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  1. Article ; Online: SarS and Rot are necessary for the repression of

    Anderson, Exene E / Ilmain, Juliana K / Torres, Victor J

    Microbiology spectrum

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) e0165623

    Abstract: Importance: The leukocidins play an important role in disarming the host immune system and promoting infection. While both SarS and Rot have been established as repressors of leukocidins, the importance of each repressor in infection is unclear. Here, ... ...

    Abstract Importance: The leukocidins play an important role in disarming the host immune system and promoting infection. While both SarS and Rot have been established as repressors of leukocidins, the importance of each repressor in infection is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that repression by SarS and Rot is not additive and show that in addition to upregulating expression of each other, they are also able to bind concurrently to the leukocidin promoters. These findings suggest that both repressors are necessary for maximal repression of
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism ; Leukocidins/genetics ; Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Exotoxins/genetics ; Exotoxins/metabolism ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Leukocidins ; Bacterial Toxins ; Bacterial Proteins ; Exotoxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.01656-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Note from a Concerned American Citizen, an

    Torres, Victor J

    Infection and immunity

    2017  Volume 85, Issue 12

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 218698-6
    ISSN 1098-5522 ; 0019-9567
    ISSN (online) 1098-5522
    ISSN 0019-9567
    DOI 10.1128/IAI.00702-17
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 684: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Staphylococcus aureus

    Savin, Avital / Anderson, Exene E / Dyzenhaus, Sophie / Podkowik, Magdalena / Shopsin, Bo / Pironti, Alejandro / Torres, Victor J

    Infection and immunity

    2024  Volume 92, Issue 2, Page(s) e0052623

    Abstract: Staphylococcus ... ...

    Abstract Staphylococcus aureus
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Neutrophils ; Hydrogen Peroxide/toxicity ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Virulence Factors/genetics ; Virulence Factors/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Leukocidins ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V) ; Virulence Factors ; Bacterial Proteins ; Leukocidins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218698-6
    ISSN 1098-5522 ; 0019-9567
    ISSN (online) 1098-5522
    ISSN 0019-9567
    DOI 10.1128/iai.00526-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 684: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Oral infectivity through carnivorism in murine model of

    Torres, Víctor / Contreras, Víctor / Gutiérrez, Bessy / San Francisco, Juan / Catalán, Alejandro / Vega, José Luis / Moon, Kyung-Mee / Foster, Leonard J / de Almeida, Rafael F / Kalergis, Alexis M / González, Jorge

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2024  Volume 14, Page(s) 1297099

    Abstract: Introduction: Oral transmission of : Methods: Cell infectivity assays were performed on AGS cells in the presence or absence of mucin, and the roles of pepsin and acidic pH were determined. Moreover, groups of five female Balb/c mice were fed with ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Oral transmission of
    Methods: Cell infectivity assays were performed on AGS cells in the presence or absence of mucin, and the roles of pepsin and acidic pH were determined. Moreover, groups of five female Balb/c mice were fed with muscle tissue obtained from mice in the acute phase of infection by the clone H510 C8C3
    Results: Trypomastigote migration in the presence of mucin was reduced by approximately 30%, whereas in the presence of mucin and pepsin at pH 3.5, only a small proportion of parasites were able to migrate (∼6%). Similarly, the ability of TCTs to infect AGS cells in the presence of mucin is reduced by approximately 20%. In all cases, 60-100% of the animals were fed meat from mice infected in the acute phase or infected with trypomastigotes or amastigotes developed high parasitemia, and 80% died around day 40 post-infection. The adhesion assay showed that cruzipain is a molecule of trypomastigotes and amastigotes that binds to AGS cells. LC-MS/MS and bioinformatics analysis, also confirmed that transialidase, cysteine proteinases, and gp63 may be involved in TCTs attachment or invasion of human stomach cells because they can potentially interact with different proteins in the human stomach mucosa. In addition, several human gastric mucins have cysteine protease cleavage sites.
    Discussion: Then, under our experimental conditions, consuming meat from infected animals in the acute phase allows the
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Trypanosoma cruzi/metabolism ; Pepsin A/metabolism ; Parasitemia ; Disease Models, Animal ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Chagas Disease/parasitology ; Mucins ; Communicable Diseases
    Chemical Substances Pepsin A (EC 3.4.23.1) ; Mucins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1297099
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Defensosomes: a new role for autophagy proteins in innate immune defense.

    Ching, Krystal L / Torres, Victor J / Cadwell, Ken

    Autophagy

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 1887–1889

    Abstract: In recent years, the contribution of exosomes to immunity, inflammation and host-pathogen interaction have been appreciated. Exosomes are small secreted extracellular vesicles from endosomal origin that contain a myriad of cellular molecules (protein, ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, the contribution of exosomes to immunity, inflammation and host-pathogen interaction have been appreciated. Exosomes are small secreted extracellular vesicles from endosomal origin that contain a myriad of cellular molecules (protein, nucleic acids), including surface receptors. We have reported a pathogen-induced and macroautophagy/autophagy-dependent class of exosomes coined as "defensosomes", which protect the host from membrane-targeting toxins. In a recent study, we found that defensosomes decorated with ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 cellular receptor, are produced in the lungs of patients with COVID-19, and that increased concentration of ACE2-loaded defensosomes is associated with decreased hospitalization length. Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2 induces the production of ACE2-coated defensosomes, a process requiring the autophagy machinery, which in turn binds and neutralizes the virus. We propose that defensosomes represent a new form of autophagy-mediated innate immunity that contributes to the host's armamentarium against pathogens.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; Autophagy ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; Immunity, Innate ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Carrier Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2454135-7
    ISSN 1554-8635 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1554-8635
    ISSN 1554-8627
    DOI 10.1080/15548627.2022.2146894
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6741: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Characterization of tigurilysin, a novel human CD59-specific cholesterol-dependent cytolysin, reveals a role for host specificity in augmenting toxin activity.

    Shahi, Ifrah / Dongas, Sophia A / Ilmain, Juliana K / Torres, Victor J / Ratner, Adam J

    Microbiology (Reading, England)

    2023  Volume 169, Issue 9

    Abstract: Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a large family of pore-forming toxins, produced by numerous Gram-positive pathogens. CDCs depend on host membrane cholesterol for pore formation; some CDCs also require surface-associated human CD59 (hCD59) for ...

    Abstract Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a large family of pore-forming toxins, produced by numerous Gram-positive pathogens. CDCs depend on host membrane cholesterol for pore formation; some CDCs also require surface-associated human CD59 (hCD59) for binding, conferring specificity for human cells. We purified a recombinant version of a putative CDC encoded in the genome of
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Host Specificity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytotoxins/genetics ; Cholesterol ; Amino Acids ; CD59 Antigens/genetics
    Chemical Substances Cytotoxins ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Amino Acids ; CD59 protein, human (101754-01-2) ; CD59 Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1180712-x
    ISSN 1465-2080 ; 1350-0872
    ISSN (online) 1465-2080
    ISSN 1350-0872
    DOI 10.1099/mic.0.001393
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Regulation of Bacterial Two-Component Systems by Cardiolipin.

    Yeo, Won-Sik / Dyzenhaus, Sophie / Torres, Victor J / Brinsmade, Shaun R / Bae, Taeok

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: The composition of phospholipid membranes is critical to regulating the activity of membrane proteins for cellular functions. Cardiolipin is a unique phospholipid present within the bacterial membrane and mitochondria of eukaryotes and plays a role in ... ...

    Abstract The composition of phospholipid membranes is critical to regulating the activity of membrane proteins for cellular functions. Cardiolipin is a unique phospholipid present within the bacterial membrane and mitochondria of eukaryotes and plays a role in maintaining the function and stabilization of membrane proteins. Here, we report that, in the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, cardiolipin is required for full activity of the SaeRS two-component system (TCS). Deletion of the cardiolipin synthase genes,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.02.01.526740
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Proton-coupled transport mechanism of the efflux pump NorA.

    Li, Jianping / Li, Yan / Koide, Akiko / Kuang, Huihui / Torres, Victor J / Koide, Shohei / Wang, Da-Neng / Traaseth, Nathaniel J

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 4494

    Abstract: Efflux pump antiporters confer drug resistance to bacteria by coupling proton import with the expulsion of antibiotics from the cytoplasm. Despite efforts there remains a lack of understanding as to how acid/base chemistry drives drug efflux. Here, we ... ...

    Abstract Efflux pump antiporters confer drug resistance to bacteria by coupling proton import with the expulsion of antibiotics from the cytoplasm. Despite efforts there remains a lack of understanding as to how acid/base chemistry drives drug efflux. Here, we uncover the proton-coupling mechanism of the Staphylococcus aureus efflux pump NorA by elucidating structures in various protonation states of two essential acidic residues using cryo-EM. Protonation of Glu222 and Asp307 within the C-terminal domain stabilized the inward-occluded conformation by forming hydrogen bonds between the acidic residues and a single helix within the N-terminal domain responsible for occluding the substrate binding pocket. Remarkably, deprotonation of both Glu222 and Asp307 is needed to release interdomain tethering interactions, leading to opening of the pocket for antibiotic entry. Hence, the two acidic residues serve as a "belt and suspenders" protection mechanism to prevent simultaneous binding of protons and drug that enforce NorA coupling stoichiometry and confer antibiotic resistance.
    MeSH term(s) Protons ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry ; Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/chemistry ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Biological Transport ; Binding Sites ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Protein Conformation
    Chemical Substances Protons ; Bacterial Proteins ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; NorA protein, Staphylococcus (133135-40-7) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-48759-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Characterization of Tigurilysin, a Novel Human CD59-Specific Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysin, Reveals a Role for Host Specificity in Augmenting Toxin Activity.

    Shahi, Ifrah / Dongas, Sophia A / Ilmain, Juliana K / Torres, Victor J / Ratner, Adam J

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Cholesterol dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a large family of pore forming toxins, produced by numerous gram-positive pathogens. CDCs depend on host membrane cholesterol for pore formation; some CDCs also require surface associated human CD59 (hCD59) for ...

    Abstract Cholesterol dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a large family of pore forming toxins, produced by numerous gram-positive pathogens. CDCs depend on host membrane cholesterol for pore formation; some CDCs also require surface associated human CD59 (hCD59) for binding, conferring specificity for human cells. We purified a recombinant version of a putative CDC encoded in the genome of
    Importance: Cholesterol dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are produced by a variety of disease-causing bacteria, and may play a significant role in pathogenesis. Understanding CDC mechanisms of action provides useful information for developing anti-virulence strategies against bacteria that utilize CDCs and other pore-forming toxins in pathogenesis. This study describes for the first time a novel human-specific CDC with an atypical pore forming mechanism compared to known CDCs. In addition, this study demonstrates that human-specificity potentially confers increased lytic efficiency to CDCs. These data provide a possible explanation for the selective advantage of developing hCD59-dependency in CDCs and the consequent host restriction.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.06.21.545930
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Irrigation and Crop Load Management Lessen Rain-Induced Cherry Cracking.

    Blanco, Victor / Blaya-Ros, Pedro J / Torres-Sánchez, Roque / Domingo, Rafael

    Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 23

    Abstract: The combined effects of deficit irrigation and crop load level on sweet cherry ( ...

    Abstract The combined effects of deficit irrigation and crop load level on sweet cherry (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704341-1
    ISSN 2223-7747
    ISSN 2223-7747
    DOI 10.3390/plants11233249
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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