there is a need to develop risk communication that restores trust in the health authorities.
    Schlagwörter Vaccine hesitancy ; Rational ; Irrational ; COVID-19 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 306
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag BMC
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Did the hesitancy in declaring COVID-19 a pandemic reflect a need to redefine the term?

    Green, Manfred S

    Lancet (London, England)

    2020  Band 395, Heft 10229, Seite(n) 1034–1035

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Civil Defense ; Communication ; Consensus ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Interprofessional Relations ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Public Opinion ; Risk Assessment ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Terminology as Topic ; Time Factors ; World Health Organization
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-03-13
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Letter
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30630-9
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  4. Artikel ; Online: Corrigendum: Gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates-A pooled analysis of data from seven high-income countries by age group and time period.

    Peer, Victoria / Schwartz, Naama / Green, Manfred S

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Band 11, Seite(n) 1157235

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997025.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997025.].
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-02-21
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1157235
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  6. Artikel ; Online: Did the hesitancy in declaring COVID-19 a pandemic reflect a need to redefine the term?

    Green, Manfred S

    The Lancet

    2020  Band 395, Heft 10229, Seite(n) 1034–1035

    Schlagwörter General Medicine ; covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Verlag Elsevier BV
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30630-9
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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    Verfügbar in ZB MED Köln/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.5: Hefte anzeigen Standort:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MG 94: Hefte anzeigen

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates—A pooled analysis of data from seven high-income countries by age group and time period

    Victoria Peer / Naama Schwartz / Manfred S. Green

    Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

    2023  Band 10

    Abstract: IntroductionGender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis are occasionally reported. However, the magnitude and consistency of the differences by age group, among different populations, and over extended periods of time are not clear ... ...

    Abstract IntroductionGender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis are occasionally reported. However, the magnitude and consistency of the differences by age group, among different populations, and over extended periods of time are not clear.Materials and methodsWe obtained national data from seven countries from open-access internet sites or personal communications with official representatives. We computed the male-to-female incidence rate ratios (IRRs) by country and year for every age group and pooled these ratios using meta-analytic methods. Meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of age, country, and calendar years to the variation in the IRRs.ResultsIn the age groups of < 1, 1–4, 5–9, and 10–14, the pooled male-to-female IRRs (with 95% CI) were as follows: 1.21 (1.05, 1.40), 0.99 (0.95, 1.04), 1.01 (0.96, 1.06), and 0.83 (0.77, 0.89), respectively. In the age groups 15–44, 45–64, and 65+ years, incidence rates were significantly higher in men, with IRRs of 1.25 (1.16, 1.35), 1.79 (1.56, 2.06), and 1.81 (1.66, 1.96), respectively. Meta-regression analysis revealed that age significantly contributed to the variation in the IRRs.ConclusionsThere were gender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis, with higher rates in boys aged less than one, no significant differences in boys of ages 1–9, and higher rates in boys/men older than 15. The only excess in female gender was in the age group 10–14 years. The age-related gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates observed over several countries indicate the importance of including sex as a biological variable when assessing the risk factors for tuberculosis.
    Schlagwörter tuberculosis ; sex differences ; gender ; meta-analysis ; meta-regression ; male-to-female ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 331
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Frontiers Media S.A.
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Sex differences in hepatitis A incidence rates-a multi-year pooled-analysis based on national data from nine high-income countries.

    Manfred S Green / Naama Schwartz / Victoria Peer

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 6, p e

    2023  Band 0287008

    Abstract: Background Possible sex differences in hepatitis A virus (HAV) incidence rates in different age groups are not well documented. We aimed to obtain stable pooled estimates of such differences based on data from a number of high-income countries. Methods ... ...

    Abstract Background Possible sex differences in hepatitis A virus (HAV) incidence rates in different age groups are not well documented. We aimed to obtain stable pooled estimates of such differences based on data from a number of high-income countries. Methods We obtained data on incident cases of HAV by sex and age group over a period of 6-25 years from nine countries: Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Israel, Netherland, New Zealand and Spain. Male to female incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed for each year, by country and age group. For each age group, we used meta-analytic methods to combine the IRRs. Meta-regression was conducted to estimate the effects of age, country, and time period on the IRR. Results A male excess in incidence rates was consistently observed in all age groups, although in the youngest and oldest age groups, where the numbers tended to be lower, the lower bounds of the 95% confidence intervals for the IRRs were less than one. In the age groups <1, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-44, 45-64 and 65+, the pooled IRRs (with 95% CI) over countries and time periods were 1.18 (0.94,1.48), 1.22 (1.16,1.29), 1.07 (1.03,1.11), 1.09 (1.04,1.14), 1.46 (1.30,1.64), 1.32 (1.15,1.51) and 1.10 (0.99,1.23) respectively. Conclusions The excess HAV incidence rates in young males, pooled over a number of countries, suggest that the sex differences are likely to be due at least in part to physiological and biological differences and not just behavioral factors. At older ages, differential exposure plays an important role. These findings, seen in the context of the excess incidence rates in young males for many other infectious diseases, can provide further keys to the mechanisms of the infection.
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates-A pooled analysis of data from seven high-income countries by age group and time period.

    Peer, Victoria / Schwartz, Naama / Green, Manfred S

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Band 10, Seite(n) 997025

    Abstract: Introduction: Gender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis are occasionally reported. However, the magnitude and consistency of the differences by age group, among different populations, and over extended periods of time are not clear.: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Gender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis are occasionally reported. However, the magnitude and consistency of the differences by age group, among different populations, and over extended periods of time are not clear.
    Materials and methods: We obtained national data from seven countries from open-access internet sites or personal communications with official representatives. We computed the male-to-female incidence rate ratios (IRRs) by country and year for every age group and pooled these ratios using meta-analytic methods. Meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of age, country, and calendar years to the variation in the IRRs.
    Results: In the age groups of < 1, 1-4, 5-9, and 10-14, the pooled male-to-female IRRs (with 95% CI) were as follows: 1.21 (1.05, 1.40), 0.99 (0.95, 1.04), 1.01 (0.96, 1.06), and 0.83 (0.77, 0.89), respectively. In the age groups 15-44, 45-64, and 65+ years, incidence rates were significantly higher in men, with IRRs of 1.25 (1.16, 1.35), 1.79 (1.56, 2.06), and 1.81 (1.66, 1.96), respectively. Meta-regression analysis revealed that age significantly contributed to the variation in the IRRs.
    Conclusions: There were gender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis, with higher rates in boys aged less than one, no significant differences in boys of ages 1-9, and higher rates in boys/men older than 15. The only excess in female gender was in the age group 10-14 years. The age-related gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates observed over several countries indicate the importance of including sex as a biological variable when assessing the risk factors for tuberculosis.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Adolescent ; Incidence ; Sex Factors ; Developed Countries ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Risk Factors
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-01-10
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997025
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  10. Artikel ; Online: Sex differences in hepatitis A incidence rates-a multi-year pooled-analysis based on national data from nine high-income countries.

    Green, Manfred S / Schwartz, Naama / Peer, Victoria

    PloS one

    2023  Band 18, Heft 6, Seite(n) e0287008

    Abstract: Background: Possible sex differences in hepatitis A virus (HAV) incidence rates in different age groups are not well documented. We aimed to obtain stable pooled estimates of such differences based on data from a number of high-income countries.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Possible sex differences in hepatitis A virus (HAV) incidence rates in different age groups are not well documented. We aimed to obtain stable pooled estimates of such differences based on data from a number of high-income countries.
    Methods: We obtained data on incident cases of HAV by sex and age group over a period of 6-25 years from nine countries: Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Israel, Netherland, New Zealand and Spain. Male to female incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed for each year, by country and age group. For each age group, we used meta-analytic methods to combine the IRRs. Meta-regression was conducted to estimate the effects of age, country, and time period on the IRR.
    Results: A male excess in incidence rates was consistently observed in all age groups, although in the youngest and oldest age groups, where the numbers tended to be lower, the lower bounds of the 95% confidence intervals for the IRRs were less than one. In the age groups <1, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-44, 45-64 and 65+, the pooled IRRs (with 95% CI) over countries and time periods were 1.18 (0.94,1.48), 1.22 (1.16,1.29), 1.07 (1.03,1.11), 1.09 (1.04,1.14), 1.46 (1.30,1.64), 1.32 (1.15,1.51) and 1.10 (0.99,1.23) respectively.
    Conclusions: The excess HAV incidence rates in young males, pooled over a number of countries, suggest that the sex differences are likely to be due at least in part to physiological and biological differences and not just behavioral factors. At older ages, differential exposure plays an important role. These findings, seen in the context of the excess incidence rates in young males for many other infectious diseases, can provide further keys to the mechanisms of the infection.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Female ; Male ; Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Hepatitis A/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Developed Countries ; Sex Characteristics ; Hepatitis A virus
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-06-13
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287008
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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