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  1. Artikel: Analysis of Metabolism in Dormant Spores of Bacillus Species by ³¹P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds

    Ghosh, Sonali / Korza, George / Maciejewski, Mark / Setlow, Peter

    Journal of bacteriology. 2015 Mar. 1, v. 197, no. 5

    2015  

    Abstract: ... and dormant spore metabolism was monitored by ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis ...

    Abstract This work was undertaken to obtain information on levels of metabolism in dormant spores of Bacillus species incubated for weeks at physiological temperatures. Spores of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis strains were harvested shortly after release from sporangia and incubated under various conditions, and dormant spore metabolism was monitored by ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of molecules including 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3PGA) and ribonucleotides. Incubation for up to 30 days at 4, 37, or 50°C in water, at 37 or 50°C in buffer to raise the spore core pH from ∼ 6.3 to 7.8, or at 4°C in spent sporulation medium caused no significant changes in ribonucleotide or 3PGA levels. Stage I germinated spores of Bacillus megaterium that had slightly increased core water content and a core pH of 7.8 also did not degrade 3PGA and accumulated no ribonucleotides, including ATP, during incubation for 8 days at 37°C in buffered saline. In contrast, spores incubated for up to 30 days at 37 or 50°C in spent sporulation medium degraded significant amounts of 3PGA and accumulated ribonucleotides, indicative of RNA degradation, and these processes were increased in B. megaterium spores with a core pH of ∼7.8. However, no ATP was accumulated in these spores. These data indicate that spores of Bacillus species stored in water or buffer at low or high temperatures exhibited minimal, if any, metabolism of endogenous compounds, even when the spore core pH was 7.8 and core water content was increased somewhat. However, there was some metabolism in spores stored in spent sporulation medium.
    Schlagwörter 3-phosphoglyceric acid ; Bacillus megaterium ; Bacillus subtilis ; RNA ; adenosine triphosphate ; metabolism ; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; pH ; ribonucleotides ; sporangia ; spores ; sporulation ; temperature ; water content
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2015-0301
    Umfang p. 992-1001.
    Erscheinungsort American Society for Microbiology
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2968-3
    ISSN 1098-5530 ; 0021-9193
    ISSN (online) 1098-5530
    ISSN 0021-9193
    DOI 10.1128/JB.02520-14
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: New Thoughts on an Old Topic: Secrets of Bacterial Spore Resistance Slowly Being Revealed.

    Setlow, Peter / Christie, Graham

    Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR

    2023  Band 87, Heft 2, Seite(n) e0008022

    Abstract: The quest for bacterial survival is exemplified by spores formed by ... ...

    Abstract The quest for bacterial survival is exemplified by spores formed by some
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Spores, Bacterial/genetics ; Spores, Bacterial/chemistry ; Spores, Bacterial/metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays ; DNA Damage ; Mutation ; Water/analysis ; Water/metabolism ; Bacillus subtilis/genetics ; Bacillus subtilis/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; DNA, Bacterial/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Bacterial Proteins ; DNA, Bacterial
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-16
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1376131-6
    ISSN 1098-5557 ; 1070-6275 ; 1092-2172
    ISSN (online) 1098-5557 ; 1070-6275
    ISSN 1092-2172
    DOI 10.1128/mmbr.00080-22
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Observations on research with spores of Bacillales and Clostridiales species.

    Setlow, Peter

    Journal of applied microbiology

    2018  Band 126, Heft 2, Seite(n) 348–358

    Abstract: The purpose of this article is to highlight some areas of research with spores of bacteria of Firmicute species in which the methodology too commonly used is not optimal and generates misleading results. As a consequence, conclusions drawn from data ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of this article is to highlight some areas of research with spores of bacteria of Firmicute species in which the methodology too commonly used is not optimal and generates misleading results. As a consequence, conclusions drawn from data obtained are often flawed or not appropriate. Topics covered in the article include the following: (i) the importance of using well-purified bacterial spores in studies on spore resistance, composition, killing, disinfection and germination; (ii) methods for obtaining good purification of spores of various species; (iii) appropriate experimental approaches to determine mechanisms of spore resistance and spore killing by a variety of agents, as well as known mechanisms of spore resistance and killing; (iv) common errors made in drawing conclusions about spore killing by various agents, including failure to neutralize chemical agents before plating for viable spore enumeration, and equating correlations between changes in spore properties accompanying spore killing with causation. It is hoped that a consideration of these topics will improve the quality of spore research going forward.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Bacillales/drug effects ; Clostridiales/drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Spores, Bacterial/drug effects ; Spores, Bacterial/isolation & purification
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-09-27
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1358023-1
    ISSN 1365-2672 ; 1364-5072
    ISSN (online) 1365-2672
    ISSN 1364-5072
    DOI 10.1111/jam.14067
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel: Observations on research with spores of Bacillales and Clostridiales species

    Setlow, Peter

    Journal of applied microbiology. 2019 Feb., v. 126, no. 2

    2019  

    Abstract: The purpose of this article is to highlight some areas of research with spores of bacteria of Firmicute species in which the methodology too commonly used is not optimal and generates misleading results. As a consequence, conclusions drawn from data ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of this article is to highlight some areas of research with spores of bacteria of Firmicute species in which the methodology too commonly used is not optimal and generates misleading results. As a consequence, conclusions drawn from data obtained are often flawed or not appropriate. Topics covered in the article include the following: (i) the importance of using well‐purified bacterial spores in studies on spore resistance, composition, killing, disinfection and germination; (ii) methods for obtaining good purification of spores of various species; (iii) appropriate experimental approaches to determine mechanisms of spore resistance and spore killing by a variety of agents, as well as known mechanisms of spore resistance and killing; (iv) common errors made in drawing conclusions about spore killing by various agents, including failure to neutralize chemical agents before plating for viable spore enumeration, and equating correlations between changes in spore properties accompanying spore killing with causation. It is hoped that a consideration of these topics will improve the quality of spore research going forward.
    Schlagwörter Bacillales ; Clostridiales ; bacteria ; bacterial spores ; disinfection ; germination ; neutralization
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2019-02
    Umfang p. 348-358.
    Erscheinungsort John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung REVIEW
    ZDB-ID 1358023-1
    ISSN 1365-2672 ; 1364-5072
    ISSN (online) 1365-2672
    ISSN 1364-5072
    DOI 10.1111/jam.14067
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  5. Artikel ; Online: What's new and notable in bacterial spore killing!

    Setlow, Peter / Christie, Graham

    World journal of microbiology & biotechnology

    2021  Band 37, Heft 8, Seite(n) 144

    Abstract: Spores of many species of the orders Bacillales and Clostridiales can be vectors for food spoilage, human diseases and intoxications, and biological warfare. Many agents are used for spore killing, including moist heat in an autoclave, dry heat at ... ...

    Abstract Spores of many species of the orders Bacillales and Clostridiales can be vectors for food spoilage, human diseases and intoxications, and biological warfare. Many agents are used for spore killing, including moist heat in an autoclave, dry heat at elevated temperatures, UV radiation at 254 and more recently 222 and 400 nm, ionizing radiation of various types, high hydrostatic pressures and a host of chemical decontaminants. An alternative strategy is to trigger spore germination, as germinated spores are much easier to kill than the highly resistant dormant spores-the so called "germinate to eradicate" strategy. Factors important to consider in choosing methods for spore killing include the: (1) cost; (2) killing efficacy and kinetics; (3) ability to decontaminate large areas in buildings or outside; and (4) compatibility of killing regimens with the: (i) presence of people; (ii) food quality; (iii) presence of significant amounts of organic matter; and (iv) minimal damage to equipment in the decontamination zone. This review will summarize research on spore killing and point out some common flaws which can make results from spore killing research questionable.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Bacillales/drug effects ; Bacillales/growth & development ; Clostridiales/growth & development ; Clostridiales/radiation effects ; Disinfection/instrumentation ; Disinfection/methods ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Spores, Bacterial/growth & development ; Spores, Bacterial/radiation effects ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-08-05
    Erscheinungsland Germany
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1499109-3
    ISSN 1573-0972 ; 0959-3993
    ISSN (online) 1573-0972
    ISSN 0959-3993
    DOI 10.1007/s11274-021-03108-0
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel: What’s new and notable in bacterial spore killing!

    Setlow, Peter / Christie, Graham

    World journal of microbiology & biotechnology. 2021 Aug., v. 37, no. 8

    2021  

    Abstract: Spores of many species of the orders Bacillales and Clostridiales can be vectors for food spoilage, human diseases and intoxications, and biological warfare. Many agents are used for spore killing, including moist heat in an autoclave, dry heat at ... ...

    Abstract Spores of many species of the orders Bacillales and Clostridiales can be vectors for food spoilage, human diseases and intoxications, and biological warfare. Many agents are used for spore killing, including moist heat in an autoclave, dry heat at elevated temperatures, UV radiation at 254 and more recently 222 and 400 nm, ionizing radiation of various types, high hydrostatic pressures and a host of chemical decontaminants. An alternative strategy is to trigger spore germination, as germinated spores are much easier to kill than the highly resistant dormant spores—the so called “germinate to eradicate” strategy. Factors important to consider in choosing methods for spore killing include the: (1) cost; (2) killing efficacy and kinetics; (3) ability to decontaminate large areas in buildings or outside; and (4) compatibility of killing regimens with the: (i) presence of people; (ii) food quality; (iii) presence of significant amounts of organic matter; and (iv) minimal damage to equipment in the decontamination zone. This review will summarize research on spore killing and point out some common flaws which can make results from spore killing research questionable.
    Schlagwörter Bacillales ; Clostridiales ; bacterial spores ; biotechnology ; decontamination ; food spoilage ; heat ; humans ; microbiology ; organic matter ; people ; spore germination ; ultraviolet radiation
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2021-08
    Umfang p. 144.
    Erscheinungsort Springer Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung Review
    ZDB-ID 1499109-3
    ISSN 1573-0972 ; 0959-3993
    ISSN (online) 1573-0972
    ISSN 0959-3993
    DOI 10.1007/s11274-021-03108-0
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Artikel: Genomic versus Plasmid-Borne Expression of Germinant Receptor Proteins in Bacillus cereus Strain 14579

    Wang, Yan / Setlow, Peter / Brul, Stanley

    Microorganisms

    2022  Band 10, Heft 9

    Abstract: Germinant receptors (GRs) are proteins in the spore-forming bacteria of Bacillus species that are crucial in triggering spore germination by sensing nutrients in the spores' environment. In the Gram-positive ... ...

    Abstract Germinant receptors (GRs) are proteins in the spore-forming bacteria of Bacillus species that are crucial in triggering spore germination by sensing nutrients in the spores' environment. In the Gram-positive bacterium
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-09-02
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms10091774
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Artikel: Bacterial Spore mRNA - What's Up With That?

    Setlow, Peter / Christie, Graham

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2020  Band 11, Seite(n) 596092

    Abstract: Bacteria belonging to the orders Bacillales and Clostridiales form spores in response to nutrient starvation. From a simplified morphological perspective, the spore can be considered as comprising a central protoplast or core, that is, enveloped ... ...

    Abstract Bacteria belonging to the orders Bacillales and Clostridiales form spores in response to nutrient starvation. From a simplified morphological perspective, the spore can be considered as comprising a central protoplast or core, that is, enveloped sequentially by an inner membrane (IM), a peptidoglycan cortex, an outer membrane, and a proteinaceous coat. All of these structures are characterized by unique morphological and/or structural features, which collectively confer metabolic dormancy and properties of environmental resistance to the quiescent spore. These properties are maintained until the spore is stimulated to germinate, outgrow and form a new vegetative cell. Spore germination comprises a series of partially overlapping biochemical and biophysical events - efflux of ions from the core, rehydration and IM reorganization, disassembly of cortex and coat - all of which appear to take place in the absence of
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-10-26
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2020.596092
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Bacillus spore germination: Knowns, unknowns and what we need to learn.

    Christie, Graham / Setlow, Peter

    Cellular signalling

    2020  Band 74, Seite(n) 109729

    Abstract: How might a microbial cell that is entirely metabolically dormant - and which has the ability to remain so for extended periods of time - irreversibly commit itself to resuming vegetative growth within seconds of being exposed to certain amino acids or ... ...

    Abstract How might a microbial cell that is entirely metabolically dormant - and which has the ability to remain so for extended periods of time - irreversibly commit itself to resuming vegetative growth within seconds of being exposed to certain amino acids or sugars? That this process takes place in the absence of any detectable ATP or de novo protein synthesis, and relies upon a pre-formed apparatus that is immobilised, respectively, in a semi-crystalline membrane or multi-layered proteinaceous coat, only exacerbates the challenge facing spores of Bacillales species when stimulated to germinate. Whereas the process by which spores are formed in response to nutrient starvation - sporulation - involves the orchestrated interplay between hundreds of distinct proteins, the process by which spores return to life - germination - is a much simpler affair, requiring a handful of receptor and channel proteins complemented with specialized peptidoglycan lysins. Despite this relative simplicity, and research effort spanning many decades, comprehensive understanding of key molecular and biochemical details and, in particular signal transduction mechanisms associated with spore germination, has remained elusive. In this review we provide an up to date overview of the field while identifying what we consider to be the key gaps in knowledge associated with germination of Bacillales spores, suggesting also technical approaches that may provide fresh insight to this unique biological process.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Bacillus/growth & development ; Bacillus/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Biological Phenomena ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Signal Transduction ; Spores, Bacterial/growth & development ; Spores, Bacterial/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Bacterial Proteins
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-07-25
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1002702-6
    ISSN 1873-3913 ; 0898-6568
    ISSN (online) 1873-3913
    ISSN 0898-6568
    DOI 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109729
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Summer meeting 201--when the sleepers wake: the germination of spores of Bacillus species.

    Setlow, P

    Journal of applied microbiology

    2013  Band 115, Heft 6, Seite(n) 1251–1268

    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2013-10-08
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Address ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1358023-1
    ISSN 1365-2672 ; 1364-5072
    ISSN (online) 1365-2672
    ISSN 1364-5072
    DOI 10.1111/jam.12343
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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