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  1. Article ; Online: Microbiome is the key to preventing anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery.

    Kinross, James M

    Gut

    2024  Volume 73, Issue 2, Page(s) 212–214

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anastomotic Leak/prevention & control ; Colorectal Surgery ; Microbiota ; Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-329281
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Adoption of routine surgical video recording: a nationwide freedom of information act request across England and Wales.

    Yiu, Andrew / Lam, Kyle / Simister, Catherine / Clarke, Jonathan / Kinross, James

    EClinicalMedicine

    2024  Volume 70, Page(s) 102545

    Abstract: Background: Surgical video contains data with significant potential to improve surgical outcome assessment, quality assurance, education, and research. Current utilisation of surgical video recording is unknown and related policies/governance structures ...

    Abstract Background: Surgical video contains data with significant potential to improve surgical outcome assessment, quality assurance, education, and research. Current utilisation of surgical video recording is unknown and related policies/governance structures are unclear.
    Methods: A nationwide Freedom of Information (FOI) request concerning surgical video recording, technology, consent, access, and governance was sent to all acute National Health Service (NHS) trusts/boards in England/Wales between 20th February and 20th March 2023.
    Findings: 140/144 (97.2%) trusts/boards in England/Wales responded to the FOI request. Surgical procedures were routinely recorded in 22 trusts/boards. The median estimate of consultant surgeons routinely recording their procedures was 20%. Surgical video was stored on internal systems (n = 27), third-party products (n = 29), and both (n = 9). 32/140 (22.9%) trusts/boards ask for consent to record procedures as part of routine care. Consent for recording included non-clinical purposes in 55/140 (39.3%) trusts/boards. Policies for surgeon/patient access to surgical video were available in 48/140 (34.3%) and 32/140 (22.9%) trusts/boards, respectively. Surgical video was used for non-clinical purposes in 64/140 (45.7%) trusts/boards. Governance policies covering surgical video recording, use, and/or storage were available from 59/140 (42.1%) trusts/boards.
    Interpretation: There is significant heterogeneity in surgical video recording practices in England and Wales. A minority of trusts/boards routinely record surgical procedures, with large variation in recording/storage practices indicating scope for NHS-wide coordination. Revision of surgical video consent, accessibility, and governance policies should be prioritised by trusts/boards to protect key stakeholders. Increased availability of surgical video is essential for patients and surgeons to maximally benefit from the ongoing digital transformation of surgery.
    Funding: KL is supported by an NIHR Academic Clinical Fellowship and acknowledges infrastructure support for this research from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-5370
    ISSN (online) 2589-5370
    DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102545
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Race-specific differences in mucosal sulfidogenic bacteria modify colon cancer risk.

    Kinross, James

    Gut

    2017  Volume 66, Issue 11, Page(s) 1884–1885

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-313989
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Preparing the Bowel (Microbiome) for Surgery: Surgical Bioresilience.

    Paine, Heidi / Jones, Faye / Kinross, James

    Clinics in colon and rectal surgery

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 138–145

    Abstract: The preparation of the bowel for radical surgery is a corner stone of elective colorectal practice. The evidence for this intervention is of variable quality and it is often contradictory, yet there is now a global move toward the adoption of oral ... ...

    Abstract The preparation of the bowel for radical surgery is a corner stone of elective colorectal practice. The evidence for this intervention is of variable quality and it is often contradictory, yet there is now a global move toward the adoption of oral antibiotic therapy for the reduction of perioperative infective complications, such as surgical site infections. The gut microbiome is a critical mediator of the systemic inflammatory response to surgical injury, wound healing, and perioperative gut function. The loss of critical microbial symbiotic functions caused by bowel preparation and surgery has an adverse impact on surgical outcomes, yet the mechanisms through which this occurs are poorly defined. In this review, the evidence for bowel preparation strategies is critically appraised in the context of the gut microbiome. The impact of antibiotic therapy on the surgical gut microbiome and the importance of the intestinal "resistome" to surgical recovery is described. Data to support the augmentation of the microbiome through diet, probiotic and symbiotic approaches, as well as fecal transplantation are also appraised. Finally, we propose a novel strategy of bowel preparation defined as "
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2048635-2
    ISSN 1531-0043
    ISSN 1531-0043
    DOI 10.1055/s-0042-1760675
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Precision gaming for health: Computer games as digital medicine.

    Kinross, James M

    Methods (San Diego, Calif.)

    2018  Volume 151, Page(s) 28–33

    Abstract: Health based games have significant potential as therapeutic interventions due to the inherent mechanisms associated with social and individual game play and their capacity for sensor integration, data capture analysis and patient feedback. Moreover, ... ...

    Abstract Health based games have significant potential as therapeutic interventions due to the inherent mechanisms associated with social and individual game play and their capacity for sensor integration, data capture analysis and patient feedback. Moreover, they are low cost and they can be deployed at the point of care across an evolving digital ecosystem. However, a robust evidence base to support their wider adoption as a clinical intervention for chronic diseases is lacking and significant methodological barriers exist for health games developers creating efficacious 'digital medicines'. Game design is complex and it must utilise validated game mechanics balanced with a creative and engaging game design. The aim of this review is therefore to outline the fundamental steps of game development for health professionals and to critically appraise the methodology for assessing health games as medical interventions. This requires (1) The adoption of clearly defined global language for health games development based on a targeted function as therapeutic agents. (2) The development of multidisciplinary teams with a broad portfolio of development and clinical skill sets. (3) The creation of health game engines specifically built to facilitate clinical game development. (4) Robust trial design and assessment of translational impact: If games are to be prescribed, their efficacy and toxicity must be based on a rigorous assessment of their use within a real world clinical environment. Trials for precision health games have specific challenges around blinding, learning curves, bias and confounding that are particularly problematic. We propose the adoption of the IDEAL-GAMES framework for game development that systematically assess and validates games through open registries. In conclusion we propose a new framework for assessing the robustness and clinical efficacy of games for health as clinical interventions in the clinical environment.
    MeSH term(s) Behavior Therapy/methods ; Chronic Disease/therapy ; Humans ; Video Games
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1066584-5
    ISSN 1095-9130 ; 1046-2023
    ISSN (online) 1095-9130
    ISSN 1046-2023
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.09.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Human robotic surgery with intraoperative tissue identification using rapid evaporation ionisation mass spectrometry.

    Manoli, Eftychios / Higginson, James / Tolley, Neil / Darzi, Ara / Kinross, James / Temelkuran, Burak / Takats, Zoltan

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 1027

    Abstract: Instantaneous, continuous, and reliable information on the molecular biology of surgical target tissue could significantly contribute to the precision, safety, and speed of the intervention. In this work, we introduced a methodology for chemical tissue ... ...

    Abstract Instantaneous, continuous, and reliable information on the molecular biology of surgical target tissue could significantly contribute to the precision, safety, and speed of the intervention. In this work, we introduced a methodology for chemical tissue identification in robotic surgery using rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry. We developed a surgical aerosol evacuation system that is compatible with a robotic platform enabling consistent intraoperative sample collection and assessed the feasibility of this platform during head and neck surgical cases, using two different surgical energy devices. Our data showed specific, characteristic lipid profiles associated with the tissue type including various ceramides, glycerophospholipids, and glycerolipids, as well as different ion formation mechanisms based on the energy device used. This platform allows continuous and accurate intraoperative mass spectrometry-based identification of ablated/resected tissue and in combination with robotic registration of images, time, and anatomical positions can improve the current robot-assisted surgical platforms and guide surgical strategy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Physical Phenomena ; Robotics ; Ceramides ; Mass Spectrometry
    Chemical Substances Ceramides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-50942-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Can mixed reality technologies teach surgical skills better than traditional methods? A prospective randomised feasibility study.

    Guha, Payal / Lawson, Jason / Minty, Iona / Kinross, James / Martin, Guy

    BMC medical education

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 144

    Abstract: Background: Basic surgical skills teaching is often delivered with didactic audio-visual content, and new digital technologies may allow more engaging and effective ways of teaching to be developed. The Microsoft HoloLens 2 (HL2) is a multi-functional ... ...

    Abstract Background: Basic surgical skills teaching is often delivered with didactic audio-visual content, and new digital technologies may allow more engaging and effective ways of teaching to be developed. The Microsoft HoloLens 2 (HL2) is a multi-functional mixed reality headset. This prospective feasibility study sought to assess the device as a tool for enhancing technical surgical skills training.
    Methods: A prospective randomised feasibility study was conducted. 36 novice medical students were trained to perform a basic arteriotomy and closure using a synthetic model. Participants were randomised to receive a structured surgical skills tutorial via a bespoke mixed reality HL2 tutorial (n = 18), or via a standard video-based tutorial (n = 18). Proficiency scores were assessed by blinded examiners using a validated objective scoring system and participant feedback collected.
    Results: The HL2 group showed significantly greater improvement in overall technical proficiency compared to the video group (10.1 vs. 6.89, p = 0.0076), and a greater consistency in skill progression with a significantly narrower range of scores (SD 2.48 vs. 4.03, p = 0.026). Participant feedback showed the HL2 technology to be more interactive and engaging with minimal device related problems experienced.
    Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that mixed reality technology may provide a higher quality educational experience, improved skill progression and greater consistency in learning when compared to traditional teaching methodologies for basic surgical skills. Further work is required to refine, translate, and evaluate the scalability and applicability of the technology across a broad range of skills-based disciplines.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Augmented Reality ; Feasibility Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Technology ; Learning
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2044473-4
    ISSN 1472-6920 ; 1472-6920
    ISSN (online) 1472-6920
    ISSN 1472-6920
    DOI 10.1186/s12909-023-04122-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The role of the colonic microbiota and bile acids in colorectal cancer.

    Roberts, Duncan C / Chidambaram, Swathikan / Kinross, James M

    Current opinion in gastroenterology

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 179–188

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Of the various established risk factors for this aggressive condition, diet is a notable modifiable risk factor. This ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Of the various established risk factors for this aggressive condition, diet is a notable modifiable risk factor. This review aims to summarize the mounting evidence to suggest the role of diet, the microbiota and their cross-talk in modulating an individual's risk of developing CRC.
    Recent findings: Specifically, the metabolism of bile acids and its symbiosis with the microbiota has gained weight given its basis on a high meat, high fat, and low fibre diet that is present in populations with the highest risk of CRC. Bacteria modify bile acids that escape enterohepatic circulation to increase the diversity of the human bile acid pool. The production of microbial bile acids contributes to this as well. Epidemiological studies have shown that changing the diet results in different levels and composition of bile acids, which has in turn modified the risk of CRC at a population level. Evidence to identify underlying mechanisms have tied into the microbiota-led digestions of various foods into fatty acids that feedback into bile acid physiology as well as modulation of endogenous receptors for bile acids.
    Summary: There is adequate evidence to support the role of microbiota in in the metabolism of bile acids, and how this relates to colorectal cancer. Further work is necessary to identify specific bacteriome involved and their underlying mechanistic pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Bile Acids and Salts ; Colorectal Neoplasms/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Humans ; Microbiota
    Chemical Substances Bile Acids and Salts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632571-3
    ISSN 1531-7056 ; 0267-1379
    ISSN (online) 1531-7056
    ISSN 0267-1379
    DOI 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000816
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Preparing the Bowel (Microbiome) for Surgery: Surgical Bioresilience

    Paine, Heidi / Jones, Faye / Kinross, James

    Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery

    (Microbiome)

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 02, Page(s) 138–145

    Abstract: The preparation of the bowel for radical surgery is a corner stone of elective colorectal practice. The evidence for this intervention is of variable quality and it is often contradictory, yet there is now a global move toward the adoption of oral ... ...

    Series title Microbiome
    Abstract The preparation of the bowel for radical surgery is a corner stone of elective colorectal practice. The evidence for this intervention is of variable quality and it is often contradictory, yet there is now a global move toward the adoption of oral antibiotic therapy for the reduction of perioperative infective complications, such as surgical site infections. The gut microbiome is a critical mediator of the systemic inflammatory response to surgical injury, wound healing, and perioperative gut function. The loss of critical microbial symbiotic functions caused by bowel preparation and surgery has an adverse impact on surgical outcomes, yet the mechanisms through which this occurs are poorly defined. In this review, the evidence for bowel preparation strategies is critically appraised in the context of the gut microbiome. The impact of antibiotic therapy on the surgical gut microbiome and the importance of the intestinal “resistome” to surgical recovery is described. Data to support the augmentation of the microbiome through diet, probiotic and symbiotic approaches, as well as fecal transplantation are also appraised. Finally, we propose a novel strategy of bowel preparation defined as “ surgical bioresilience ” and define areas or prioritization in this emerging field. This describes the optimization of surgical intestinal homeostasis and core surgical exposome-microbiome interactions that regulate the wound immune microenvironment, the systemic inflammatory response to surgical injury, and gut function across the perioperative time course.
    Keywords bowel preparation ; gut microbiome ; surgical resistome ; bioresilience
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publisher Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2048635-2
    ISSN 1530-9681 ; 1531-0043
    ISSN (online) 1530-9681
    ISSN 1531-0043
    DOI 10.1055/s-0042-1760675
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  10. Article: Precision gaming for health: Computer games as digital medicine

    Kinross, James M

    Methods. 2018 Dec. 01, v. 151

    2018  

    Abstract: Health based games have significant potential as therapeutic interventions due to the inherent mechanisms associated with social and individual game play and their capacity for sensor integration, data capture analysis and patient feedback. Moreover, ... ...

    Abstract Health based games have significant potential as therapeutic interventions due to the inherent mechanisms associated with social and individual game play and their capacity for sensor integration, data capture analysis and patient feedback. Moreover, they are low cost and they can be deployed at the point of care across an evolving digital ecosystem. However, a robust evidence base to support their wider adoption as a clinical intervention for chronic diseases is lacking and significant methodological barriers exist for health games developers creating efficacious ‘digital medicines’. Game design is complex and it must utilise validated game mechanics balanced with a creative and engaging game design. The aim of this review is therefore to outline the fundamental steps of game development for health professionals and to critically appraise the methodology for assessing health games as medical interventions. This requires (1) The adoption of clearly defined global language for health games development based on a targeted function as therapeutic agents. (2) The development of multidisciplinary teams with a broad portfolio of development and clinical skill sets. (3) The creation of health game engines specifically built to facilitate clinical game development. (4) Robust trial design and assessment of translational impact: If games are to be prescribed, their efficacy and toxicity must be based on a rigorous assessment of their use within a real world clinical environment. Trials for precision health games have specific challenges around blinding, learning curves, bias and confounding that are particularly problematic. We propose the adoption of the IDEAL-GAMES framework for game development that systematically assess and validates games through open registries. In conclusion we propose a new framework for assessing the robustness and clinical efficacy of games for health as clinical interventions in the clinical environment.
    Keywords chronic diseases ; ecosystems ; games ; health care workers ; mechanics ; medical treatment ; medicine ; point-of-care systems ; toxicity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-1201
    Size p. 28-33.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1066584-5
    ISSN 1095-9130 ; 1046-2023
    ISSN (online) 1095-9130
    ISSN 1046-2023
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.09.009
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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