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  1. Book: Medical ethics, law and human rights

    Moodley, Keymanthri

    a South African perspective

    2011  

    Author's details Keymanthri Moodley (ed.)
    Language English
    Size XX, 377 S.
    Edition 1. ed., 2. impr.
    Publisher Van Schaik Publ
    Publishing place Hatfield
    Publishing country South Africa
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT016875678
    ISBN 978-0-627-02809-0 ; 0-627-02809-8
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2012 A 785 order for loan Magazin

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  2. Article ; Online: Vaccine inequity is unethical.

    Moodley, Keymanthri

    Nature human behaviour

    2022  Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) 168–169

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Morals ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2397-3374
    ISSN (online) 2397-3374
    DOI 10.1038/s41562-022-01295-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The ethics behind mandatory COVID-19 vaccination post-Omicron

    Keymanthri Moodley

    South African Journal of Science, Vol 118, Iss 5/

    The South African context

    2022  Volume 6

    Abstract: The legitimacy of mandatory vaccine policies is underscored by a public health ethics framework based on the principles of limited autonomy, social justice and the common good. Ideally, vaccine uptake ought to occur on a voluntary basis as an act of ... ...

    Abstract The legitimacy of mandatory vaccine policies is underscored by a public health ethics framework based on the principles of limited autonomy, social justice and the common good. Ideally, vaccine uptake ought to occur on a voluntary basis as an act of solidarity to ensure that everyone is protected. Given that the altruistic approach has failed and vaccine uptake remains sub-optimal in South Africa, in this paper, I argue for vaccine mandates, in a post-Omicron context. This viewpoint is substantiated by several considerations. Healthcare workers are fatigued after 2 years of treating COVID-19 and many are still treating patients with post-viral syndromes, mental health conditions and cardiovascular complications. Health systems remain under pressure as people with non-COVID diseases, neglected during the pandemic, are also now presenting to medical practices and hospitals. Although South Africa has emerged from a relatively less severe fourth wave of COVID-19, there have been many deaths. Vaccine and natural immunity in a relatively young general population has been advantageous. However, the country has a high prevalence of HIV and those who are untreated may not be able to clear the coronavirus easily. Similarly chronic illnesses place many at risk for severe disease from COVID variants, especially if unvaccinated. The future is shrouded in uncertainty. The next variant could be similar to or less severe than Omicron, yet still impact negatively on health systems, education and the economy. Physical distancing is not ideal in many low socio-economic settings, making vaccines an important component of our prevention toolbox. Our safest option now is to ensure that as many South Africans as possible are vaccinated and receive boosters. Vaccine mandates work to achieve this end. Significance: The legitimacy of COVID-19 vaccine mandates post-Omicron is explored from an ethical perspective, given that the fifth wave remains unpredictable in South Africa – a country with a high prevalence of HIV, vulnerable ...
    Keywords ethics ; mandatory ; vaccines ; COVID-19 ; South Africa ; Science ; Q ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social Sciences ; H ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 170
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Academy of Science of South Africa
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The many faces of the big data revolution in health for sub-Saharan Africa

    Keymanthri Moodley / Stuart Rennie

    South African Journal of Science, Vol 119, Iss 5/

    2023  Volume 6

    Keywords Science ; Q ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social Sciences ; H ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Academy of Science of South Africa
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Cross-border data sharing through the lens of research ethics committee members in sub-Saharan Africa.

    Cengiz, Nezerith / Kabanda, Siti M / Moodley, Keymanthri

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) e0303828

    Abstract: Background: Several factors thwart successful data sharing-ambiguous or fragmented regulatory landscapes, conflicting institutional/researcher interests and varying levels of data science-related expertise are among these. Traditional ethics oversight ... ...

    Abstract Background: Several factors thwart successful data sharing-ambiguous or fragmented regulatory landscapes, conflicting institutional/researcher interests and varying levels of data science-related expertise are among these. Traditional ethics oversight mechanisms and practices may not be well placed to guarantee adequate research oversight given the unique challenges presented by digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). Data-intensive research has raised new, contextual ethics and legal challenges that are particularly relevant in an African research setting. Yet, no empirical research has been conducted to explore these challenges.
    Materials and methods: We explored REC members' views and experiences on data sharing by conducting 20 semi-structured interviews online between June 2022 and February 2023. Using purposive sampling and snowballing, we recruited representatives across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed the data with Atlas.ti V22.
    Results: Three dominant themes were identified: (i) experiences in reviewing data sharing protocols, (ii) perceptions of data transfer tools and (iii) ethical, legal and social challenges of data sharing. Several sub-themes emerged as: (i.a) frequency of and approaches used in reviewing data sharing protocols, (i.b) practical/technical challenges, (i.c) training, (ii.a) ideal structure of data transfer tools, (ii.b) key elements of data transfer tools, (ii.c) implementation level, (ii.d) key stakeholders in developing and reviewing a data transfer agreement (DTA), (iii.a) confidentiality and anonymity, (iii.b) consent, (iii.c) regulatory frameworks, and (iii.d) stigmatisation and discrimination.
    Conclusions: Our results indicated variability in REC members' perceptions, suboptimal awareness of the existence of data protection laws and a unanimously expressed need for REC member training. To promote efficient data sharing within and across SSA, guidelines that incorporate ethical, legal and social elements need to be developed in consultation with relevant stakeholders and field experts, along with the training accreditation of REC members in the review of data-intensive protocols.
    MeSH term(s) Information Dissemination/ethics ; Africa South of the Sahara ; Humans ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Ethics, Research ; Female ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0303828
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Awareness, experiences and perceptions regarding genetic testing and the return of genetic and genomics results in a hypothetical research context among patients in Uganda: a qualitative study.

    Ochieng, Joseph / Kwagala, Betty / Barugahare, John / Möller, Marlo / Moodley, Keymanthri

    Journal of medical ethics

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Genetic testing presents unique ethical challenges for research and clinical practice, particularly in low-resource settings. To address such challenges, context-specific understanding of ethical, legal and social issues is essential. Return ...

    Abstract Background: Genetic testing presents unique ethical challenges for research and clinical practice, particularly in low-resource settings. To address such challenges, context-specific understanding of ethical, legal and social issues is essential. Return of genetics and genomics research (GGR) results remains an unresolved yet topical issue particularly in African settings that lack appropriate regulation and guidelines. Despite the need to understand what is contextually acceptable, there is a paucity of empirical research and literature on what constitutes appropriate practice with respect to GGR.The study assessed patients' awareness, experiences and perceptions regarding genetic testing and the return of GGR results in a hypothetical context.
    Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a qualitative exploratory approach. Respondents were patients attending the medical outpatient unit of Mulago National Hospital. Three deliberative focus group discussions involving 18 respondents were conducted. Data were analysed through thematic analysis.
    Results: Three main themes and several subthemes were identified. Most respondents were aware of genetic testing, supportive of GGR and receiving results. However, only a few had undergone genetic testing due to cost constraints. They articulated the need for adequate information and genetic counselling to inform decision-making. Privacy of results was important to respondents while others were willing to share results.
    Conclusion: There was general awareness and support for GGR and the return of results. Stigmatisation emerged as a barrier to disclosure of results for some. Global health inequity impacts access and affordability of genetic testing and counselling in Africa and should be addressed as a matter of social justice.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 194927-5
    ISSN 1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
    ISSN (online) 1473-4257
    ISSN 0306-6800
    DOI 10.1136/jme-2022-108885
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1163: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: Research-Related Stakeholders' Perspectives on Sociocultural Considerations in Biobanking Practice in South Africa.

    Singh, Shenuka / Cadigan, Rosemary Jean / Moodley, Keymanthri

    Biopreservation and biobanking

    2022  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 81–89

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; South Africa ; Biological Specimen Banks
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2593993-2
    ISSN 1947-5543 ; 1947-5535
    ISSN (online) 1947-5543
    ISSN 1947-5535
    DOI 10.1089/bio.2021.0149
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Key ethical issues encountered during COVID-19 research: a thematic analysis of perspectives from South African research ethics committees.

    Burgess, Theresa / Rennie, Stuart / Moodley, Keymanthri

    BMC medical ethics

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 11

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant challenges to research ethics committees (RECs) in balancing urgency of review of COVID-19 research with careful consideration of risks and benefits. In the African context, RECs are further ... ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant challenges to research ethics committees (RECs) in balancing urgency of review of COVID-19 research with careful consideration of risks and benefits. In the African context, RECs are further challenged by historical mistrust of research and potential impacts on COVID-19 related research participation, as well as the need to facilitate equitable access to effective treatments or vaccines for COVID-19. In South Africa, an absent National Health Research Ethics Council (NHREC) also left RECs without national guidance for a significant duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study that explored the perspectives and experiences of RECs regarding the ethical challenges of COVID-19 research in South Africa.
    Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 21 REC chairpersons or members from seven RECs at large academic health institutions across South Africa that were actively involved in the review of COVID-19 related research from January to April 2021. In-depth interviews were conducted remotely via Zoom. Interviews (60-125 min) were conducted in English using an in-depth interview guide, until data saturation was achieved. Audio-recordings were transcribed verbatim and field notes were converted into data documents. Line-by-line coding of transcripts was performed, and data were organised into themes and sub-themes. An inductive approach to thematic analysis was used to analyse data.
    Results: Five main themes were identified, namely: rapidly evolving research ethics landscape, extreme vulnerability of research participants, unique challenges to informed consent, challenges to community engagement during COVID-19, and overlapping research ethics and public health equity issues. Sub-themes were identified for each main theme.
    Conclusions: Numerous, significant ethical complexities and challenges were identified by South African REC members in the review of COVID-19 related research. While RECs are resilient and adaptable, reviewer and REC member fatigue were major concerns. The numerous ethical issues identified also highlight the need for research ethics teaching and training, especially in informed consent, as well as the urgent requirement for the development of national guidelines for research ethics during public health emergencies. Further, comparative analysis between different countries is needed to develop the discourse around African RECs and COVID-19 research ethics issues.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; South Africa ; Ethics Committees, Research ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Pandemics ; COVID-19
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041552-7
    ISSN 1472-6939 ; 1472-6939
    ISSN (online) 1472-6939
    ISSN 1472-6939
    DOI 10.1186/s12910-023-00888-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Delineating the role of penile transplantation when traditional male circumcisions go wrong in South Africa.

    Rennie, Stuart / Moodley, Keymanthri

    Journal of medical ethics

    2019  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 194927-5
    ISSN 1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
    ISSN (online) 1473-4257
    ISSN 0306-6800
    DOI 10.1136/medethics-2019-105414
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1163: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  10. Article ; Online: Stakeholder perspectives on the ethico-legal dimensions of biobanking in South Africa.

    Singh, Shenuka / Moodley, Keymanthri

    BMC medical ethics

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 84

    Abstract: Background: Biobanking provides exciting opportunities for research on stored biospecimens. However, these opportunities to advance medical science are fraught with challenges including ethical and legal dilemmas. This study was undertaken to establish ... ...

    Abstract Background: Biobanking provides exciting opportunities for research on stored biospecimens. However, these opportunities to advance medical science are fraught with challenges including ethical and legal dilemmas. This study was undertaken to establish perspectives of South African stakeholders on the ethico-legal dimensions of biobanking.
    Methods: An in-depth exploratory study was conducted with 25 purposively selected biobankers, clinicians, researchers, postgraduate students in biobanking research, and research ethics committee (REC) members in South Africa. Potential study participants were recruited through known hubs for biobanking in the country, online searches and the snowball sampling technique. A semi-structured face-to-face or Skype interview was arranged. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.
    Results: The emergent themes included: inconsistency in understanding consent models, disconnect between biobank researchers and biosample donors, inadequate processes to support re-consenting minors, inconsistent governance processes for biobanking research; challenges with sample and data sharing, and suboptimal strategies for benefit sharing and return of results. Biobanking practice in general appeared to be inconsistent and fragmented. While the need for consent in research is explicitly outlined in legislative documents, some respondents were unclear on the type of consent model to apply in biosample collection. They also reported inconsistencies in research participants' understanding of consent. Furthermore, these respondents' own understanding of consent and consent models were dependent on where they were positioned in biobanking practice (roles occupied). Respondents were unsure about the process to follow to re-consent child participants once the age of majority (≥ 18 years) was reached. It was not surprising that consent was identified as one of the major ethical challenges in biobanking practice. In certain settings, some respondents reported suboptimal governance processes for sample collection. Participants were generally unsure about how to operationalise benefit sharing and how to approach the idea of returning results to research participants and biobank donors.
    Conclusion: The study findings indicated inconsistencies in stakeholder understanding of ethico-legal considerations related to biobanking in South Africa. A need for ongoing ethics capacity development among stakeholders was identified. Improving understanding of the ethics of biobanking could be facilitated by acknowledging the disconnect created by biosamples in the relationship between biobank researchers and donors.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Biomedical Research ; Child ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; South Africa
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2041552-7
    ISSN 1472-6939 ; 1472-6939
    ISSN (online) 1472-6939
    ISSN 1472-6939
    DOI 10.1186/s12910-021-00645-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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