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  1. Artikel: Plethora of adverse drug reactions in geriatric population receiving statin therapy for dyslipidaemia.

    Padhye, Mugdha R / Yadav, Nikhil S

    Journal of family medicine and primary care

    2022  Band 11, Heft 7, Seite(n) 3726–3729

    Abstract: Background: Hyperlipidemia plays a major role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Statins are considered to be the most efficacious drugs in the management of hyperlipidemia and this class of drugs is most commonly prescribed for the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hyperlipidemia plays a major role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Statins are considered to be the most efficacious drugs in the management of hyperlipidemia and this class of drugs is most commonly prescribed for the treatment of hyperlipidemias. Although statin therapy has transformed the management of hyperlipidemia, it is associated with the skeletal muscle, neurological, and metabolic adverse effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the adverse effects of statin therapy in a geriatric population which may help in understanding whether these effects are dose-dependent.
    Methods: The study was conducted on 200 patients receiving statin therapy (atorvastatin and rosuvastatin) for hyperlipidemias. They were divided into four groups depending on the prescribed dose of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. All study subjects were followed up for 6 months. The adverse effects reported by them during the statin therapy were documented and analyzed.
    Results: All patients reported adverse effects after the initiation of statin therapy. Headache and muscle symptoms were among the most commonly reported adverse effects. There was no serious adverse effect (SAE). None of the adverse effects led to the discontinuation of the statin therapy.
    Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that all patients receiving statin therapy experience one or more adverse effects during the therapy. The adverse effects were not found to be severe in the geriatric age group.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-07-22
    Erscheinungsland India
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2735275-4
    ISSN 2278-7135 ; 2249-4863
    ISSN (online) 2278-7135
    ISSN 2249-4863
    DOI 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2205_21
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Reconstructed diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the RT-PCR test for COVID-19

    Padhye, Nikhil S

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Background. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting select genes of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been the main diagnostic tool in the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the diagnostic accuracy of the test ... ...

    Abstract Background. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting select genes of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been the main diagnostic tool in the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the diagnostic accuracy of the test has not been studied systematically outside of the laboratory setting. The aim of this study is to provide estimates of the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the RT-PCR test developed by China CDC. Methods. The study design is a secondary analysis of published findings on 1014 patients in Wuhan, China, of whom 601 tested positive and 413 were negative for COVID-19. Sensitivity and specificity were reconstructed using a Bayesian approach from probabilistic knowledge of the diagnostic errors. Predictive values of the test were calculated, resulting in estimates for the number of confirmatory tests that are needed for establishing the presence or absence of COVID-19, depending on the prior probability of a patient having the disease. Results. The sensitivity of the RT-PCR diagnostic test was estimated to be 0.777 (95% CI: 0.715, 0.849), while the specificity was 0.988 (95% CI: 0.933, 1.000). The confidence intervals include sampling error in addition to the error due to probabilistic knowledge of the data. Discussion. The Chinese version of the RT-PCR test had a conspicuous rate of false negative results, likely missing between 15% and 29% of patients with COVID-19. For a patient with a prior probability of COVID-19 greater than 18%, at least two negative test results would be needed to lower the chances of COVID-19 below 5%. Caution is advised in generalizing these findings to other versions of the RT-PCR test that are being used in diverse geographic regions.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-04-29
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.04.24.20078949
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  3. Buch ; Online: Dilatational-Plasticity Opens a New Mechanistic Pathway for Macromolecular Transport Across Polymeric Interfaces Yielding Solid-State Bonding

    Padhye, Nikhil / Vallabh, Ajay

    2022  

    Abstract: Bonding between polymeric interfaces is encountered widely in several industrial applications. Many of these bonding processes rely on time-consuming and temperature-dependent classical mechanism of polymer interdiffusion via reptation in a melt state. ... ...

    Abstract Bonding between polymeric interfaces is encountered widely in several industrial applications. Many of these bonding processes rely on time-consuming and temperature-dependent classical mechanism of polymer interdiffusion via reptation in a melt state. Here, for the first time, we report a new mechanistic pathway for achieving solid-state polymer bonding by triggering rapid macromolecular acceleration through mechanical deformation. Large-scale molecular simulations reveal that active plastic deformation in glassy polymers, at temperatures well-below the bulk (and surface) glass transition temperatures, is sufficient to cause segmental translations of the polymer chains that lead to interfacial interpenetrations, and formation of new entanglements. The underlying mechanistic basis for this new type of bonding is identified as enhanced molecular-scale dilatations (or densifications) in conjunction with accelerated molecular mobility during plastic deformation. The reported mechanistic insights open promising avenues for designing new bonding technologies or material systems, and transformation of the existing ones to achieve quick and energetically less intensive bonding.
    Schlagwörter Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 540
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-05-08
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Pressure Injury Link to Entropy of Abdominal Temperature.

    Padhye, Nikhil / Rios, Denise / Fay, Vaunette / Hanneman, Sandra K

    Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Band 24, Heft 8

    Abstract: This study examined the association between pressure injuries and complexity of abdominal temperature measured in residents of a nursing facility. The temperature served as a proxy measure for skin thermoregulation. Refined multiscale sample entropy and ... ...

    Abstract This study examined the association between pressure injuries and complexity of abdominal temperature measured in residents of a nursing facility. The temperature served as a proxy measure for skin thermoregulation. Refined multiscale sample entropy and bubble entropy were used to measure the irregularity of the temperature time series measured over two days at 1-min intervals. Robust summary measures were derived for the multiscale entropies and used in predictive models for pressure injuries that were built with adaptive lasso regression and neural networks. Both types of entropies were lower in the group of participants with pressure injuries (n=11) relative to the group of non-injured participants (n=15). This was generally true at the longer temporal scales, with the effect peaking at scale τ=22 min for sample entropy and τ=23 min for bubble entropy. Predictive models for pressure injury on the basis of refined multiscale sample entropy and bubble entropy yielded 96% accuracy, outperforming predictions based on any single measure of entropy. Combining entropy measures with a widely used risk assessment score led to the best prediction accuracy. Complexity of the abdominal temperature series could therefore serve as an indicator of risk of pressure injury.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-08-15
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2014734-X
    ISSN 1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
    ISSN (online) 1099-4300
    ISSN 1099-4300
    DOI 10.3390/e24081127
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Validation of Self-Reported Attachment Classification Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Parents of Young Children.

    Cain, Cary M / Mandell, Dorothy J / Padhye, Nikhil S / Rozmus, Cathy L

    Nursing research

    2022  Band 72, Heft 2, Seite(n) 150–157

    Abstract: Background: The Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) was developed to measure individual differences in insecure adult attachment and was suitable for populations that may have minimal or no experience in romantic relationships. The measure was ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) was developed to measure individual differences in insecure adult attachment and was suitable for populations that may have minimal or no experience in romantic relationships. The measure was previously validated on homogenous populations.
    Objectives: The purpose of this study was to verify construct validity and internal consistency of the ASQ among an ethnically and racially diverse sample of caregivers of young children ages birth to 3 years.
    Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we examined the psychometric properties of the ASQ. A racially and ethnically diverse sample of caregivers of young children (birth to 3 years old) completed the 40-item measure. Factor analyses and internal consistency analyses were conducted.
    Results: Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the previously published factor structures were not a good fit for this diverse sample. Exploratory factor analysis with promax rotation revealed a four-factor solution among 16 items, including relationship anxiety, relationships as secondary, discomfort with closeness, and relationship distrust. Adequate internal consistency was noted for the factors, and structural invariance was confirmed across Hispanic and non-Hispanic ethnicities.
    Discussion: Nurse scientists and practitioners should take caution when using or developing indices based on previous research. There should be consideration of structural stability and replication across the intended population.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adult ; Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Self Report ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Psychometrics ; Factor Analysis, Statistical
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-12-09
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80332-7
    ISSN 1538-9847 ; 0029-6562
    ISSN (online) 1538-9847
    ISSN 0029-6562
    DOI 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000634
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel: Associations Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and New Nurses' Transition to Practice Outcomes: A Multi-site, Longitudinal Study.

    Djukic, Maja / Padhye, Nikhil / Ke, Zhichun / Yu, Erica / McVey, Caitlin / Manuel, Warisara / Short, Yashamika / Pine, Rosemary / Caligone, Shamail

    Journal of nursing regulation

    2023  Band 14, Heft 1, Seite(n) 42–49

    Abstract: Background: The transition between nursing school and nursing practice has been well studied and recognized as a turbulent time for new nurses. Existing literature suggests that transition to practice (TTP) programs can successfully support new nurses ... ...

    Abstract Background: The transition between nursing school and nursing practice has been well studied and recognized as a turbulent time for new nurses. Existing literature suggests that transition to practice (TTP) programs can successfully support new nurses through this challenging period. However, TTP program outcomes have not been studied related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which altered TTP experiences for many new nurses by limiting their access to clinical sites for hands-on patient care experience and shifting delivery of nursing education and TTP programs from in-person to virtual environments.
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the associations between TTP outcomes and the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Methods: This was a retrospective correlational, longitudinal study using secondary analysis of Vizient /AACN Nurse Residency Program survey data from the Casey-Fink Graduate Nurse Experience Survey and the Nurse Resident Progression Survey. Self-reported data from new nurses in Southeast Texas who participated in a standardized TTP program before the COVID-19 pandemic (2017-2019) were compared with self-reported data from nurses who participated in the TTP program during the pandemic (2020 and 2021).
    Results: A total of 2,673 nurses participated in this study. When adjusting for demographic composition of the cohorts, statistically significant differences (
    Conclusion: Our findings provide new information on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on new nurses' participating in a standardized TTP program. The results indicate that patient safety and commitment to staying employed in the organization and the nursing profession should be priority improvement areas for employers and TTP program staff as they work to support new nurses' TTP in a pandemic.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-05
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 2155-8256
    ISSN 2155-8256
    DOI 10.1016/S2155-8256(23)00067-4
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Digital image post processing techniques for taxonomic publications with reference to insects

    Nikhil Joshi / Hemant Ghate / Sameer Padhye

    Journal of Threatened Taxa, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 15173-

    2020  Band 15180

    Abstract: There exists substantial literature for capturing digital images of insect specimens for taxonomy purposes but very few papers are available on post processing of these images. We present a few techniques for editing digital images of insects using Adobe® ...

    Abstract There exists substantial literature for capturing digital images of insect specimens for taxonomy purposes but very few papers are available on post processing of these images. We present a few techniques for editing digital images of insects using Adobe® Photoshop® which can be performed in a relatively short amount of time. The results clearly show that techniques using a combination of options like Curves, Dodge/Burn, Hue/Saturation and Lab Color mode in the software, enhance the quality of the original image without changing any taxonomic information. These methods applied in different combinations can be used for taxonomy of any insect taxon. We also caution the readers of the abuse of such techniques in context of taxonomy.
    Schlagwörter adobe® photoshop® ; beetles ; insects ; lab color ; purple fringing ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  8. Artikel ; Online: COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake, Infection Rates, and Seropositivity Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness in the United States.

    Santa Maria, Diane M / Padhye, Nikhil / Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis / Grimes, Carolyn Z / Nyamathi, Adeline / Lightfoot, Marguerita / Quadri, Yasmeen / Paul, Mary E / Jones, Jennifer Torres

    Nursing research

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: People experiencing homelessness are at greater risk of exposure and poor health outcomes from COVID-19. Yet, little data exists on the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 among homeless populations. To mitigate the spread and severity, ... ...

    Abstract Background: People experiencing homelessness are at greater risk of exposure and poor health outcomes from COVID-19. Yet, little data exists on the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 among homeless populations. To mitigate the spread and severity, uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is needed. This can be challenging among youth experiencing homelessness who are more likely to be unvaccinated when compared to stably housed youth.
    Objective: We conducted this study to determine the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 among youth experiencing homelessness.
    Methods: We examined experiences of COVID-19 symptoms, self-report of infection, rates of COVID-19 antibodies and distinguished between natural and vaccinated immunity among youth experiencing homelessness (N = 265) recruited in one large metropolitan area in the South.
    Results: Based on self-report, very few participants experienced any symptoms, and 80% had never been diagnosed with COVID-19. Of those with COVID-19 antibodies (68%), the proportion with antibodies resulting from natural infection was 44%. The vaccination rate was 42%. Younger and vaccinated participants and those in shelters were likelier to have COVID-19 antibodies. Black and Hispanic youth were more likely than White youth to have had COVID-19. Those who adopted only one or two prevention behaviors were more likely to acquire a natural infection than those who adopted three or more prevention behaviors.
    Discussion: Youth experiencing homelessness report low vaccination rates, disrupted access to health care and social supports, and underlying chronic conditions, which may explain why they face poorer outcomes when infected with COVID-19. Vaccination and risk mitigation strategies to combat the high prevalence of COVID-19 are especially needed for sheltered youth who are at high risk yet are often asymptomatic.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-05-13
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80332-7
    ISSN 1538-9847 ; 0029-6562
    ISSN (online) 1538-9847
    ISSN 0029-6562
    DOI 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000747
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Effect of self-monitoring clusters on weight and hemoglobin A1c.

    Padhye, Nikhil S / Jing Wang

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

    2017  Band 2016, Seite(n) 275–278

    Abstract: We investigated whether participants with higher adherence to smartphone or paper-based self-monitoring of diet, physical activity, blood glucose, and body weight have a beneficial impact on their body weight and hemoglobin A1c measures over a 3-month ... ...

    Abstract We investigated whether participants with higher adherence to smartphone or paper-based self-monitoring of diet, physical activity, blood glucose, and body weight have a beneficial impact on their body weight and hemoglobin A1c measures over a 3-month period. Data were combined from two intervention studies that recruited overweight or obese participants with type 2 diabetes. Three clusters of adherence to self-monitoring were identified. Participants in a cluster with high adherence to self-monitoring of diet and moderate adherence to glucose self-monitoring were found to have the biggest reductions in weight and hemoglobin A1c, as compared to clusters with either high or low adherence to self-monitoring of all four factors.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/methods ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Exercise ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Patient Compliance ; Young Adult
    Chemische Substanzen Blood Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin A
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2017-03-08
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ISSN 2694-0604
    ISSN (online) 2694-0604
    DOI 10.1109/EMBC.2016.7590693
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Sex, race, ADHD, and prior concussions as predictors of concussion recovery in adolescents.

    Aggarwal, Seema S / Ott, Summer D / Padhye, Nikhil S / Schulz, Paul E

    Brain injury

    2020  Band 34, Heft 6, Seite(n) 809–817

    Abstract: Objective: Concussions in adolescents are a growing public health concern as the popularity of high school sports increases. The aim of this study was to identify clinical (e.g., prior concussion, migraine history, learning disabilities/attention ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Concussions in adolescents are a growing public health concern as the popularity of high school sports increases. The aim of this study was to identify clinical (e.g., prior concussion, migraine history, learning disabilities/attention deficit hyperactivity disorders [ADHD]) and demographic factors (e.g., sex, race, health insurance, mechanism of injury/sport, education) that predict concussion recovery times.
    Design: In a retrospective cohort study of adolescents 13-19 years old evaluated for an acute concussion (≤ 10 days from injury), recovery times were calculated from the date of concussive injury to the date of clearance to return to play or normal activities.
    Results: The sample (N = 227) was primarily male (75%), and the median age was 15 years. Predictors of protracted recovery were ADHD (hazard ratio [HR] =.449, 95% confidence interval [CI] =.272-.741,
    Conclusions: Further research is needed to examine the role of sex, race, ADHD, and concussion history on concussion outcomes.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adolescent ; Athletic Injuries/complications ; Athletic Injuries/epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology ; Brain Concussion/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Learning Disabilities ; Male ; Retrospective Studies
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-03-22
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639115-1
    ISSN 1362-301X ; 0269-9052
    ISSN (online) 1362-301X
    ISSN 0269-9052
    DOI 10.1080/02699052.2020.1740942
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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