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  1. Artikel ; Online: Liver Stiffness at MR Elastography: A Surrogate Biomarker for Staging Liver Fibrosis, Predicting Clinical Outcomes, and Selecting Patients.

    Tang, An

    Radiology

    2024  Band 311, Heft 2, Seite(n) e240890

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging ; Liver/diagnostic imaging ; Liver/pathology ; Biomarkers/blood ; Patient Selection ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Prognosis
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-05-14
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 80324-8
    ISSN 1527-1315 ; 0033-8419
    ISSN (online) 1527-1315
    ISSN 0033-8419
    DOI 10.1148/radiol.240890
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Machine Learning for Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling.

    Tang, Albert

    Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

    2023  Band 112, Heft 5, Seite(n) 1460–1475

    Abstract: A variety of new recurrent neural networks (RNNs) including the ODE-LSTM, Phased LSTM, CTGRU and GRU-D, were evaluated on modeling irregularly sampled PK/PD data with 6 or 12 time points/day and predicting PD data of unseen dosing regimens and dosing ... ...

    Abstract A variety of new recurrent neural networks (RNNs) including the ODE-LSTM, Phased LSTM, CTGRU and GRU-D, were evaluated on modeling irregularly sampled PK/PD data with 6 or 12 time points/day and predicting PD data of unseen dosing regimens and dosing levels. The one-compartment absorption PK model and the Indirect PK/PD model I was used to simulate the PK/PD with inter-individual variabilities in volume of distribution and residual errors in PD measurement. The four RNNs were able to successfully model daily dose (QD) PK/PD and extrapolate to twice daily (BID) dose PD based on BID PK. The RNNs not only captured the additional fluctuations in the BID regimen but also the return phase to the baseline PD. However, extrapolating to unseen dose levels outside of the dose range for training proved to be challenging for all the RNNs tested. Only the GRUD demonstrated reasonable prediction results when extrapolating to unseen doses that were 3 or 10-fold outside the training doses. Overall, these new RNNs were able to overcome some limitations of previous RNNs evaluated and showed promise of integrating neural networks in PK/PD.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Neural Networks, Computer ; Machine Learning ; Models, Biological
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-01-17
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3151-3
    ISSN 1520-6017 ; 0022-3549
    ISSN (online) 1520-6017
    ISSN 0022-3549
    DOI 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.01.010
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel: Efficacy End Points and Dose Analysis of Food and Drug Administration-Approved Novel Drugs in 2020.

    Tang, Albert

    Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental

    2022  Band 97, Seite(n) 100680

    Abstract: Background: During 2020, the Food and Drug Administration approved 53 novel drugs.: Objective: Biomarkers, surrogate endpoints and dosing regimens used in early and pivotal clinical stages are evaluated.: Methods: Information on various efficacy ... ...

    Abstract Background: During 2020, the Food and Drug Administration approved 53 novel drugs.
    Objective: Biomarkers, surrogate endpoints and dosing regimens used in early and pivotal clinical stages are evaluated.
    Methods: Information on various efficacy end points of 2020 Food and Drug Administration approved novel drugs was gathered from the Drug Approvals and Databases page of the Food and Drug Administration website. Endpoint data from efficacy end points for the 2019 approved novel drugs by Tong and Wang are used as a comparison.
    Results: Among the 53 drugs approved during 2020, 49 were for treatment of various diseases and 4 were for diagnostics. Twenty-five drug approvals (51%, relative to 49 drugs for treatment of diseases) were based on surrogate end points, consisting of 12 accelerated approvals and 13 regular approvals. There were 19 drug approvals for cancer treatments (39%, relative to 49 drugs for treatment of diseases). During 2019, there were 48 drugs approved. Forty-four were for treatment of various diseases and 4 were for diagnostics. Fourteen drug approvals (32%, relative to 44 drugs for treatment of diseases) were based on surrogate end points, consisting of 9 accelerated approvals and 5 regular approvals. There were 10 drug approvals for cancer treatments (23%, relative to 44 drugs for treatment of diseases).The approved doses were usually much closer to the highest dose tested in clinical trials (about 2-fold lower) compared with the lower dose tested in clinical trials (about 11-fold higher). Large and variable distances between the starting low dose in humans and the final approved doses indicate that finding the optimal dose in clinical trials is still a time-consuming and costly process. Further dose analysis for cancer drugs approved during 2020 showed that the distances between the starting dose in human beings and the final approved doses of cancer drugs were still large and variable, similar to distances in noncancer drugs. Stratification of drugs approved in 2020 by molecular weights shows that small molecular weights (<1000 Daltons) appeared to be smaller and less variable than those for drugs with large molecules (>1000 Daltons). (
    Conclusions: Surrogate end points with accelerated approval have been widely used for approvals, with an increasing trend from 2019 to 2020 (32% vs. 51%). The approved doses usually were much higher (10-fold) than the lowest tested dose in first-in-human trials, while much closer (2-fold lower) to the highest dose tested in clinical trials.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-07-01
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205697-5
    ISSN 1879-0313 ; 0011-393X
    ISSN (online) 1879-0313
    ISSN 0011-393X
    DOI 10.1016/j.curtheres.2022.100680
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Buch ; Online: Implementation of Formal Semantics and the Potential of Non-Classical Logic Systems for the Enhancement of Access Control Models

    Tang, Alvin

    A Literature Review

    2023  

    Abstract: This literature review discovers an implementation of formal logic systems in cyber security by enhancing access control models. We explore the characteristics of the existing access control theories, their limitations and how classical logic is used ... ...

    Abstract This literature review discovers an implementation of formal logic systems in cyber security by enhancing access control models. We explore the characteristics of the existing access control theories, their limitations and how classical logic is used therein. We then delve into the possibility of utilising non-classical logic systems for improving the models. In particular, we explore how classical logic can be used to describe and prove the correctness of role-based access control and attribute-based access control models.

    Comment: 10 pages
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science ; Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ; F.4.1 ; D.4.6
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-08-23
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  5. Artikel ; Online: The Slippery Slopes of Climate Engineering Research

    Tang, Aaron

    Global Environmental Change. 2023 May, v. 80 p.102674-

    2023  

    Abstract: Climate engineering research attracts Slippery Slope concerns – the idea that initial research will inevitably lead to inappropriate deployment. Some have dismissed it as an unrealistic, unproductive critique. However, extant climate engineering ... ...

    Abstract Climate engineering research attracts Slippery Slope concerns – the idea that initial research will inevitably lead to inappropriate deployment. Some have dismissed it as an unrealistic, unproductive critique. However, extant climate engineering discussions of the Slippery Slope discuss an unorganised set of different causal mechanisms with little detail. These range from technological cost reduction, to the creation of special interest lobby groups, to normalisation across society and policymakers. Dismissing the Slippery Slope may be premature if its causal nature is unclear, especially given the potentially high impacts and controversy of global climate engineering deployment. Disaggregating and clarifying the Slippery Slope can reduce unnecessary ambiguity, promote productive debate, and highlight risks that require further attention. Drawing on previous Slippery Slope literature and mechanisms of change from range of disciplines, this paper creates a typology of Slippery Slopes for application to stratospheric aerosol injection and other emerging technologies. Initial research can lead to deployment by 1) sparking price-performance improvements and sunk cost biases, 2) contributing to normalisation and legitimisation, 3) altering power structures, 4) sparking hype, and 5) incrementally progressing development. These feedback loops may currently seem unlikely, but unforeseen dynamics could still trigger rapid development and implementation of stratospheric aerosol injection. Conversely, there is no guarantee one of these Slippery Slopes will occur. The point is that they could – the future is too uncertain to fully dismiss non-linear change, particularly for high impact and accessible technologies like stratospheric aerosol injection. This can provide direction and clarity for effective technology governance and Slippery Slope discussion. Furthermore, this typology differentiates the Slippery Slope from lock-in and highlights their interaction points. Slippery Slope dynamics are processes that can (but are not guaranteed to) lead to different types of lock-in. Lock-in is when a technology is entrenched in existing sociotechnical systems. Given the risks of unchecked undesired lock-in, lock-in is a state to be encouraged instead of avoided.
    Schlagwörter aerosols ; climate ; cost effectiveness ; global change ; governance ; society ; stratosphere ; Stratospheric aerosol injection ; Climate engineering ; Slippery slope ; Innovation ; Lock-in
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2023-05
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    ZDB-ID 30436-0
    ISSN 1056-9367 ; 0959-3780
    ISSN 1056-9367 ; 0959-3780
    DOI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102674
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Editorial Comment: LI-RADS LR-2 and LR-3 Observations-Benign or Not Benign?

    Tang, An

    AJR. American journal of roentgenology

    2021  Band 218, Heft 3, Seite(n) 471

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-11-03
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 82076-3
    ISSN 1546-3141 ; 0361-803X ; 0092-5381
    ISSN (online) 1546-3141
    ISSN 0361-803X ; 0092-5381
    DOI 10.2214/AJR.21.27014
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  7. Artikel ; Online: Duchenne muscular dystrophy: promising early-stage clinical trials to watch.

    Tang, Annie / Yokota, Toshifumi

    Expert opinion on investigational drugs

    2024  Band 33, Heft 3, Seite(n) 201–217

    Abstract: Introduction: Current therapies are unable to cure Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a severe and common form of muscular dystrophy, and instead aim to delay disease progression. Several treatments currently in phase I trials could increase the number ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Current therapies are unable to cure Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a severe and common form of muscular dystrophy, and instead aim to delay disease progression. Several treatments currently in phase I trials could increase the number of therapeutic options available to patients.
    Areas covered: This review aims to provide an overview of current treatments undergoing or having recently undergone early-stage trials. Several exon-skipping and gene therapy approaches are currently being investigated at the clinical stage to address an unmet need for DMD treatments. This article also covers Phase I trials from the last 5 years that involve inhibitors, small molecules, a purified synthetic flavanol, a cell-based therapy, and repurposed cardiac or tumor medications.
    Expert opinion: With antisense oligonucleotide (AON) treatments making up the majority of conditionally approved DMD therapies, most of the clinical trials occurring within the last 5 years have also evaluated exon-skipping AONs. The approval of Elevidys, a micro-dystrophin therapy, is reflected in a recent trend toward gene transfer therapies in phase I DMD clinical trials, but their safety and efficacy are being established in this phase of development. Other Phase I clinical-stage approaches are diverse, but have a range in efficacy, safety, and endpoint measures.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Genetic Therapy ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/therapy ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/therapeutic use ; RNA Splicing ; Clinical Trials as Topic
    Chemische Substanzen Oligonucleotides, Antisense
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-06
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1182884-5
    ISSN 1744-7658 ; 0967-8298 ; 1354-3784
    ISSN (online) 1744-7658
    ISSN 0967-8298 ; 1354-3784
    DOI 10.1080/13543784.2024.2313105
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Using MRI to Assess Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

    Tang, An

    Radiology

    2020  Band 297, Heft 3, Seite(n) 582–583

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Observer Variation
    Chemische Substanzen gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA ; Gadolinium DTPA (K2I13DR72L)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-09-29
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80324-8
    ISSN 1527-1315 ; 0033-8419
    ISSN (online) 1527-1315
    ISSN 0033-8419
    DOI 10.1148/radiol.2020203376
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  9. Artikel ; Online: Editorial: Women in science: translational research in rehabilitation.

    Tang, Ada / Leung, Ada W S

    Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences

    2023  Band 4, Seite(n) 1306030

    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-26
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Editorial
    ISSN 2673-6861
    ISSN (online) 2673-6861
    DOI 10.3389/fresc.2023.1306030
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  10. Artikel: Diversifying the Flavor of Black Rice Wines through Three Different Regional Xiaoqus in China and Unraveling Their Core Functional Microorganisms.

    Tang, Aoxing / Peng, Bangzhu

    Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Band 12, Heft 19

    Abstract: The flavor of black rice wine (BRW) can be diversified by the Xiaoqus, from different regions; however, the functional microbiota that contributes to its flavor remains unclear. Accordingly, this study selected three regional Xiaoqus from Sichuan Dazhu ( ... ...

    Abstract The flavor of black rice wine (BRW) can be diversified by the Xiaoqus, from different regions; however, the functional microbiota that contributes to its flavor remains unclear. Accordingly, this study selected three regional Xiaoqus from Sichuan Dazhu (Q1), Jiangxi Yingtan (Q2), and Hubei Fangxian (Q3) as starters to investigate flavor compounds and microbial communities during BRW brewing. Results indicated that altogether 61 flavor substances were identified, 16 of which were common characteristic flavor compounds (odor activity value > 0.1). Each BRW possessed unique characteristic flavor compounds. O2PLS and Spearman's correlation analysis determined that characteristic flavor compounds of BRW were mainly produced by
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-09-26
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704223-6
    ISSN 2304-8158
    ISSN 2304-8158
    DOI 10.3390/foods12193576
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