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  1. Buch: Sex and gender differences in infection and treatments for infectious diseases

    Klein, Sabra L. / Roberts, Craig W.

    2015  

    Verfasserangabe Sabra L. Klein ; Craig W. Roberts ed
    Schlagwörter immune response ; virus infection ; vaccination ; bacterial infection ; personalised treatment
    Sprache Englisch
    Umfang X, 400 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Verlag Springer
    Erscheinungsort Cham u.a.
    Erscheinungsland Schweiz
    Dokumenttyp Buch
    HBZ-ID HT018737541
    ISBN 978-3-319-16437-3 ; 3-319-16437-6 ; 9783319164380 ; 3319164384
    Datenquelle Katalog ZB MED Medizin, Gesundheit

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    SignaturLeihstatusStandort
    2015 A 3085 ausleihbar (Lesesaal) Lesesaal EG

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  2. Artikel: Effects of Biological Sex and Pregnancy on SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis and Vaccine Outcomes.

    Shapiro, Janna R / Roberts, Craig W / Arcovio, Kasandra / Reade, Lisa / Klein, Sabra L / Dhakal, Santosh

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    2023  Band 441, Seite(n) 75–110

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 in humans and has resulted in the death of millions of people worldwide. Similar numbers of infections have been documented in males and females; males, however, are more likely than females to be ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 in humans and has resulted in the death of millions of people worldwide. Similar numbers of infections have been documented in males and females; males, however, are more likely than females to be hospitalized, require intensive care unit, or die from COVID-19. The mechanisms that account for this are multi-factorial and are likely to include differential expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 molecules that are required for viral entry into hosts cells and sex differences in the immune response, which are due to modulation of cellular functions by sex hormones and differences in chromosomal gene expression. Furthermore, as comorbidities are also associated with poorer outcomes to SARS-CoV-2 infection and several comorbidities are overrepresented in males, these are also likely to contribute to the observed sex differences. Despite their relative better prognosis following infection with SARS-CoV-2, females do have poorer outcomes during pregnancy. This is likely to be due to pregnancy-induced changes in the immune system that adversely affect viral immunity and disruption of the renin-angiotensin system. Importantly, vaccination reduces the severity of disease in males and females, including pregnant females, and there is no evidence that vaccination has any adverse effects on the outcomes of pregnancy.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Vaccines ; Vaccination ; Virus Internalization
    Chemische Substanzen Vaccines
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-09-11
    Erscheinungsland Germany
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210099-X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-35139-6_4
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Ud II Zs.24: Hefte anzeigen Standort:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Artikel: An Exaggerated Immune Response in Female BALB/c Mice Controls Initial

    Alonaizan, Rasha / Woods, Stuart / Hargrave, Kerrie E / Roberts, Craig W

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Band 10, Heft 9

    Abstract: Studies indicate that female mice are more susceptible ... ...

    Abstract Studies indicate that female mice are more susceptible to
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-09-08
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens10091154
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Hand hygiene perceptions, preferences, and practices among hospital staff in the Dominican Republic in the context of COVID-19: a qualitative study.

    Craig, Christina E / Schnorr, Charles D / Then Paulino, Cecilia J / Payano, Eulogia Cristina / Guzmán, Paloma Martínez / Ripkey, Carrie / de St Aubin, Michael / Dumas, Devan / Roberts, Kathryn W / Duke, William / Skewes-Ramm, Ronald / Lozier, Matthew J / Nilles, Eric J

    Infection prevention in practice

    2024  Band 6, Heft 2, Seite(n) 100367

    Abstract: Background: Proper hand hygiene (HH), which includes sanitizing with alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) (or handwashing with soap and water if ABHR is unavailable), is key for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HCAI), including COVID-19. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Proper hand hygiene (HH), which includes sanitizing with alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) (or handwashing with soap and water if ABHR is unavailable), is key for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HCAI), including COVID-19. Understanding drivers of HH is key to improving adherence.
    Aim: This study aims to explore drivers and barriers to HH practice at two hospitals in the Dominican Republic in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic to inform development of HH behaviour change interventions.
    Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 hospital staff during September 2021. We used the COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour) model to explore HH experiences and preferences. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analysed using a thematic approach.
    Results: A total of 11 parent codes and 27 sub-codes were identified, and 1145 coded segments were analysed. Use of handwashing with soap and water and/or sanitizing with ABHR was reported by all participants; handwashing was generally preferred. Participants expressed knowledge of proper HH methods (capability), but inconsistent supplies and lack of time presented HH challenges (opportunity). Interviewees described practicing HH to protect themselves and their families from COVID-19 and other infections (reflective motivation) or out of habit (automatic motivation).
    Discussion: By understanding and addressing underlying factors affecting HH, hospitals can decrease the risk of HCAIs. Our findings suggest that interventions implemented to improve HH in these hospitals should target motivation and opportunity. These findings informed a multimodal intervention to increase ABHR access and implement message-tested communications campaigns; end-point assessments will provide insights into the intervention's impact.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-05-01
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 2590-0889
    ISSN (online) 2590-0889
    DOI 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100367
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: An Exaggerated Immune Response in Female BALB/c Mice Controls Initial Toxoplasma gondii Multiplication but Increases Mortality and Morbidity Relative to Male Mice

    Rasha Alonaizan / Stuart Woods / Kerrie E Hargrave / Craig W. Roberts

    Pathogens, Vol 10, Iss 1154, p

    2021  Band 1154

    Abstract: Studies indicate that female mice are more susceptible to T. gondii infection, as defined by higher mortality rates in comparison to male mice. However, whether this is due to an inability to control initial parasite multiplication or due to detrimental ... ...

    Abstract Studies indicate that female mice are more susceptible to T. gondii infection, as defined by higher mortality rates in comparison to male mice. However, whether this is due to an inability to control initial parasite multiplication or due to detrimental effects of the immune system has not been determined. Therefore, the following studies were undertaken to determine the influence of sex on early parasite multiplication and the immune response during T. gondii infection and to correlate this with disease outcome. Early parasite replication was studied through applying an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) with luciferase expressing T. gondii . In parallel immunological events were studied by cytometric bead array to quantify key immunological mediators. The results confirmed the previous findings that female mice are more susceptible to acute infection, as determined by higher mortality rates and weight loss compared with males. However, conflicting with expectations, female mice had lower parasite burdens during the acute infection than male mice. Female mice also exhibited significantly increased production of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), Interferon (IFN)-γ, and Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α than male mice. MCP-1 was found to be induced by T. gondii in a dose dependent manner suggesting that the observed increased levels detected in female mice was due to a host-mediated sex difference rather than due to parasite load. However, MCP-1 was not affected by physiological concentration of estrogen or testosterone, indicating that MCP-1 differences observed between the sexes in vivo are due to an as yet unidentified intermediary factor that in turn influences MCP-1 levels. These results suggest that a stronger immune response in female mice compared with male mice enhances their ability to control parasite replication but increases their morbidity and mortality.
    Schlagwörter Toxoplasma gondii ; sex differences ; immune response ; IVIS ; parasite burdens ; MCP-1 ; Medicine ; R
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

    Volltext online

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  6. Artikel: Limited Impact of the Protein Corona on the Cellular Uptake of PEGylated Zein Micelles by Melanoma Cancer Cells.

    Meewan, Jitkasem / Somani, Sukrut / Laskar, Partha / Irving, Craig / Mullin, Margaret / Woods, Stuart / Roberts, Craig W / Alzahrani, Abdullah R / Ferro, Valerie A / McGill, Suzanne / Weidt, Stefan / Burchmore, Richard / Dufès, Christine

    Pharmaceutics

    2022  Band 14, Heft 2

    Abstract: The formation of a protein layer "corona" on the nanoparticle surface upon entry into a biological environment was shown to strongly influence the interactions with cells, especially affecting the uptake of nanomedicines. In this work, we present the ... ...

    Abstract The formation of a protein layer "corona" on the nanoparticle surface upon entry into a biological environment was shown to strongly influence the interactions with cells, especially affecting the uptake of nanomedicines. In this work, we present the impact of the protein corona on the uptake of PEGylated zein micelles by cancer cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Zein was successfully conjugated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) of varying chain lengths (5K and 10K) and assembled into micelles. Our results demonstrate that PEGylation conferred stealth effects to the zein micelles. The presence of human plasma did not impact the uptake levels of the micelles by melanoma cancer cells, regardless of the PEG chain length used. In contrast, it decreased the uptake by macrophages and dendritic cells. These results therefore make PEGylated zein micelles promising as potential drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-02-18
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527217-2
    ISSN 1999-4923
    ISSN 1999-4923
    DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020439
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel: Tracking spatial regimes in animal communities: Implications for resilience-based management

    Roberts, Caleb P. / Uden, Daniel R. / Allen, Craig R. / Angeler, David G. / Powell, Larkin A. / Allred, Brady W. / Jones, Matthew O. / Maestas, Jeremy D. / Twidwell, Dirac

    Ecological indicators. 2022 Mar., v. 136

    2022  

    Abstract: Spatial regimes (the spatial extents of ecological states) exhibit strong spatiotemporal order as they expand or contract in response to retreating or encroaching adjacent spatial regimes (e.g., woody plant invasion of grasslands) and human management (e. ...

    Abstract Spatial regimes (the spatial extents of ecological states) exhibit strong spatiotemporal order as they expand or contract in response to retreating or encroaching adjacent spatial regimes (e.g., woody plant invasion of grasslands) and human management (e.g., fire treatments). New methods enable tracking spatial regime boundaries via vegetation landcover data, and this approach is being used for strategic management across biomes. A clear advancement would be incorporating animal community data to track spatial regime boundaries alongside vegetation data. In a 41,170-hectare grassland experiencing woody plant encroachment, we test the utility of using animal community data to track spatial regimes via two hypotheses. (H1) Spatial regime boundaries identified via independent vegetation and animal datasets will exhibit spatial synchrony; specifically, grassland:woodland bird community boundaries will synchronize with grass:woody vegetation boundaries. (H2) Negative feedbacks will stabilize spatial regimes identified via animal data; specifically, frequent fire treatments will stabilize grassland bird community boundaries. We used 26 years of bird community and vegetation data alongside 32 years of fire history data. We identified spatial regime boundaries with bird community data via a wombling approach. We identified spatial regime boundaries with vegetation data by calculating spatial covariance between remotely-sensed grass and woody plant cover per pixel. For fire history data, we calculated the cumulative number of fires per pixel. Setting bird boundary strength (wombling R² values) as the response variable, we tested our hypotheses with a hierarchical generalized additive model (HGAM). Both hypotheses were supported: animal boundaries synchronized with vegetation boundaries in space and time, and grassland bird communities stabilized as fire frequency increased (HGAM explained 38% of deviance). We can now track spatial regimes via animal community data pixel-by-pixel and year-by-year. Alongside vegetation boundary tracking, tracking animal community boundaries can inform the scale of management necessary to maintain animal communities endemic to desirable ecological states. Our approach will be especially useful for conserving animal communities requiring large-scale, unfragmented landscapes—like grasslands and steppes.
    Schlagwörter animal communities ; birds ; covariance ; data collection ; ecological invasion ; fire frequency ; fire history ; grasses ; humans ; land cover ; models ; remote sensing ; space and time ; woody plants
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2022-03
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2036774-0
    ISSN 1872-7034 ; 1470-160X
    ISSN (online) 1872-7034
    ISSN 1470-160X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108567
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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    Z 7436: Hefte anzeigen

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  8. Artikel: An Exaggerated Immune Response in Female BALB/c Mice Controls Initial Toxoplasma gondii Multiplication but Increases Mortality and Morbidity Relative to Male Mice

    Alonaizan, Rasha / Woods, Stuart / Hargrave, Kerrie E / Roberts, Craig W.

    Pathogens. 2021 Sept. 08, v. 10, no. 9

    2021  

    Abstract: Studies indicate that female mice are more susceptible to T. gondii infection, as defined by higher mortality rates in comparison to male mice. However, whether this is due to an inability to control initial parasite multiplication or due to detrimental ... ...

    Abstract Studies indicate that female mice are more susceptible to T. gondii infection, as defined by higher mortality rates in comparison to male mice. However, whether this is due to an inability to control initial parasite multiplication or due to detrimental effects of the immune system has not been determined. Therefore, the following studies were undertaken to determine the influence of sex on early parasite multiplication and the immune response during T. gondii infection and to correlate this with disease outcome. Early parasite replication was studied through applying an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) with luciferase expressing T. gondii. In parallel immunological events were studied by cytometric bead array to quantify key immunological mediators. The results confirmed the previous findings that female mice are more susceptible to acute infection, as determined by higher mortality rates and weight loss compared with males. However, conflicting with expectations, female mice had lower parasite burdens during the acute infection than male mice. Female mice also exhibited significantly increased production of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), Interferon (IFN)-γ, and Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α than male mice. MCP-1 was found to be induced by T. gondii in a dose dependent manner suggesting that the observed increased levels detected in female mice was due to a host-mediated sex difference rather than due to parasite load. However, MCP-1 was not affected by physiological concentration of estrogen or testosterone, indicating that MCP-1 differences observed between the sexes in vivo are due to an as yet unidentified intermediary factor that in turn influences MCP-1 levels. These results suggest that a stronger immune response in female mice compared with male mice enhances their ability to control parasite replication but increases their morbidity and mortality.
    Schlagwörter Toxoplasma gondii ; chemokine CCL2 ; dose response ; estrogens ; females ; immune response ; immune system ; luciferase ; males ; morbidity ; mortality ; parasite load ; parasites ; testosterone ; tumor necrosis factors ; weight loss
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2021-0908
    Erscheinungsort Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens10091154
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Buch: Sex and gender differences in infection and treatments for infectious diseases

    Klein, Sabra L / Roberts, Craig W

    2015  

    Verfasserangabe Sabra L. Klein, Craig W. Roberts, editors
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Communicable Diseases ; Sex Factors ; Sex Characteristics
    Sprache Englisch
    Umfang x, 400 pages :, illustrations
    Dokumenttyp Buch
    ISBN 9783319164373 ; 9783319164380 ; 3319164376 ; 3319164384
    Datenquelle Katalog der US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Multi-Omics Studies Demonstrate

    Hargrave, Kerrie E / Woods, Stuart / Millington, Owain / Chalmers, Susan / Westrop, Gareth D / Roberts, Craig W

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2019  Band 9, Seite(n) 309

    Abstract: Toxoplasma ... ...

    Abstract Toxoplasma gondii
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Arginine/metabolism ; Chemokines/metabolism ; Citric Acid Cycle ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glycolysis ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Multivariate Analysis ; Phosphorylation ; Toxoplasma/immunology ; Toxoplasma/metabolism ; Toxoplasma/pathogenicity ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/immunology ; Transcriptome ; Up-Regulation
    Chemische Substanzen Chemokines ; Cytokines ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-09-11
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00309
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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